MONITORING THE VEGETATIVE STATE OF COFFEE USING VEGETATION INDICES

Chedid, Vitor; Cortez, Jorge W.; Arcoverde, Sálvio N. S.

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v44e20220212/2024

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Technical Paper • Eng. agríc. 44 • 2024 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v44e20220212/2024 copy

MONITORING THE VEGETATIVE STATE OF COFFEE USING VEGETATION INDICES

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Vegetation indices are a quick and practical alternative for monitoring crops due to the availability of satellite images on various platforms for free, allowing a quick analysis of the vegetative state of the crop and interventions in the field in case of signs of diseases and pests. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the vegetative state of the coffee crop using vegetation indices (NDVI, SAVI, ARVI, EVI, and VDVI) in an agricultural year. The study was carried out on a commercial farm using satellite images from the Planet platform, during an agricultural coffee growing season (2021/2022). The indices selected for the study were the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), and Visible Difference Vegetation Index (VDVI). The index data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, classification/interpretation proposal, and the Kappa index. NDVI and SAVI are efficient in monitoring coffee cultivation in an agricultural year, as the Kappa index was higher than 90%. ARVI and EVI had Kappa index values close to 90% and can be used to monitor the crop. VDVI was inefficient, with a low Kappa index value when compared to the others. The proposed classification for vegetation indices based on NDVI classes and values consisted of an important tool for classifying and interpreting the values of these indices, assisting monitoring and management of coffee cultivation.

Coffea arabica; precision agriculture; satellite image; planet labs

Total	Parameter
Total	Index	Mean	Minimum	Maximum	Range	SD	CV (%)
8/31/2021	NDVI	0.72	0.27	0.92	0.65	0.09	12.50
	SAVI	1.09	0.41	1.38	0.98	0.13	11.93
	ARVI	0.67	-0.01	0.96	0.96	0.12	17.91
	EVI	1.43	0.31	2.52	2.21	0.31	21.68
	VDVI	0.08	-0.16	0.43	0.59	0.08	100.00
9/27/2021	NDVI	0.68	0.23	0.83	0.59	0.07	10.29
	SAVI	1.02	0.35	1.25	0.89	0.11	10.78
	ARVI	0.53	-0.02	0.76	0.78	0.10	18.87
	EVI	1.26	0.29	1.93	1.64	0.22	17.46
	VDVI	-0.02	-0.21	0.18	0.40	0.05	250.00
10/9/2021	NDVI	0.61	0.14	0.75	0.61	0.07	11.48
	SAVI	0.91	0.21	1.13	0.91	0.10	10.99
	ARVI	0.54	-0.17	0.74	0.91	0.10	18.52
	EVI	1.15	0.16	1.70	1.53	0.21	18.26
	VDVI	-0.01	-0.24	0.28	0.52	0.04	400.00
11/25/2021	NDVI	0.74	0.16	0.86	0.70	0.08	10.81
	SAVI	1.10	0.24	1.29	1.05	0.11	10.00
	ARVI	0.62	-0.06	0.80	0.87	0.10	16.13
	EVI	1.54	0.22	2.07	1.85	0.24	15.58
	VDVI	0.07	-0.14	0.25	0.40	0.05	71.43
12/10/2021	NDVI	0.76	0.17	0.87	0.70	0.08	10.53
	SAVI	1.15	0.26	1.31	1.06	0.12	10.43
	ARVI	0.67	-0.05	0.84	0.89	0.11	16.42
	EVI	1.71	0.25	2.23	1.99	0.27	15.79
	VDVI	0.12	-0.11	0.25	0.37	0.05	41.67
1/23/2022	NDVI	0.80	0.36	0.87	0.51	0.06	7.50
	SAVI	1.19	0.54	1.30	0.76	0.09	7.56
	ARVI	0.77	0.15	0.88	0.73	0.08	10.39
	EVI	2.31	0.56	3.49	2.93	0.28	12.12
	VDVI	0.12	-0.09	0.23	0.32	0.04	33.33

Total	Parameter
Total	Index	Mean	Minimum	Maximum	Range	SD	CV (%)
2/25/2022	NDVI	0.84	0.12	0.97	0.85	0.08	9.52
	SAVI	1.26	0.18	1.45	1.28	0.12	9.52
	ARVI	0.80	-0.20	1.04	1.25	0.12	15.00
	EVI	2.14	0.10	3.50	3.40	0.38	17.76
	VDVI	0.16	-0.67	0.40	1.07	0.07	43.75
3/10/2022	NDVI	0.86	0.29	0.96	0.67	0.07	8.14
	SAVI	1.28	0.44	1.45	1.00	0.11	8.59
	ARVI	0.81	0.04	0.99	0.95	0.11	13.58
	EVI	2.08	0.38	2.82	2.43	0.33	15.87
	VDVI	0.20	-0.13	0.47	0.60	0.08	40.00
4/26/2022	NDVI	0.78	0.05	0.92	0.87	0.09	11.54
	SAVI	1.16	0.08	1.38	1.31	0.14	12.07
	ARVI	0.69	-0.16	0.94	1.10	0.14	20.29
	EVI	1.82	0.07	2.78	2.71	0.43	23.63
	VDVI	0.09	-0.34	0.58	0.92	0.06	66.67
5/29/2022	NDVI	0.76	0.14	0.94	0.85	0.09	11.84
	SAVI	1.14	0.21	1.42	1.21	0.14	12.28
	ARVI	0.67	-0.07	0.97	1.04	0.14	20.90
	EVI	1.73	0.23	2.82	2.60	0.38	21.97
	VDVI	0.12	-0.33	0.40	0.73	0.08	66.67
6/24/2022	NDVI	0.76	0.19	0.93	0.74	0.10	13.16
	SAVI	1.14	0.28	1.39	1.11	0.15	13.16
	ARVI	0.67	-0.70	0.94	1.02	0.15	22.39
	EVI	1.74	0.22	2.98	2.76	0.44	25.29
	VDVI	0.10	-0.18	0.35	0.52	0.08	80.00
7/26/2022	NDVI	0.73	0.15	0.92	0.77	0.10	13.70
	SAVI	1.09	0.23	1.38	1.16	0.15	13.76
	ARVI	0.61	-0.12	0.94	1.06	0.15	24.59
	EVI	1.53	0.17	3.52	3.35	0.40	26.14
	VDVI	0.09	-0.15	0.40	0.54	0.08	88.89

Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola SBEA - Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola, Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Exatas FCAV/UNESP, Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane, km 5, 14884.900 | Jaboticabal - SP, Tel./Fax: +55 16 3209 7619 - Jaboticabal - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revistasbea@sbea.org.br

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[1] *Corresponding author. FAPED/CPAO/RAIZEN/Dourados - MS, Brazil. E-mail: salvionapoleao@gmail.com | ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0453-4566

Class	NDVI	Proposal – Interpretation – Coffee
1	0.0–0.2	No vegetation or non-vegetation targets
2	0.2–0.4	Soil/non-vegetation targets
3	0.4–0.6	Soil/non-vegetation targets/Coffee plants under unfavorable climate conditions
4	0.6–0.8	Coffee plants in vegetation activity
5	0.8–1.0	Coffee plants at maximum vegetation activity
Class	NDVI	SAVI	ARVI	EVI	VDVI
1	0.00–0.20	0.00–0.32	-1.00–0.02	0.00–0.30	-1.00–0.00
2	0.20–0.40	0.32–0.60	-0.02–0.20	0.30–0.66	0.00–0.04
3	0.40–0.60	0.60–0.90	0.20–0.45	0.66–1.13	0.04–0.10
4	0.60–0.80	0.90–1.18	0.45–0.74	1.13–1.95	0.10–0.27
5	0.80–0.92	1.18–1.50	0.74–1.00	1.95–4.00	0.27–0.50