FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION METHODS FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE – A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE STUDY

Beneduzzi, Humberto M.; Souza, Eduardo G. de; Moreira, Wendel K. O.; Sobjak, Ricardo; Bazzi, Claudio L.; Rodrigues, Marlon

doi:10.1590/1809-4430-Eng.Agric.v42n1e20210185/2022

Humberto M. Beneduzzi

Federal Institute of Paraná / Foz do Iguaçu - PR, Brazil.

Eduardo G. de Souza

Western Paraná State University / Cascavel - PR, Brazil.

Wendel K. O. Moreira

Western Paraná State University / Cascavel - PR, Brazil.

Ricardo Sobjak

Federal Technological University of Paraná / Medianeira - PR, Brazil.

Claudio L. Bazzi

Federal Technological University of Paraná / Medianeira - PR, Brazil.

Marlon Rodrigues ^** Corresponding author. Western Paraná State University / Cascavel - PR, Brazil. E-mail: marlon.rodrig@hotmail.com

Western Paraná State University / Cascavel - PR, Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7661-9166

* Corresponding author. Western Paraná State University / Cascavel - PR, Brazil. E-mail: marlon.rodrig@hotmail.com

Area Editor: Fabio Henrique Rojo Baio

Information	Description
Title	Research title
Authors	Members who are part of the survey
Journals	Form of publication of the research
Volume	Volume of the published journal
Country	Country in which the research was developed
Year	Year of publication of the research
Abstract	Main research information
DOI	Digital object identifier

Technic	Studies references
Systematic literature mapping (SLM)	( Basso et al., 2007Basso B, Bertocco M, Sartori L, Martin EC (2007) Analyzing the effects of climate variability on spatial pattern of yield in a maize–wheat–soybean rotation. European Journal of Agronomy 26(2):82–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2006.08.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2006.08.00... ; Devkota et al., 2016Devkota KP, McDonald AJ, Khadka L, Khadka A, Paudel G, Devkota M (2016) Fertilizers, hybrids, and the sustainable intensification of maize systems in the rainfed mid-hills of Nepal. European Journal of Agronomy 80 154–167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.08.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.08.00... ; Frogbrook et al., 2006Frogbrook ZL, Oliver MA, Salahi M, Ellis RH (2006) Exploring the spatial relations between cereal yield and soil chemical properties and the implications for sampling. Soil Use and Management 18(1): 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00043.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002... ; Goulding, 2016Goulding KWT (2016) Soil acidification and the importance of liming agricultural soils with particular reference to the United Kingdom. Soil Use and Management 32(3): 390–399. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12270 https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12270... ; Haneklaus & Schnug, 2000Haneklaus S, Schnug E (2000) Decision‐making strategies for the variable‐rate application of compound fertilizers. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 31(11–14): 1863–1873. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620009370543 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362000937054... ; Kahabka et al., 2004Kahabka JE, Van Es HM, McClenahan EJ, Cox WJ (2004) Spatial Analysis of Maize Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer in Central New York. Precision Agriculture 5(5): 463–476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-004-5320-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-004-5320-... ; Khanna et al., 2000Khanna M, Isik M, Winter-Nelson A (2000) Investment in site-specific crop management under uncertainty: implications for nitrogen pollution control and environmental policy. Agricultural Economics 24(1): 9–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000.tb00089.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000... ; Lambert et al., 2007Lambert DM, Lowenberg-DeBoer J, Malzer G (2007) Managing phosphorous soil dynamics over space and time. Agricultural Economics 37(1): 43–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00221.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007... ; Lv & Chen, 2009Lv X, Chen Y (2009) Definition of Management Zones of Soil Nutrients Based on Spatial Analysis in Cotton Field. 2009 Sixth International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery 506–510. 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Field Crops Research 155 233–244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.00... ; Schirrmann & Domsch, 2011Schirrmann M, Domsch H (2011) Sampling procedure simulating on-the-go sensing for soil nutrients. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 174(2): 333–343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200900367 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200900367... ; Shukla et al., 2017Shukla AK, Sinha NK, Tiwari PK, Prakash C, Behera SK, Lenka NK, Singh VK, Dwivedi BS, Majumdar K, Kumar A, Srivastava PC, Pachauri SP, Meena MC, Lakaria BL, Siddiqui S (2017) Spatial Distribution and Management Zones for Sulphur and Micronutrients in Shiwalik Himalayan Region of India. Land Degradation & Development 28(3): 959–969. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2673 https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2673... ; van Raij, 1983van Raij B, (1983) Avaliação da fertilidade do solo. Piracicaba, Instituto Internacional da Potassa. ; van Raij et al., 2002van Raij B, Cantarella H, Quaggio JA (2002) Rationale of the economy of soil testing. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33(15–18):2521–2536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-120014463 https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-120014463... ; Wong et al., 2001Wong MTF, Corner RJ, Cook SE (2001) A decision support system for mapping the site-specific potassium requirement of wheat in the field. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41(5):655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191... ; Wood & Litterick, 2017Wood M, Litterick AM (2017) Soil health - What should the doctor order? Soil Use and Management 33(2): 339–345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12344 https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12344... ; Xu et al., 2014Xu X, He P, Qiu S, Pampolino MF, Zhao S, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2014) Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research 163 10–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.01... , 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... )
Backward Snowballing (BSB)	( Amaral & Molin, 2011Amaral LR do, Molin JP (2011) Sensor óptico no auxílio à recomendação de adubação nitrogenada em cana-de-açúcar. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 46(12):1633–1642. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2011001200008 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X201100... ; Buresh et al., 2010Buresh RJ, Pampolino MF, Witt C (2010) Field-specific potassium and phosphorus balances and fertilizer requirements for irrigated rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil 335(1–2):35–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-... ; Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... ; Duchesne et al., 2013Duchesne L, Moore J-D, Ouimet R (2013) Partitioning the Effect of Release and Liming on Growth of Sugar Maple and American Beech Saplings. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 30(1): 28–36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5849/njaf.12-012 https://doi.org/10.5849/njaf.12-012... ; Stanger & Lauer, 2008Stanger TF, Lauer JG (2008) Corn Grain Yield Response to Crop Rotation and Nitrogen over 35 Years. Agronomy Journal 100(3): 643–650. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0280 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2007.0280... )
Forward Snowballing (FSB)	( Arregui et al., 2006Arregui LM, Lasa B, Lafarga A, Irañeta I, Baroja E, Quemada M (2006) Evaluation of chlorophyll meters as tools for N fertilization in winter wheat under humid Mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Agronomy 24(2):140–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2005.05.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2005.05.00... ; Birrell et al., 1996Birrell SJ, Sudduth KA, Kitchen NR (1996) Nutrient mapping implications of short‐range variability. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Precision Agriculture 207–216. ; Blackmer, 1997Blackmer AM, (1997) Nitrogen fertilizer recommendations for corn in Iowa. ; Bray & Kurtz, 1945Bray RH, Kurtz LT (1945) Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils. Soil Science 59(1):39–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-194501000-00006 https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-1945010... ; Coelho et al., 1992Coelho AM, Franca GE de, Bahia Filho AFC, Guedes GAA, (1992) Doses e métodos de aplicação de fertilizantes nitrogenados na cultura do milho sob irrigação. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 16: 61-67. ; Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... ; Dinnes et al., 2002Dinnes DL, Karlen DL, Jaynes DB, Kaspar TC, Hatfield JL, Colvin TS, Cambardella CA (2002) Nitrogen Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrate Leaching in Tile-Drained Midwestern Soils. Agronomy Journal 94(1):153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.1530 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.1530... ; Dobermann & Cassman, 2002Dobermann A, Cassman KG (2002) Plant nutrient management for enhanced productivity in intensive grain production systems of the United States and Asia. Plant and Soil 247(1):153–175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021197525875 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021197525875... ; Hinsinger, 2001Hinsinger P (2001) Bioavailability of soil inorganic P in the rhizosphere as affected by root-induced chemical changes: a review. Plant and Soil 237(2): 173–195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013351617532 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013351617532... ; Hoeft & Peck, 1998Hoeft RG, Peck TR (1998) Illinois Agronomy Handbook. Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agricultural. ; Janssen et al., 1990Janssen BH, Guiking FCT, van der Eijk D, Smaling EMA, Wolf J, van Reuler H (1990) A system for quantitative evaluation of the fertility of tropical soils (QUEFTS). Geoderma 46(4): 299–318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)90021-Z https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)900... ; Johnston et al., 2014Johnston AE, Poulton PR, Fixen PE, Curtin D (2014) Phosphorus: (177–228) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420225-2.00005-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420225... ; Molin et al., 2010Molin JP, Motomiya AV de A, Frasson FR, Faulin GDC, Tosta W (2010) Test procedure for variable rate fertilizer on coffee. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 32(4):. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v32i4.5282 https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v32... ; Pampolino et al., 2012Pampolino MF, Witt C, Pasuquin JM, Johnston A, Fisher MJ (2012) Development approach and evaluation of the Nutrient Expert software for nutrient management in cereal crops. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 88 103–110. 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Scientific journals	Number of articles
Precision Agriculture	4
Agronomy Journal	3
Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis	3
European Journal of Agronomy	3
Field Crops Research	3
Plant and Soil	3
Soil Use and Management	3
Agricultural Economics	2
Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science	2
Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira	2
Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo	2
Others	16

Domain	Study references
Precision agriculture	( Ayoubi et al., 2012Ayoubi S, Mohammad Zamani S, Khormali F (2012) Spatial variability of some soil properties for site specific farming in northern Iran. International Journal of Plant Production 1(2):225–236. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22069/ijpp.2012.539 https://doi.org/10.22069/ijpp.2012.539... ; Lambert et al., 2007Lambert DM, Lowenberg-DeBoer J, Malzer G (2007) Managing phosphorous soil dynamics over space and time. Agricultural Economics 37(1): 43–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00221.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007... ; Robert, 2002Robert PC (2002) Precision agriculture: a challenge for crop nutrition management. Plant and Soil 247(1): 143–149. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021171514148 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021171514148... ; Sapkota et al., 2014Sapkota TB, Majumdar K, Jat ML, Kumar A, Bishnoi DK, McDonald AJ, Pampolino M (2014) Precision nutrient management in conservation agriculture based wheat production of Northwest India: Profitability, nutrient use efficiency and environmental footprint. Field Crops Research 155 233–244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.00... ; Schirrmann & Domsch, 2011Schirrmann M, Domsch H (2011) Sampling procedure simulating on-the-go sensing for soil nutrients. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 174(2): 333–343. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200900367 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200900367... ; van Raij et al., 2002van Raij B, Cantarella H, Quaggio JA (2002) Rationale of the economy of soil testing. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 33(15–18):2521–2536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-120014463 https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-120014463... ; Verhagen et al., 1995Verhagen A, Booltink HW, Bouma J (1995) Site-specific management: balancing production and environmental requirements at farm level. Agricultural Systems 49(4): 369–384. ; Verhagen, 1997Verhagen J (1997) Site specific fertiliser application for potato production and effects on N-leaching using dynamic simulation modelling. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 66(2): 165–175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00086-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(97)00... )
Soil fertility	( Chen et al., 2009Chen W, Bell RW, Brennan RF, Bowden JW, Dobermann A, Rengel Z, Porter W (2009) Key crop nutrient management issues in the Western Australia grains industry: a review. Soil Research 47(1):1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/SR08097 https://doi.org/10.1071/SR08097... ; Frogbrook et al., 2006Frogbrook ZL, Oliver MA, Salahi M, Ellis RH (2006) Exploring the spatial relations between cereal yield and soil chemical properties and the implications for sampling. Soil Use and Management 18(1): 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002.tb00043.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2002... ; Goulding, 2016Goulding KWT (2016) Soil acidification and the importance of liming agricultural soils with particular reference to the United Kingdom. Soil Use and Management 32(3): 390–399. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12270 https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12270... ; Molin et al., 2010Molin JP, Motomiya AV de A, Frasson FR, Faulin GDC, Tosta W (2010) Test procedure for variable rate fertilizer on coffee. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 32(4):. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v32i4.5282 https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v32... ; Schnug et al., 1998Schnug E, Panten K, Haneklaus S (1998) Sampling and nutrient recommendations ‐ the future. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 29(11–14): 1455–1462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629809370042 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362980937004... ; Shukla et al., 2017Shukla AK, Sinha NK, Tiwari PK, Prakash C, Behera SK, Lenka NK, Singh VK, Dwivedi BS, Majumdar K, Kumar A, Srivastava PC, Pachauri SP, Meena MC, Lakaria BL, Siddiqui S (2017) Spatial Distribution and Management Zones for Sulphur and Micronutrients in Shiwalik Himalayan Region of India. Land Degradation & Development 28(3): 959–969. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2673 https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2673... ; Wood & Litterick, 2017Wood M, Litterick AM (2017) Soil health - What should the doctor order? Soil Use and Management 33(2): 339–345. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12344 https://doi.org/10.1111/sum.12344... ; Ziadi et al., 2013Ziadi N, Cambouris AN, Nyiraneza J, Nolin MC (2013) Across a landscape, soil texture controls the optimum rate of N fertilizer for maize production. Field Crops Research 148 78–85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.023 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.03.02... )
Site-specific application	( Atherton et al., 1999Atherton BC, Morgan MT, Shearer SA, Stombaugh TS, Ward AD (1999) Site-specific farming: A perspective on information needs, benefits and limitations. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation 54(2):455 LP – 461. Available: http://www.jswconline.org/content/54/2/455.abstract http://www.jswconline.org/content/54/2/4... ; Basso et al., 2007Basso B, Bertocco M, Sartori L, Martin EC (2007) Analyzing the effects of climate variability on spatial pattern of yield in a maize–wheat–soybean rotation. European Journal of Agronomy 26(2):82–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2006.08.008 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2006.08.00... ; Beckie et al., 1997Beckie HJ, Moulin AP, Pennock DJ (1997) Strategies for variable rate nitrogen fertilization in hummocky terrain. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 77(4):589–595. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/S96-095 https://doi.org/10.4141/S96-095... ; Bullock & Lowenberg‐DeBoer, 2007Bullock DS, Lowenberg‐DeBoer J (2007) Using spatial analysis to study the values of variable rate technology and information. Journal of Agricultural Economics 58(3):517–535. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.25393 https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.25393... ; Devkota et al., 2016Devkota KP, McDonald AJ, Khadka L, Khadka A, Paudel G, Devkota M (2016) Fertilizers, hybrids, and the sustainable intensification of maize systems in the rainfed mid-hills of Nepal. European Journal of Agronomy 80 154–167. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.08.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.08.00... ; Haneklaus & Schnug, 2000Haneklaus S, Schnug E (2000) Decision‐making strategies for the variable‐rate application of compound fertilizers. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 31(11–14): 1863–1873. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620009370543 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362000937054... ; Jin & Jiang, 2002Jin J, Jiang C (2002) Spatial variability of soil nutrients and site-specific nutrient management in the P.R. China. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 36(2–3):165–172. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1699(02)00099-6 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1699(02)00... ; Kahabka et al., 2004Kahabka JE, Van Es HM, McClenahan EJ, Cox WJ (2004) Spatial Analysis of Maize Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer in Central New York. Precision Agriculture 5(5): 463–476. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-004-5320-2 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-004-5320-... ; Khanna et al., 2000Khanna M, Isik M, Winter-Nelson A (2000) Investment in site-specific crop management under uncertainty: implications for nitrogen pollution control and environmental policy. Agricultural Economics 24(1): 9–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000.tb00089.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2000... ; Lambert et al., 2007Lambert DM, Lowenberg-DeBoer J, Malzer G (2007) Managing phosphorous soil dynamics over space and time. Agricultural Economics 37(1): 43–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00221.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007... ; Meyer-Aurich et al., 2010Meyer-Aurich A, Weersink A, Gandorfer M, Wagner P (2010) Optimal site-specific fertilization and harvesting strategies with respect to crop yield and quality response to nitrogen. Agricultural Systems 103(7): 478–485. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2010.05.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2010.05.0... ; Molin et al., 2010Molin JP, Motomiya AV de A, Frasson FR, Faulin GDC, Tosta W (2010) Test procedure for variable rate fertilizer on coffee. Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 32(4):. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v32i4.5282 https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v32... ; Nogara Neto et al., 2011Nogara Neto F, Roloff G, Dieckow J, Motta ACV (2011) Atributos de solo e cultura espacialmente distribuídos relacionados ao rendimento do milho. Revista Brasileira de Ciência Do Solo 35(3): 1025–1036. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-06832011000300036 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-0683201100... ; Robertson et al., 2012Robertson MJ, Llewellyn RS, Mandel R, Lawes R, Bramley RG V, Swift L, Metz N, O’Callaghan C (2012) Adoption of variable rate fertiliser application in the Australian grains industry: status, issues and prospects. Precision Agriculture 13(2): 181–199. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-011-9236-3 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-011-9236-... ; Schnug et al., 1998Schnug E, Panten K, Haneklaus S (1998) Sampling and nutrient recommendations ‐ the future. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 29(11–14): 1455–1462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103629809370042 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362980937004... ; Stępień et al., 2013Stępień M, Gozdowski D, Samborski S (2013) A case study on the estimation accuracy of soil properties and fertilizer rates for different soil-sampling grids. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 176(1): 57–68. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100422 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201100422... )
Fertilizer recommendation methods	( Adams et al., 2000Adams ML, Cook S, Bowden JW (2000) Using yield maps and intensive soil sampling to improve nitrogen fertiliser recommendations from a deterministic model in the Western Australian wheatbelt. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40(7):959. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/EA99129 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA99129... ; Amaral & Molin, 2011Amaral LR do, Molin JP (2011) Sensor óptico no auxílio à recomendação de adubação nitrogenada em cana-de-açúcar. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 46(12):1633–1642. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2011001200008 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X201100... ; Arregui et al., 2006Arregui LM, Lasa B, Lafarga A, Irañeta I, Baroja E, Quemada M (2006) Evaluation of chlorophyll meters as tools for N fertilization in winter wheat under humid Mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Agronomy 24(2):140–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2005.05.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2005.05.00... ; Beckie et al., 1997Beckie HJ, Moulin AP, Pennock DJ (1997) Strategies for variable rate nitrogen fertilization in hummocky terrain. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 77(4):589–595. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/S96-095 https://doi.org/10.4141/S96-095... ; Buresh et al., 2010Buresh RJ, Pampolino MF, Witt C (2010) Field-specific potassium and phosphorus balances and fertilizer requirements for irrigated rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil 335(1–2):35–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-... ; Coelho et al., 1992Coelho AM, Franca GE de, Bahia Filho AFC, Guedes GAA, (1992) Doses e métodos de aplicação de fertilizantes nitrogenados na cultura do milho sob irrigação. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 16: 61-67. ; Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... ; Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... ; Dinnes et al., 2002Dinnes DL, Karlen DL, Jaynes DB, Kaspar TC, Hatfield JL, Colvin TS, Cambardella CA (2002) Nitrogen Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrate Leaching in Tile-Drained Midwestern Soils. Agronomy Journal 94(1):153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.1530 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.1530... ; Elprince, 2009Elprince AM (2009) Prediction Soil Fertilization Maps Using Logistic Modeling and a Geographical Information System. Soil Science Society of America Journal 73(6): 2032–2042. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0369 https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2008.0369... ; Francis et al., 1993Francis DD, Schepers JS, Vigil MF (1993) Post‐Anthesis Nitrogen Loss from Corn. Agronomy Journal 85(3): 659–663. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030026x https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1993.00021... ; Hinsinger, 2001Hinsinger P (2001) Bioavailability of soil inorganic P in the rhizosphere as affected by root-induced chemical changes: a review. Plant and Soil 237(2): 173–195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013351617532 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013351617532... ; Hoeft & Peck, 1998Hoeft RG, Peck TR (1998) Illinois Agronomy Handbook. Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agricultural. ; Kersebaum et al., 2005Kersebaum KC, Lorenz K, Reuter HI, Schwarz J, Wegehenkel M, Wendroth O (2005) Operational use of agro-meteorological data and GIS to derive site specific nitrogen fertilizer recommendations based on the simulation of soil and crop growth processes. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 30(1–3): 59–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2004.08.021 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2004.08.02... ; Lambert et al., 2007Lambert DM, Lowenberg-DeBoer J, Malzer G (2007) Managing phosphorous soil dynamics over space and time. Agricultural Economics 37(1): 43–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00221.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007... ; Liu et al., 2006Liu Y, Swinton SM, Miller NR (2006) Is Site‐Specific Yield Response Consistent over Time? Does It Pay? American Journal of Agricultural Economics 88(2): 471–483. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8276.2006.00872.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8276.2006... ; B.-L. Ma et al., 2014Ma B-L, Wu T-Y, Shang J (2014) On-farm comparison of variable rates of nitrogen with uniform application to maize on canopy reflectance, soil nitrate, and grain yield. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 177(2): 216–226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201200338 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201200338... ; B. L. Ma et al., 2010Ma BL, Wu TY, Tremblay N, Deen W, Morrison MJ, Mclaughlin NB, Gregorich EG, Stewart G (2010) Nitrous oxide fluxes from corn fields: on-farm assessment of the amount and timing of nitrogen fertilizer. Global Change Biology 16(1): 156–170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01932.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009... ; Martha et al., 2004Martha GB, Corsi M, Trivelin PCO, Alves MC (2004) Nitrogen recovery and loss in a fertilized elephant grass pasture. Grass and Forage Science 59(1): 80–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00407.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004... ; Olfs et al., 2005Olfs H-W, Blankenau K, Brentrup F, Jasper J, Link A, Lammel J (2005) Soil- and plant-based nitrogen-fertilizer recommendations in arable farming. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168(4): 414–431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526... ; Omafra, 2005Omafra (2005) Food and rural affairs. In: Soil Fertility Handbook. Ontario, p190. ; Pierce & Nowak, 1999Pierce FJ, Nowak P (1999) Aspects of Precision Agriculture, p1-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60513-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60... ; Rajsic & Weersink, 2008Rajsic P, Weersink A (2008) Do farmers waste fertilizer? A comparison of ex post optimal nitrogen rates and ex ante recommendations by model, site and year. Agricultural Systems 97(1–2): 56–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2007.12.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2007.12.0... ; Raun et al., 2002Raun WR, Solie JB, Johnson G V., Stone ML, Mullen RW, Freeman KW, Thomason WE, Lukina E V (2002) Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal Grain Production with Optical Sensing and Variable Rate Application. Agronomy Journal 94(4): 815–820. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.8150 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.8150... ; Raun & Johnson, 1999Raun WR, Johnson GV (1999) Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Cereal Production. Agronomy Journal 91(3): 357–363. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1999.00021962009100030001x https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1999.00021... ; Rehm et al., 2006Rehm G, Randall G, Lamb J, Eliason R (2006) Fertilizing corn in Minnesota. FO-0379O. St Paul, University of Minnesota. ; Shanahan et al., 2008Shanahan JF, Kitchen NR, Raun WR, Schepers JS (2008) Responsive in-season nitrogen management for cereals. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 61(1): 51–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2007.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2007.06... ; Shapiro et al., 2008Shapiro CA, Ferguson RB, Hergert GW, Dobermann A, Wortmann CS (2008) Fertilizer suggestions for corn. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Extension. ; Silva & Raij, 1999Silva FC da, Raij B Van (1999) Disponibilidade de fósforo em solos avaliada por diferentes extratores. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 34(2): 267–288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X1999000200016 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X199900... ; van Es et al., 2005van Es HM, Yang CL, Geohring LD (2005) Maize Nitrogen Response as Affected by Soil Type and Drainage Variability. Precision Agriculture 6(3): 281–295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-005-1387-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-005-1387-... ; van Raij, 1983van Raij B, (1983) Avaliação da fertilidade do solo. Piracicaba, Instituto Internacional da Potassa. ; Wong et al., 2001Wong MTF, Corner RJ, Cook SE (2001) A decision support system for mapping the site-specific potassium requirement of wheat in the field. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41(5):655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191... ; Xu et al., 2014Xu X, He P, Qiu S, Pampolino MF, Zhao S, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2014) Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research 163 10–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.01... , 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... ; Ziadi et al., 2012Ziadi N, Bélanger G, Claessens A (2012) Relationship between soil nitrate accumulation and in-season corn N nutrition indicators. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92(2):331–339. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-086 https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-086... )
Recommendation software for localized application of nutrients	( Buresh et al., 2010Buresh RJ, Pampolino MF, Witt C (2010) Field-specific potassium and phosphorus balances and fertilizer requirements for irrigated rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil 335(1–2):35–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-... ; Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... ; IRRI, 2010IRRI (2010) Nutrient management decision tools. (p. 190) ; Janssen et al., 1990Janssen BH, Guiking FCT, van der Eijk D, Smaling EMA, Wolf J, van Reuler H (1990) A system for quantitative evaluation of the fertility of tropical soils (QUEFTS). Geoderma 46(4): 299–318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)90021-Z https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)900... ; Pampolino et al., 2012Pampolino MF, Witt C, Pasuquin JM, Johnston A, Fisher MJ (2012) Development approach and evaluation of the Nutrient Expert software for nutrient management in cereal crops. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 88 103–110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.07.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.07... ; Sapkota et al., 2014Sapkota TB, Majumdar K, Jat ML, Kumar A, Bishnoi DK, McDonald AJ, Pampolino M (2014) Precision nutrient management in conservation agriculture based wheat production of Northwest India: Profitability, nutrient use efficiency and environmental footprint. Field Crops Research 155 233–244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2013.09.00... ; Xu et al., 2014Xu X, He P, Qiu S, Pampolino MF, Zhao S, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2014) Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research 163 10–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.01... , 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... )

Nutrients	Studies authors
Nitrogen	( Adams et al., 2000Adams ML, Cook S, Bowden JW (2000) Using yield maps and intensive soil sampling to improve nitrogen fertiliser recommendations from a deterministic model in the Western Australian wheatbelt. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 40(7):959. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/EA99129 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA99129... ; Amaral & Molin, 2011Amaral LR do, Molin JP (2011) Sensor óptico no auxílio à recomendação de adubação nitrogenada em cana-de-açúcar. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 46(12):1633–1642. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X2011001200008 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X201100... ; Arregui et al., 2006Arregui LM, Lasa B, Lafarga A, Irañeta I, Baroja E, Quemada M (2006) Evaluation of chlorophyll meters as tools for N fertilization in winter wheat under humid Mediterranean conditions. European Journal of Agronomy 24(2):140–148. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2005.05.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2005.05.00... ; Blackmer, 1997Blackmer AM, (1997) Nitrogen fertilizer recommendations for corn in Iowa. ; Coelho et al., 1992Coelho AM, Franca GE de, Bahia Filho AFC, Guedes GAA, (1992) Doses e métodos de aplicação de fertilizantes nitrogenados na cultura do milho sob irrigação. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 16: 61-67. ; Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... ; Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... ; Dinnes et al., 2002Dinnes DL, Karlen DL, Jaynes DB, Kaspar TC, Hatfield JL, Colvin TS, Cambardella CA (2002) Nitrogen Management Strategies to Reduce Nitrate Leaching in Tile-Drained Midwestern Soils. Agronomy Journal 94(1):153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.1530 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.1530... ; Francis et al., 1993Francis DD, Schepers JS, Vigil MF (1993) Post‐Anthesis Nitrogen Loss from Corn. Agronomy Journal 85(3): 659–663. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1993.00021962008500030026x https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1993.00021... ; Hoeft & Peck, 1998Hoeft RG, Peck TR (1998) Illinois Agronomy Handbook. Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agricultural. ; Kersebaum et al., 2005Kersebaum KC, Lorenz K, Reuter HI, Schwarz J, Wegehenkel M, Wendroth O (2005) Operational use of agro-meteorological data and GIS to derive site specific nitrogen fertilizer recommendations based on the simulation of soil and crop growth processes. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C 30(1–3): 59–67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2004.08.021 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2004.08.02... ; Lambert et al., 2007Lambert DM, Lowenberg-DeBoer J, Malzer G (2007) Managing phosphorous soil dynamics over space and time. Agricultural Economics 37(1): 43–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00221.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007... ; B. L. Ma et al., 2010Ma BL, Wu TY, Tremblay N, Deen W, Morrison MJ, Mclaughlin NB, Gregorich EG, Stewart G (2010) Nitrous oxide fluxes from corn fields: on-farm assessment of the amount and timing of nitrogen fertilizer. Global Change Biology 16(1): 156–170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01932.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009... ; Martha et al., 2004Martha GB, Corsi M, Trivelin PCO, Alves MC (2004) Nitrogen recovery and loss in a fertilized elephant grass pasture. Grass and Forage Science 59(1): 80–90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004.00407.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2004... ; Olfs et al., 2005Olfs H-W, Blankenau K, Brentrup F, Jasper J, Link A, Lammel J (2005) Soil- and plant-based nitrogen-fertilizer recommendations in arable farming. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168(4): 414–431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526... ; Omafra, 2005Omafra (2005) Food and rural affairs. In: Soil Fertility Handbook. Ontario, p190. ; Pierce & Nowak, 1999Pierce FJ, Nowak P (1999) Aspects of Precision Agriculture, p1-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60513-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60... ; Raun & Johnson, 1999Raun WR, Johnson GV (1999) Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Cereal Production. Agronomy Journal 91(3): 357–363. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1999.00021962009100030001x https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj1999.00021... ; Rehm et al., 2006Rehm G, Randall G, Lamb J, Eliason R (2006) Fertilizing corn in Minnesota. FO-0379O. St Paul, University of Minnesota. ; Shanahan et al., 2008Shanahan JF, Kitchen NR, Raun WR, Schepers JS (2008) Responsive in-season nitrogen management for cereals. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 61(1): 51–62. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2007.06.006 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2007.06... ; Shapiro et al., 2008Shapiro CA, Ferguson RB, Hergert GW, Dobermann A, Wortmann CS (2008) Fertilizer suggestions for corn. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Extension. ; van Es et al., 2005van Es HM, Yang CL, Geohring LD (2005) Maize Nitrogen Response as Affected by Soil Type and Drainage Variability. Precision Agriculture 6(3): 281–295. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-005-1387-7 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-005-1387-... ; van Raij, 1983van Raij B, (1983) Avaliação da fertilidade do solo. Piracicaba, Instituto Internacional da Potassa. ; Xu et al., 2014Xu X, He P, Qiu S, Pampolino MF, Zhao S, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2014) Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research 163 10–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.01... , 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... ; Ziadi et al., 2012Ziadi N, Bélanger G, Claessens A (2012) Relationship between soil nitrate accumulation and in-season corn N nutrition indicators. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 92(2):331–339. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-086 https://doi.org/10.4141/cjps2011-086... )
Phosphorus	( Buresh et al., 2010Buresh RJ, Pampolino MF, Witt C (2010) Field-specific potassium and phosphorus balances and fertilizer requirements for irrigated rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil 335(1–2):35–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-... ; Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... ; Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... ; Hinsinger, 2001Hinsinger P (2001) Bioavailability of soil inorganic P in the rhizosphere as affected by root-induced chemical changes: a review. Plant and Soil 237(2): 173–195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013351617532 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1013351617532... ; Johnston et al., 2014Johnston AE, Poulton PR, Fixen PE, Curtin D (2014) Phosphorus: (177–228) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420225-2.00005-4 https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420225... ; Lambert et al., 2007Lambert DM, Lowenberg-DeBoer J, Malzer G (2007) Managing phosphorous soil dynamics over space and time. Agricultural Economics 37(1): 43–53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00221.x https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007... ; Rehm et al., 2006Rehm G, Randall G, Lamb J, Eliason R (2006) Fertilizing corn in Minnesota. FO-0379O. St Paul, University of Minnesota. ; Shapiro et al., 2008Shapiro CA, Ferguson RB, Hergert GW, Dobermann A, Wortmann CS (2008) Fertilizer suggestions for corn. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Extension. ; Silva & Raij, 1999Silva FC da, Raij B Van (1999) Disponibilidade de fósforo em solos avaliada por diferentes extratores. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 34(2): 267–288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X1999000200016 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-204X199900... ; Wong et al., 2001Wong MTF, Corner RJ, Cook SE (2001) A decision support system for mapping the site-specific potassium requirement of wheat in the field. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41(5):655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191... ; Xu et al., 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... )
Potassium	( Buresh et al., 2010Buresh RJ, Pampolino MF, Witt C (2010) Field-specific potassium and phosphorus balances and fertilizer requirements for irrigated rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil 335(1–2):35–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-... ; Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... ; Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... ; Rehm et al., 2006Rehm G, Randall G, Lamb J, Eliason R (2006) Fertilizing corn in Minnesota. FO-0379O. St Paul, University of Minnesota. ; Shapiro et al., 2008Shapiro CA, Ferguson RB, Hergert GW, Dobermann A, Wortmann CS (2008) Fertilizer suggestions for corn. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Extension. ; Wong et al., 2001Wong MTF, Corner RJ, Cook SE (2001) A decision support system for mapping the site-specific potassium requirement of wheat in the field. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41(5):655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191... ; Xu et al., 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... )

Authors	Nitrogen Fertilizer Recommendation Methods	Crop
( Xu et al., 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... )	$F e r t i l i z e r N = \frac{Y R_{N}}{A E_{N}}$	Maize
( Olfs et al., 2005Olfs H-W, Blankenau K, Brentrup F, Jasper J, Link A, Lammel J (2005) Soil- and plant-based nitrogen-fertilizer recommendations in arable farming. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168(4): 414–431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526... ; Xu et al., 2014Xu X, He P, Qiu S, Pampolino MF, Zhao S, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2014) Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research 163 10–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.01... )	$A N N M = N_{p l a n t (H)} + N_{min (H)} - N_{p l a n t (V)} - N_{min (V)}$	Wheat
( Olfs et al., 2005Olfs H-W, Blankenau K, Brentrup F, Jasper J, Link A, Lammel J (2005) Soil- and plant-based nitrogen-fertilizer recommendations in arable farming. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 168(4): 414–431. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200520526... ; Xu et al., 2014Xu X, He P, Qiu S, Pampolino MF, Zhao S, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2014) Estimating a new approach of fertilizer recommendation across small-holder farms in China. Field Crops Research 163 10–17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.014 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2014.04.01... )	$A N L (N_{l o s s}) = A N M + N_{f e r t i l i z e r} + N_{i n i t i a l} - N_{u p t a k e} - N_{i n i t i a l}$	Wheat
( Hoeft & Peck, 1998Hoeft RG, Peck TR (1998) Illinois Agronomy Handbook. Illinois, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Agricultural. )	$F e r t i l i z e r N = (T Y B \times 1.2 l b \frac{N}{b u s h e l}) - l e g u m e N - m a n u r e N - i n c i d e n t a l$	Maize
( Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... )	$N_r a t e_{i} = 3.3923 \times Y i e l d_e x p_{i} - 2.1481 \times N_{l e a f i} + 86.9155$	Orange
( Shapiro et al., 2008Shapiro CA, Ferguson RB, Hergert GW, Dobermann A, Wortmann CS (2008) Fertilizer suggestions for corn. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Extension. )	$\begin{matrix} N n e e d (l b / a c) = [35 + (1.2 \times E Y) - 8 \times N O_{3} - N p p m) - 0.14 \times E Y \times \\ O M) - o t h e r N c r e d i t s] \times P r i c e_{a d j} \times T i m i n g_{a d j} \end{matrix}$	Maize
( Rehm et al., 2006Rehm G, Randall G, Lamb J, Eliason R (2006) Fertilizing corn in Minnesota. FO-0379O. St Paul, University of Minnesota. )	$N = 1.2 \times Y G - N O_{3} - o t h e r N c r e d i t s$	Maize
( Coelho et al., 1992Coelho AM, Franca GE de, Bahia Filho AFC, Guedes GAA, (1992) Doses e métodos de aplicação de fertilizantes nitrogenados na cultura do milho sob irrigação. Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 16: 61-67. )	$N_{f} = N_{y} - N_{s} / E_{f}$	Maize
( Pierce & Nowak, 1999Pierce FJ, Nowak P (1999) Aspects of Precision Agriculture, p1-85. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60513-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0065-2113(08)60... )	$N_{j} = [G_{w} \times \frac{1}{\frac{N_{f}}{N_{a v}} \times \frac{N_{a v}}{N_{s}} \times \frac{G_{w}}{N_{t}}}] - (N_{m i n} + N_{i n})$	Multiple crops
( Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... )	$N = (Y \times S N R_{Y} \times F_{S N S}) \pm C$	Wheat

Authors	Recommendation Methods	Crop
( Raun et al., 2002Raun WR, Solie JB, Johnson G V., Stone ML, Mullen RW, Freeman KW, Thomason WE, Lukina E V (2002) Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Cereal Grain Production with Optical Sensing and Variable Rate Application. Agronomy Journal 94(4): 815–820. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.8150 https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.8150... )	$F N R = (G N U P - F N U P) / 0.70$	Wheat
( Ma et al., 2014Ma B-L, Wu T-Y, Shang J (2014) On-farm comparison of variable rates of nitrogen with uniform application to maize on canopy reflectance, soil nitrate, and grain yield. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 177(2): 216–226. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201200338 https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201200338... )	$N_{o p t} = \frac{(N_{m a x} - N_{m i n})}{exp (\frac{S I_{m a x} - S I_{m i n}}{β})} x (1 - exp (\frac{S I - S I_{m i n}}{β}) + N_{m a x})$	Maize

Authors	Phosphate Fertilizer Recommendation Methods	Crop
( Xu et al., 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... )	$P_{2} O_{5} = (\frac{Y R_{P} \times R I E_{P}}{R E_{P}} + A Y \times R I E_{P} \times R I_{P} \times X_{G} %) \times 2.292$	Maize
( Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... )	$P_{2} O_{5 i} = 2.0994 \times Y i e l d_e x p_{i} - 2.0375 \times P_{s o i l i} + 46.8327$	Orange
( Shapiro et al., 2008Shapiro CA, Ferguson RB, Hergert GW, Dobermann A, Wortmann CS (2008) Fertilizer suggestions for corn. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Extension. )	$\begin{matrix} P_{2} O_{5} = (25 - B r a y P p p m) \times 4 \times 1.1209 \\ P_{2} O_{5} = (17 - B r a y P p p m) \times 6 \times 1.1209 \end{matrix}$	Continuous maize Maize after soybean
( Rehm et al., 2006Rehm G, Randall G, Lamb J, Eliason R (2006) Fertilizing corn in Minnesota. FO-0379O. St Paul, University of Minnesota. )	$\begin{matrix} P_{2} O_{5} = [0.7 - 0.035 \times (B r a y P p p m)] \times E Y \\ P_{2} O_{5} = [0.7 - 0.044 \times (O l s e n P p p m)] \times E Y \end{matrix}$	Maize
( Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... )	$P_{2} O_{5} = (Y \times {SNR}_{Y} \times F_{S N S}) + C$	Multiple crops
( Buresh et al., 2010Buresh RJ, Pampolino MF, Witt C (2010) Field-specific potassium and phosphorus balances and fertilizer requirements for irrigated rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil 335(1–2):35–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-... )	$P_{2} O_{5} = (G Y - G Y_{0 P}) \times R I E_{P} / R E_{P})$	Rice

Authors	Potassium Fertilizer Recommendation Methods	Crop
( Shapiro et al., 2008Shapiro CA, Ferguson RB, Hergert GW, Dobermann A, Wortmann CS (2008) Fertilizer suggestions for corn. University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Extension. )	$K_{2} O = [125 - K_{s o i l} (ppm) K] * 1.12; se K < 125$	Maize
( Xu et al., 2017Xu X, He P, Zhang J, Pampolino MF, Johnston AM, Zhou W (2017) Spatial variation of attainable yield and fertilizer requirements for maize at the regional scale in China. Field Crops Research 203 8–15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.013 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.11.01... )	$K_{2} O = ((\frac{Y R_{K} \times R I E_{K}}{R E_{k}}) + A Y \times (R I E_{K} \times H I_{K} \times 100 % + R I E_{K} \times (1 - H I_{K}) \times X_{S} %) \times 1.205$	Maize
( Colaço & Molin, 2017Colaço AF, Molin JP (2017) Variable rate fertilization in citrus: a long term study. Precision Agriculture 18(2):169–191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-016-9454-... )	$K_{2} O_{i} = 2.8591 \times Y i e l d e x p_{i} - 49.2072 \times K_{s o i l i} + 91.7240$	Orange
( Wong et al., 2001Wong MTF, Corner RJ, Cook SE (2001) A decision support system for mapping the site-specific potassium requirement of wheat in the field. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 41(5):655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191 https://doi.org/10.1071/EA00191... )	$K_{2} O = 0.95 - 2.6 e x p^{- 0.095 K_{0}}$	Multiple crops
( Rehm et al., 2006Rehm G, Randall G, Lamb J, Eliason R (2006) Fertilizing corn in Minnesota. FO-0379O. St Paul, University of Minnesota. )	$K_{2} O = [0.166 - 0.0073 \times K_{s o i l} (ppm) K] \times EY$	Maize
( Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... )	$K_{2} O = (Y \times {SNR}_{Y} \times F_{S N S}) + C$	Multiple crops
( Buresh et al., 2010Buresh RJ, Pampolino MF, Witt C (2010) Field-specific potassium and phosphorus balances and fertilizer requirements for irrigated rice-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil 335(1–2):35–64. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-010-0441-... )	$K_{2} O = (G Y - G Y_{0 K}) \times \frac{R I E_{K}}{R E_{K}}$	Rice

Software	Developer
Nutrient Expert	( Pampolino et al., 2012Pampolino MF, Witt C, Pasuquin JM, Johnston A, Fisher MJ (2012) Development approach and evaluation of the Nutrient Expert software for nutrient management in cereal crops. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 88 103–110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.07.007 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2012.07... )
RISSAC-RIA	( Csathó et al., 2009Csathó P, Árendás T, Fodor N, Németh T (2009) Evaluation of Different Fertilizer Recommendation Systems on Various Soils and Crops in Hungary. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 40(11–12):1689–1711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00103620902895797 https://doi.org/10.1080/0010362090289579... )
Nutrient Manager for Rice	( IRRI, 2010IRRI (2010) Nutrient management decision tools. (p. 190) )
SST Summit	( Aytasheva et al., 2014Aytasheva ZG, Polischyuk E V, Bykova CS, Baiseyitova SK, Polimbetova FA (2014) Computational planting management in developing bean and pumpkin collections. International Journal of Biology and Chemistry 7(1):3–8. )
QUEFTS	( Janssen et al.,1990Janssen BH, Guiking FCT, van der Eijk D, Smaling EMA, Wolf J, van Reuler H (1990) A system for quantitative evaluation of the fertility of tropical soils (QUEFTS). Geoderma 46(4): 299–318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)90021-Z https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7061(90)900... )

[1] * Corresponding author. Western Paraná State University / Cascavel - PR, Brazil. E-mail: marlon.rodrig@hotmail.com

Brasil

Brasil

FERTILIZER RECOMMENDATION METHODS FOR PRECISION AGRICULTURE – A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE STUDY

ABSTRACT