Volatile compounds from turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) cultived in Brazil were isolated by solid phase microextraction. The rhizomes were cooked in 0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution, sliced, dried and ground. Polydimethyldiloxanes fibers (100 mm diameter) were exposed to the headspace of 10 mL flasks with the aim of establishing an ideal microextraction system. The influence of the following parameters on the volatile substances obtained was studied: powder samples (0.1 to 1.0 g) and dissolved samples (40 mg/L), different temperatures (40 to 70ºC) and partition periods (2 to 20 min). The effect of temperature (210 to 240ºC) and time (3 to 5 min) on desorption efficiency was also evaluated. Optimum conditions for the partition of the volatiles were 0.1 g of powder sample, 70ºC and 5 min. A temperature of 220ºC and a 5 min period were of better efficiency for desorption. Gas chromatography was performed using capillary column and flame ionization detector. The eluates were identified by mass spectrometry. The mass spectra obtained for the predominant volatile compounds indicated the presence of ar-curcumene, ar-tumerone, zingeberene, beta-sesquiphellandrene, sabinene, 1,8-cineol and 1,4-terpineol.
Curcuma longa; volatile compounds; SPME; GC; GC-MS
