Evaluation of oxidative stability of new cold-pressed sunflower oils during accelerated thermal stability tests

LUŽAIĆ, Tanja Z.; GRAHOVAC, Nada L.; HLADNI, Nada T.; ROMANIĆ, Ranko S.

doi:10.1590/fst.67320

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Original Article • Food Sci. Technol (Campinas) 42 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.67320 copy

Evaluation of oxidative stability of new cold-pressed sunflower oils during accelerated thermal stability tests

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Refined sunflower oil has dissimilar shelf life compared to cold-pressed sunflower oil, which increases the use of refined oil, and it is more abundant in the diet. On the other hand, the production of cold-pressed oils does not require chemical processing. Moreover, these oils contain significant amounts of bioactive components with a beneficial health effect. Breeders are trying to create new sunflower hybrids for the production of cold-pressed oil with improved oxidative characteristics. This study aims to examine the rancidity of 24 cold-pressed sunflower oils of new hybrids under accelerated thermal stability test conditions (Rancimat and Schaal oven tests) and to compare the obtained results with refined sunflower oil. According to investigated oxidative parameters, the most similar to refined sunflower oil was the H20 sample with the induction period determined by the Rancimat test of 9.55 ± 0.00 h, compared to 9.49 ± 0.00 h, obtained in refined sunflower oil. The total oxidation value of the H20 sample amounted to 3.26 ± 0.12, while in refined sunflower oil this value was 2.12 ± 1.73.

Keywords:
sunflower oil; schaal oven test; rancimat test; iodine value; principal component analysis

Hybrid	PV [mmol kg^-1]			p-AnV			TOTOX
Hybrid	0^th day	4^th day	8^th day	0^th day	4^th day	8^th day	0^th day	4^th day	8^th day
H1	3.44 ± 0.02^mA	24.88 ± 2.45^cdB	56.33 ± 4.89^cdefC	1.19 ± 0.29^abcdA	1.67 ± 0.29^efghA	2.16 ± 0.58^defghA	8.07 ± 0.31^hA	51.43 ± 4.75^deB	114.82 ± 10.09^cdeC
H2	1.85 ± 0.02^dA	17.75 ± 1.95^bcB	47.41 ± 3.12^cC	0.23 ± 0.02^abA	0.66 ± 0.04^abcA	4.00 ± 0.34^klB	3.94 ± 0.01^bcA	36.16 ± 3.94^bcB	98.82 ± 5.90^cC
H3	2.45 ± 0.03^gA	30.44 ± 3.24^defghB	65.19 ± 4.42^defghiC	0.26 ± 0.02^abA	0.69 ± 0.04^abcdB	1.76 ± 0.06^bcdefgC	5.17 ± 0.07^defA	61.57 ± 6.52^defgB	132.14 ± 8.78^defgC
H4	6.93 ± 0.06^rA	36.99 ± 4.67^ghijB	76.39 ± 6.24^hiC	1.27 ± 0.07^bcdA	4.02 ± 0.18^kB	4.60 ± 0.20^klC	15.13 ± 0.05^kA	78.00 ± 9.16^ijB	157.38 ± 12.68^gC
H5	1.74 ± 0.01^cdA	25.86 ± 1.59^deB	69.35 ± 3.98^fghiC	0.07 ± 0.04^aA	0.07 ± 0.02^aA	1.72 ± 0.20^abcdefgB	3.55 ± 0.04^bA	51.79 ± 3.17^deB	140.42 ± 8.16^efgC
H6	2.55 ± 0.03^ghA	31.62 ± 4.22^defghiB	131.88 ± 9.45^jC	0.05 ± 0.02^aA	1.01 ± 0.04^bcdefB	3.59 ± 0.20^ijkC	5.15 ± 0.06^defA	64.25 ± 8.40^efghiB	267.35 ± 19.10^hC
H7	2.03 ± 0.02^eA	24.07 ± 1.87^cdB	59.45 ± 3.24^cdefgC	0.17 ± 0.02^abA	2.58 ± 0.10^ijB	4.10 ± 0.85^jkC	4.23 ± 0.06^bcdA	50.72 ± 3.84^cdeB	123.00 ± 7.33^cdefC
H8	1.90 ± 0.01^deA	27.45 ± 3.24^defB	71.67 ± 4.78^ghiC	0.09 ± 0.02^aA	1.32 ± 0.07^cdefgB	2.29 ± 0.14^efghC	3.89 ± 0.04^bcA	56.22 ± 6.55^defgB	145.63 ± 9.70^fgC
H9	3.13 ± 0.02^lA	37.51 ± 5.23^hijB	70.93 ± 7.82^ghiC	1.26 ± 0.09^bcdA	2.29 ± 0.51^ijB	7.79 ± 0.07^mC	7.52 ± 0.12^hA	77.31 ± 10.73^hijB	149.65 ± 15.68^fgC
H10	3.98 ± 0.05^oA	29.85 ± 1.00^defgB	54.70 ± 4.10^cdeC	1.52 ± 0.34^cdA	2.02 ± 0.26^ghiA	6.56 ± 0.04^mB	9.48 ± 0.31^iA	61.72 ± 1.89^defgB	115.97 ± 8.16^cdeC
H11	3.02 ± 0.03^klA	28.08 ± 1.03^defB	66.34 ± 5.23^defghiC	0.19 ± 0.03^abA	0.33 ± 0.02^abB	0.46 ± 0.04^aC	6.24 ± 0.03^fgA	56.49 ± 2.03^defgB	133.14 ± 10.43^defgC
H12	3.67 ± 0.02^nA	34.88 ± 1.88^fghijB	70.90 ± 5.03^fghiC	0.76 ± 0.04^abcA	0.83 ± 0.03^bcdA	2.32 ± 0.12^ghiB	8.10 ± 0.08^hA	70.60 ± 3.78^ghijB	144.12 ± 10.18^efgC
H13	4.57 ± 0.04^pA	26.05 ± 2.10^deB	52.49 ± 2.96^cdC	0.85 ± 0.04^abcA	0.90 ± 0.02^bcdA	1.02 ± 0.02^abcdeB	9.99 ± 0.04^iA	53.00 ± 4.22^defB	106.00 ± 5.94^cdC
H14	3.12 ± 0.03^lA	28.55 ± 1.66^defB	63.25 ± 4.04^defghiC	0.68 ± 0.03^abcA	0.89 ± 0.02^bcdB	0.95 ± 0.03^abcdB	6.92 ± 0.08^ghA	57.99 ± 3.29^defgB	127.45 ± 8.10^cdefC
H15	1.79 ± 0.03^dA	24.14 ± 1.19^cdB	62.58 ± 2.97^defghC	0.53 ± 0.03^abcA	0.66 ± 0.04^abcB	0.78 ± 0.04^abcC	4.11 ± 0.08^bcdA	48.93 ± 2.38^cdB	125.93 ± 5.97^cdefC
H16	2.80 ± 0.05^iA	29.27 ± 3.36^defB	65.35 ± 4.14^defghiC	0.61 ± 0.03^abcA	0.85 ± 0.02^bcdB	1.03 ± 0.03^abcdefC	6.21 ± 0.07^fgA	59.38 ± 6.70^defgB	131.72 ± 8.25^defgC
H17	2.87 ± 0.03^jkA	31.13 ± 1.33^defghB	72.88 ± 6.07^ghiC	0.52 ± 0.02^abcA	0.56 ± 0.05^abA	1.60 ± 0.02^abcdefgB	6.27 ± 0.03^fgA	62.82 ± 2.62^defghB	147.36 ± 12.12^fgC
H18	2.20 ± 0.02^fA	30.85 ± 2.96^defghB	67.56 ± 5.45^efghiC	0.47 ± 0.06^abcA	0.83 ± 0.03^bcdA	2.44 ± 0.64^ghijB	4.86 ± 0.03^cdeA	62.53 ± 5.93^defghB	137.56 ± 10.60^efgC
H19	2.60 ± 0.09^ghA	33.28 ± 0.61^efghijB	77.26 ± 4.20^iC	0.73 ± 0.20^abcA	1.33 ± 0.63^cdefgA	3.63 ± 0.62^jkB	5.93 ± 0.17^efgA	67.88 ± 1.50^fghijB	158.15 ± 9.02^gC
H20	1.59 ± 0.06^cA	12.61 ± 0.04^bB	30.32 ± 0.03^bC	0.08 ± 0.01^aA	0.35 ± 0.05^abB	2.05 ± 0.01^cdefghC	3.26 ± 0.12^bA	25.56 ± 0.04^bB	62.69 ± 0.05^bC
H21	0.36 ± 0.01^aA	2.37 ± 0.29^aB	4.85 ± 0.17^aC	0.57 ± 0.01^abcA	0.59 ± 0.30^abA	0.65 ± 0.43^abA	1.30 ± 0.02^aA	5.33 ± 0.30^aB	10.36 ± 0.77^aC
H22	5.68 ± 0.14^qA	40.74 ± 1.35^jB	76.81 ± 0.31^hiC	0.70 ± 0.32^abcA	1.39 ± 0.13^defghA	4.04 ± 0.87^klB	12.06 ± 0.59^jA	82.88 ± 2.57^jB	157.66 ± 1.48^gC
H23	2.67 ± 0.03^hiA	38.78 ± 0.87^ijB	64.97 ± 4.12^defghiC	0.96 ± 0.06^abcA	1.70 ± 0.36^fghA	7.77 ± 1.02^mB	6.31 ± 0.10^fgA	79.26 ± 1.38^ijB	137.71 ± 9.26^efgC
H24	1.60 ± 0.14^cA	28.94 ± 0.44^defB	66.33 ± 4.12^defghiC	0.65 ± 0.01^abcA	0.95 ± 0.02^bcdeA	3.30 ± 0.28^hijkB	3.85 ± 0.28^bcA	58.83 ± 0.89^defgB	135.96 ± 8.38^efgC
RSO	1.12 ± 0.02^bA	2.99 ± 0.38^aA	7.39 ± 1.55^aB	2.12 ± 1.73^dA	2.88 ± 0.43^jAB	5.02 ± 0.11^lB	4.37 ± 1.72^bcdA	8.86 ± 0.35^aA	19.80 ± 3.00^aB

Hybrid	CD			CT
Hybrid	0^th day	4^th day	8^th day	0^th day	4^th day	8^th day
H1	5.66 ± 0.10^kA	11.74 ± 2.30^cdefB	16.24 ± 3.25^defB	0.49 ± 0.02^hijA	0.49 ± 0.02^defA	0.52 ± 0.02^abcdeA
H2	6.65 ± 0.20^lmnA	11.31 ± 1.84^cdefB	15.46 ± 1.54^defC	0.38 ± 0.02^fgA	0.52 ± 0.02^efgB	0.49 ± 0.02^abcdB
H3	6.77 ± 0.13^lmnA	13.98 ± 2.58^cdefB	19.74 ± 2.44^efC	0.33 ± 0.01^cdefA	0.45 ± 0.03^cdefB	0.57 ± 0.07^bcdeC
H4	8.81 ± 0.31^pA	16.13 ± 3.54^fB	20.42 ± 3.21^efB	0.68 ± 0.05^lA	0.79 ± 0.08^iAB	0.88 ± 0.08^fB
H5	3.15 ± 0.04^efgA	8.33 ± 0.87^bcB	17.03 ± 2.01^efC	0.36 ± 0.03^defA	0.37 ± 0.03^abcdA	0.39 ± 0.01^abcA
H6	7.34 ± 0.10^oA	15.24 ± 2.65^efB	18.81 ± 2.27^efB	0.53 ± 0.05^jkA	0.57 ± 0.06^fghA	0.57 ± 0.02^bcdeA
H7	6.57 ± 0.02^lA	15.19 ± 3.21^efB	19.76 ± 1.98^efB	0.41 ± 0.02^fghiA	0.52 ± 0.02^efgB	0.66 ± 0.03^defC
H8	6.91 ± 0.11^nA	16.96 ± 3.41^fB	19.50 ± 1.96^efB	0.61 ± 0.05^klA	0.65 ± 0.05^hA	0.75 ± 0.01^efB
H9	6.61 ± 0.02^lmA	24.17 ± 4.19^gB	20.42 ± 2.41^efB	0.41 ± 0.10^fghiA	0.78 ± 0.10^iB	1.19 ± 0.09^gC
H10	4.02 ± 0.0^1jA	12.94 ± 0.01^cdefB	18.81 ± 1.03^efC	0.54 ± 0.03^jkA	1.00 ± 0.01^jB	1.22 ± 0.01^gC
H11	3.59 ± 0.08^hiA	9.24 ± 1.52^bcdeB	16.88 ± 1.45^efC	0.41 ± 0.03^fghiA	0.46 ± 0.01^cdefB	0.50 ± 0.01^abcdB
H12	6.86 ± 0.05^mnA	14.72 ± 2.56^defB	20.09 ± 2.69^efC	0.50 ± 0.02^ijA	0.62 ± 0.01^ghB	0.66 ± 0.01^defC
H13	3.36 ± 0.06^fghA	11.94 ± 1.56^cdefB	10.27 ± 0.85^cdB	0.40 ± 0.02^fghA	0.46 ± 0.05^cdefA	0.69 ± 0.09^defB
H14	3.60 ± 0.04^hiA	11.31 ± 1.91^cdefB	18.57 ± 2.45^efC	0.38 ± 0.02^efA	0.47 ± 0.01^cdefB	0.51 ± 0.03^abcdeB
H15	2.98 ± 0.04^eA	8.99 ± 0.92^bcdB	19.16 ± 1.58^efC	0.27 ± 0.01^bcdA	0.46 ± 0.04^cdefB	0.52 ± 0.04^abcdeB
H16	3.42 ± 0.02^ghiA	9.44 ± 1.02^bcdeB	18.29 ± 2.03^efC	0.23 ± 0.01^bA	0.28 ± 0.00^aB	0.32 ± 0.02^abC
H17	3.15 ± 0.02^efgA	11.65 ± 0.01^cdefB	20.05 ± 0.01^efC	0.37 ± 0.01^efA	0.54 ± 0.03^efghB	0.57 ± 0.04^bcdeB
H18	3.68 ± 0.01^iA	9.22 ± 0.02^bcdeB	21.28 ± 0.01^fC	0.28 ± 0.01^bcdeA	0.42 ± 0.01^bcdeB	0.61 ± 0.01^cdeC
H19	2.99 ± 0.04^eA	4.60 ± 0.87^abA	19.18 ± 2.60^efB	0.27 ± 0.01^bcdA	0.36 ± 0.01^abcA	0.62 ± 0.07^cdeB
H20	2.17 ± 0.02^cA	4.37 ± 0.84^abA	8.75 ± 1.54^bcB	0.13 ± 0.01^aA	0.30 ± 0.01^abB	0.31 ± 0.01^aB
H21	1.44 ± 0.01^bA	1.97 ± 0.45^aA	2.51 ± 0.61^aA	0.21 ± 0.02^abA	0.28 ± 0.01^aB	0.29 ± 0.01^aB
H22	3.57 ± 0.04^hiA	4.80 ± 0.75^abA	16.73 ± 2.44^efB	0.23 ± 0.01^bA	0.37 ± 0.08^abcA	1.39 ± 0.15^ghB
H23	3.13 ± 0.03^efA	3.50 ± 0.43^abA	10.43 ± 0.03^cdB	0.32 ± 0.01^ghijA	0.48 ± 0.03^abA	1.70 ± 0.24^iB
H24	2.61 ± 0.02^dA	3.72 ± 0.74^abA	14.98 ± 2.39^deB	0.25 ± 0.01^bcA	0.31 ± 0.01^abA	1.55 ± 0.13^hiB
RSO	0.49 ± 0.01^aA	2.11 ± 0.36^aB	3.28 ± 0.32^abC	0.49 ± 0.01^hijA	0.54 ± 0.03^efghA	1.71 ± 0.15^iB

Parameter		IV	IP
IP		-0.96^ statistically significant at p ˂ 0.001.	1**
PV	0^th day	0.51**	-0.52**
	4^th day	0.80**	-0.83**
	8^th day	0.67**	-0.69**
p-AnV	0^th day	-0.14	0.15
	4^th day	-0.05	0.06
	8^th day	0.04	-0.03
TOTOX	0^th day	0.44**	-0.46**
	4^th day	0.80**	-0.83**
	8^th day	0.67**	-0.70**
CD	0^th day	0.31^* * statistically significant at p < 0.01;	-0.34*
	4^th day	0.32*	-0.36*
	8^th day	0.72**	-0.75**
CT	0^th day	0.16	-0.16
	4^th day	0.14	-0.16
	8^th day	0.00	0.03

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[1] *Corresponding author: rankor@uns.ac.rs