Comparative studies on the structure, biological activity and molecular mechanisms of polysaccharides from Craterellus cornucopioide (CC-M) and Dictyophora indusiata (Vent.ex Pers) Fisch (DI-Z)

Abstract

In this study, two new polysaccharides were extracted from the fruiting bodies of Craterellus cornucopioide and Dictyophora indusiata (Vent.ex Pers) Fisch, respectively. The results showed that CC-M was composed of Xyl: Glc: Gal in a ratio of 2:5:4. The CC-M takes 1,6-glucose and 1,6-galactose as skeletons, extends a branched chain from galactose 2-O to connect 1,3,4-xylose, and connects β-4-glucose terminal monosaccharide to xylose. DI-Z was also composed of Xyl: Glc: Gal in the ratio of 2:6:5, which takes 1,6-glucose and 1,6-galactose as skeletons, extends a branched chain from galactose 2-O to connect 1,4-xylose and β-4-glucose as terminal group. The results of immunoactivity showed that CC-M and DI-Z have the proliferation activity of B cells, T cells and RAW264.7 cells in vitro, and the effect of CC-M on the proliferation of immune cells was higher than that of DI-Z. In addition, CC-M could significantly promote the secretion of TNF - α, IL-6, IL-1 β, IL-10 and CD163 and enhance the phagocytic ability of RAW264.7 cells. The results of RNA-sequencing showed that CC-M exerted its proliferative activity and immunoregulatory activity on RAW264.7 cells through the interaction of MAPK signaling pathway, NOD like receptor signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway.

Keywords:
Craterellus cornucopioide; Dictyophora indusiata (Vent.ex Pers) Fisch; structure identification; immune activity; molecular mechanism