Functional properties, structural characteristics and biological activities of deer blood hydrolysates obtained by using different protease

LIU, Chang; HUANG, Juliang; HU, Yanbo; WU, Xiuli

doi:10.1590/fst.84722

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Food Science and Technology

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Original Article • Food Sci. Technol 42 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.84722 copy

Functional properties, structural characteristics and biological activities of deer blood hydrolysates obtained by using different protease

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential functional properties, structural characteristics and biological activities of the hydrolysates of deer blood obtained by using different protease. Deer blood hydrolysate treated by pepsin (DBH-P) and treated by alacase (DBH-A) showed higher degree of hydrolysis (DH) and smaller molecular weight (M_w). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), solubility, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), secondary structure, color properties, amino acids and antioxidant porperties. The results suggest that the type of protease used for the treatment significantly influences the functional properties, structural characteristics and biological activities of the resulting hydrolysates.

Keywords:
deer blood; hydrolysate; protease; structures; activities

Molecular weight (Da)	> 30 k	30 k-10 k	10 k-5 k	5 k-3 k	3 k-1 k	1 k-0.5 k	< 0.5 k
DB	0.02 + 0.00^a	66.59 + 0.55^a	0.27 + 0.03^a	0.34 + 0.01^a	2.02 + 0.01^a	18.97 + 0.06^a	11.82 + 1.09^a
DBH-P	0.01 + 0.00^a	4.84 + 0.23^b	27.82 + 1.21^b	31.32 + 1.22^b	19.82 + 0.98^b	13.62 + 0.32^b	2.58 + 0.04^b
DBH-T	0.00 + 0.00^a	64.00 + 1.25^c	5.48 + 0.51^c	5.62 + 0.11^c	8.70 + 0.06^c	5.12 + 0.31^c	11.09 + 0.75^a
DBH-A	0.00 + 0.00^a	5.41 + 0.15^d	0.00 + 0.00^d	26.41 + 1.25^d	36.88 + 1.01^d	25.42 + 1.11^d	5.88 + 0.02^c

Enzyme	β-sheet (%)	α-helical (%)	Random structure (%)	β-turn (%)	β-sheet + α-hilical (%)
DB	15.77 + 0.02^a	13.09 + 0.16^a	13.25 + 0.02^a	57.88 + 0.43^a	28.86 + 0.22^a
DB-P	17.26 + 0.23^b	12.57 + 0.11^b	11.72 + 0.02^b	58.45 + 0.28^a	29.83 + 0.12^b
DB-T	26.57 + 0.18^c	19.63 + 0.02^c	-	53.80 + 0.25^b	46.20 + 0.54^c
DB-A	21.72 + 0.09^d	19.54 + 0.33^c	16.76 + 0.02^c	41.97 + 1.06^c	41.26 + 0.02^d

	Color L value	Color a value	Color b value
DB	42.49 ± 0.24^a	4.15 ± 0.59^a	6.11 ± 0.87^a
DB-P	65.94 ± 0.61^b	4.99 ± 0.20^a	10.85 ± 0.10^b
DB-T	51.87 ± 0.13^c	6.03 ± 0.64^b	10.97 ± 0.17^b
DB-A	57.38 ± 0.80^d	7.84 ± 0.40^c	11.69 ± 0.12^c

Amino acids	DB	DBH-P	DBH-T	DBH-A
Asp	114.59 ± 0.08^a	113.80 ± 0.05^a	110.84 ± 0.08^b	113.07 ± 0.06^a
^Thr Essenial amino acids.	54.29 ± 0.04^a	58.50 ± 0.02^b	57.92 ± 0.06^b	60.45 ± 0.08^c
Ser	46.42 ± 0.03^a	50.20 ± 0.04^b	49.22 ± 0.01^b	48.82 ± 0.01^b
Glu	146.71 ± 0.08^a	92.92 ± 0.05^bd	130.09 ± 0.14^c	92.57 ± 0.03^d
Gly	39.37 ± 0.02^a	46.52 ± 0.01^b	43.12 ± 0.05^c	41.11 ± 0.07^d
^#Ala # Hydrophobic amino acids.	68.38 ± 0.09^a	84.73 ± 0.03^b	77.72 ± 0.03^c	85.09 ± 0.01^d
Cys	13.05 ± 0.01^a	7.71 ± 0.01^b	12.21 ± 0.02^c	6.79 ± 0.01^d
^*,#Val	69.21 ± 0.05^a	76.66 ± 0.09^b	72.72 ± 0.08^c	78.41 ± 0.11^d
^*,#Met	2.28 ± 0.02^a	1.78 ± 0.01^b	0.74 ± 0.00^c	3.45 ± 0.01^d
^*,#Ile	28.60 ± 0.01^a	10.09 ± 0.06^bd	24.61 ± 0.01^c	10.59 ± 0.08^d
^*,#Leu	116.45 ± 0.10^a	119.73 ± 0.12^b	111.95 ± 0.06^c	127.81 ± 0.02^d
^#Tyr	30.46 ± 0.04^a	25.75 ± 0.08^bd	29.79 ± 0.02^c	24.87 ± 0.06^d
^*,#Phe	61.96 ± 0.07^ac	66.81 ± 0.09^b	61.62 ± 0.05^c	71.04 ± 0.09^d
*Lys	76.67 ± 0.01^a	90.07 ± 0.10^bd	84.94 ± 0.06^c	90.50 ± 0.04^d
*His	41.23 ± 0.00^a	64.20 ± 0.05^b	44.60 ± 0.04^c	62.52 ± 0.01^d
Arg	48.49 ± 0.06^a	47.70 ± 0.01^a	43.30 ± 0.07^b	41.91 ± 0.03^c
^#Pro	41.86 ± 0.03^ad	42.84 ± 0.02^b	44.60 ± 0.01^c	40.99 ± 0.08^d
*Essential amino acids	450.68 ± 0.28^a	487.84 ± 0.36^b	459.10 ± 0.26^c	504.78 ± 0.35^d
^#hydrophobic amino acids	419.19 ± 0.34^a	428.38 ± 0.29^b	423.76 ± 0.33^c	442.26 ± 0.21^d
Total amino acids	1000	1000	1000	1000

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[1] *Corresponding author: 395113875@qq.com