Evaluate the effect of licorice on anti-liver fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

CHEN, Li-Ping; WU, Xiao-Qian; ZHANG, Zi-Li; WANG, Ling; ZHANG, Feng; ZHENG, Shi-Zhong; KONG, De-Song

doi:10.1590/fst.103321

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Food Science and Technology

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Original Article • Food Sci. Technol 42 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.103321 copy

Evaluate the effect of licorice on anti-liver fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Abstract

To investigate the effect of licorice on anti-liver fibrosis actions, we present systematic review and meta-analysis via systematic literature between 2010 and 2020 from the electronic databases, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI. A software program (Endnote X8) has been utilized for managing the electronic titles. Searches were performed with mesh terms. Mean differences between two groups (Glycyrrhizic acid and control group) with 95% confidence interval (CI), fixed effect model and Inverse-variance method were calculated. Random effects were used to deal with potential heterogeneity and I² showed heterogeneity. The Meta analysis and forest plots have been evaluated with the Stata V16. A total of 184 potentially relevant titles and abstracts were found during the electronic and manual search. Finally, a total of four publications fulfilled the inclusion criteria required for this systematic review. TGF-β1 mRNA expression significantly decreased following Glycyrrhizic acid relative to the control group and Glycyrrhizic acid significantly decreased expression of TGF-β1 mRNA, which was about 2.90 times that in the control group. Mean difference between Glycyrrhizic acid and control group was -18.12 U/L (MD, -18.12 U/L 95% CI 30.02 U/L, -6.22 U/L. P = 0.00). Glycyrrhizic acid reduced TGF-β1, Smads mRNAs, hypdroxyproline, alanine aminotransferase.

Keywords:
licorice; glycyrrhizic acid; liver fibrosis

Study years	Animals	Drugs	Sample size		Liver fibrosis and treatment
Study years	Animals	Drugs	Control group	GA group	Liver fibrosis and treatment
Zhou et al. (2016)Zhou, Y., Tong, X., Ren, S., Wang, X., Chen, J., Mu, Y., Sun, M., Chen, G., Zhang, H., & Liu, P. (2016). Synergistic anti-liver fibrosis actions of total astragalus saponins and glycyrrhizic acid via TGF-β1/Smads signaling pathway modulation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 190, 83-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.011. PMid:27282665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.... (4)	Wistar male rats	GA (purity: 95%, Batch NO: ZL20141011GCS)	2	4	Liver fibrosis was induced by intraperitoneal injection with 0.5% DMN in saline (2 mL/kg body weight) for three consecutive days per week for up to four weeks.
Liang et al. (2015)Liang, B., Guo, X. L., Jin, J., Ma, Y. C., & Feng, Z. Q. (2015). Glycyrrhizic acid inhibits apoptosis and fibrosis in carbon-tetrachloride-induced rat liver injury. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 21(17), 5271-5280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.5271. PMid:25954100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v21.i17.52... (16)	Male Sprague-Dawley rats	GA and α-smooth muscle actin (SMA) antibody were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St Louis, MO, United States).	15	15	Rats were also treated with a 40% solution of CCl4 by hypodermic injection at a dose of 3 mL/kg plus 0.2% GA solution in water (3 mL) by intraperitoneal injection three times weekly, beginning at the first week, following a previously published method. Rats in the control group were treated with the same is volumetric dose of olive oil and water. Animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection.
Qu et al. (2015)Qu, Y., Zong, L., Xu, M., Dong, Y., & Lu, L. (2015). Effects of 18α-glycyrrhizin on TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway in rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, 8(2), 1292-1301. PMid:25973013. (17)	Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats	Glycyrrhizin (GL)	8	12	Fibrosis was induced by subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mL/100 g CCl4 in olive oil twice weekly for 8 consecutive weeks (the first dose was doubled). In control group, olive oil was subcutaneously injected. In liver fibrosis group, animals were intraperitoneally treated with normal saline (NS).
Moro et al. (2008)Moro, T., Shimoyama, Y., Kushida, M., Hong, Y. Y., Nakao, S., Higashiyama, R., Sugioka, Y., Inoue, H., Okazaki, I., & Inagaki, Y. (2008). Glycyrrhizin and its metabolite inhibit Smad3-mediated type I collagen gene transcription and suppress experimental murine liver fibrosis. Life Sciences, 83(15-16), 531-539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2008.07.023. PMid:18771671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2008.07.... (18)	Transgenic mice harboring	GA	10	10	Sections prepared from the excised liver were subjected to Azan–Mallory staining.

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[1] *Corresponding author: kongds@njucm.edu.cn