Impacto econômico da leishmaniose cutânea localizada em pacientes adultos em um serviço de referência em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil

Correspondence
E. L. Galvão Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, MG 30190-001, Brasil. endilanza@yahoo.com.br

Contributors

E. L. Galvão participated in the conceptualization, formal analysis, methodology, writing the original draft and final approval of the version to be submitted. T. S. M. Assis contributed in the methodology, writing (review and editing) and final approval of the version to be submitted. M. J. Pedras participated in the investigation, methodology and final approval of the version to be submitted. G. F. Cota contributed in the supervision, methodology, writing (review and editing) and final approval of the version to be submitted. T. C. Simões collaborated in the supervision, methodology, review and editing of the article and final approval of the version to be submitted. A. Rabello participatde in the conceptualization, investigation, methodology, supervision, review and editing of thye article and final approval of the version to be submitted.

Additional informations

ORCID: Endi Lanza Galvão (0000-0002-5648-3932); Talia Santana Machado de Assis (0000-0002- 5682-2981); Mariana Junqueira Pedras (0000-0003-2494-6178); Gláucia Fernandes Cota (0000-0003-0538-7403); Taynãna César Simões (0000-0002-5849-343X); Ana Rabello (0000-0001-5821-4069).

Conflict of interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Characteristics	N = 100
Age (years)
18-30	26
31-42	25
43-58	26
59-81	23
Gender
Female	29
Male	71
Highest education level completed *
Primary education	54
Secondary education	27
Higher education	19
Occupation
Sellers or service providers	49
Rural workers	19
Health professionals	5
Public Servers	2
Retired or pensioners	14
Household workers	4
Students	3
Unemployed	2
Family income (USD) ^,*
0 -390.65	23
390.96-624.29	18
624.61-2,691.58	42
2,691.90-3,508.09	3
More than 3,508.41	3
Per capita income (USD) ^,*
0 -390.65	64
390.96-624.29	14
624.61-2,691.58	11
Region of origin
Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte	50
Countryside of the State of Minas Gerais	50
Absence from work due to CL
Yes	56
No	44
Hospitalization due to CL
Yes	9
No	81
Amount of residents in the same household
One	8
Two or three	51
Four or five	34
Six or more	7
Health insurance
Yes	38
No	62
Disease severity
Number of lesions
One lesion	69
More than two lesions	31
Lesion appearance
Ulcerative	83
Non-ulcerative	17
Therapy
Meglumine antimoniate Intralesional	52
Meglumine antimoniate Intravenous	48

	Mean	SD	Median	IQR	Maximum
Per capita income (USD)	347.39	326.41	259.60	120.71-467.29	1,557.63
Family income (USD)	1,012.07	979.15	778.81	373.83-1,093.45	4,984.42
Expenses with
Medical consultations	19.25	55.49	0.00	0.00-0.00	311.52
Health insurance co-participation	20.07	63.25	0.00	0.00-0.00	404.98
Medical examinations	15.80	37.33	0.00	0.00-6.23	218.06
Medications	28.23	52.43	0.00	0.00-31.15	311.52
Hospitalization	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00-0.00	0.00
Dressing materials	9.37	16.26	0.00	0.00-15.57	93.45
Transportation	51.15	63.76	31.15	0.00-71.65	311.52
Out-of-home meals	33.95	36.26	31.15	0.00-62.30	155.76
Caregiver for patient/children	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00-0.00	0.00
Domestic outsourcing	5.40	35.51	0.00	0.00-0.00	311.52
Business outsourcing	13.42	66.99	0.00	0.00-0.00	498.44
Total	187.32	184.62	125.38	51.40-291.27	834.89

Characteristics	Expenses with
	Medical appointments		Medical examinations		Medications		Transportation		Out-of-home meals
	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value
Gender
Male	24.85 (64.04)	0.357	17.68 (40.75)	0.514	25.14 (44.65)	0.708	52.72 (68.06)	0.941	34.55 (37.70)	0.921
Female	4.92 (15.21)		11.22 (27.46)		35.82 (68.32)		47.33 (52.81)		32.48 (33.11)
Age (years)
Up to 50	13.21 (45.47)	0.159	13.70 (36.65)	0.603	19.19 (48.28)	0.009 *	44.91 (53.02)	0.296	36.09 (37.00)	0.456
Over 50	29.33 (68.60)		19.28 (38.72)		43.52 (56.21)		62.03 (78.78)		30.37 (35.21)
Per capita income (BRL)
Up to 937.00	10.20 (35.01)	0.697	10.64 (30.41)	0.501	24.19 (45.73)	0.364	48.31 (55.90)	0.950	37.14 (37.81)	0.179
Over 937.00	26.65 (73.31)		21.76 (46.77)		24.71 (40.67)		58.36 (77.43)		27.78 (34.27)
Highest education level completed
Primary education or lower	23.09 (57.03)	0.419	18.57 (42.97)	0.784	25.85 (46.47)	0.971	43.76 (56.84)	0.215	38.71 (38.97)	0.443
Secondary school	12.93 (61.09)		13.64 (32.23)		28.57 (45.10)		43.97 (39.21)		27.78 (27.65)
Higher education	17.30 (43.03)		10.62 (24.77)		34.26 (75.25)		80.83 (95.87)		29.01 (38.36)
Distance traveled for diagnosis
Up to 30km	19.40 (62.04)	0.470	9.99 (21.67)	0.730	27.85 (43.41)	0.556	31.33 (31.21)	0.137	21.49 (33.77)	0.003*
Over 30km	19.17 (51.91)		19.30 (43.66)		28.43 (57.23)		62.53 (74.33)		41.09 (35.95)
Distance traveled for treatment
Up to 30km	18.71 (56.32)	0.645	16.90 (33.89)	0.177	36.47 (61.41)	0.139	40.66 (39.86)	0.707	89.19 (97.35)	0.096
Over 30km	20.04 (55.05)		14.17 (42.28)		16.47 (33.30)		65.84 (85.34)		136.70 (135.24)
Appointments amount
Up to five	10.87 (40.79)	0.119	9.67 (35.47)	0.01 2*	7.90 (20.96)	< 0.001 *	46.15 (66.38)	0.155	103.30 (123.69)	0.395
Over five	27.25 (67.24)		21.76 (37.25)		48.75 (66.30)		56.58 (62.76)		119.72 (110.78)
Therapy
Meglumine antimoniate intralesional	16.80 (41.59)	0.461	11.54 (36.36)	0.04 8*	32.51 (61.93)	0.731	43.28 (44.33)	0.786	120.54 (118.31)	0.305
Meglumine antimoniate intravenous	21.61 (66.52)		20.05 (38.19)		24.20 (41.84)		58.40 (77.24)		98.36 (114.78)

Characteristics	Expenses with
	Domestic outsourcing		Business outsourcing		Dressing materials		Health insurance co-participation		Total expenses
	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value	Mean (SD)	p-value
Gender
Male	0.00	0.007 *	17.37 (77.38)	0.597	9.14 (16.60)	0.762	16.52 (61.63)	0.107	187.24 (187.18)	0.932
Female	18.26 (64.23)		4.29 (23.13)		9.93 (15.69)		30.74 (68.26)		187.53 (181.14)
Age (years)
Up to 50	0.00	0.025 *	6.48 (37.53)	0.280	7.73 (14.50)	0.187	9.28 (40.02)	0.032	139.47 (147.53)	0.003 *
Over 50	14.31 (57.15)		24.97 (96.04)		12.08 (18.71)		39.90 (89.36)		271.76 (213.62)
Per capita income (BRL)
Up to 937.00	0.00	0.042 *	11.35 (55.67)	0.445	9.53 (17.95)	0.749	5.30 (36.35)	0.001 *	145.16 (136.91)	0.065
Over 937.00	14.31 (57.15)		19.78 (85.20)		7.44 (12.63)		42.91 (87.45)		238.90 (211.13)
Highest education level completed
Primary education or lower	2.93 (21.39)	0.101	17.28 (80.41)	0.946	10.99 (19.05)	0.245	8.54 (34.47)	0.078	178.42 (197.84)	0.286
Secondary school	0.00		10.59 (52.95)		5.33 (11.11)		33.85 (92.94)		170.15 (154.25)
Higher education	19.67 (72.09)		6.55 (28.58)		10.41 (13.13)		37.38 (77.61)		236.56 (185.78)
Distance traveled for diagnosis
Up to 30km	15.13 (58.70)	0.019 *	14.23 (84.24)	0.458	9.92 (13.15)	0.142	39.17 (73.60)	0.014 *	183.20 (164.34)	0.900
Over 30km	0.00		12.95 (84.24)		9.07 (17.85)		11.16 (56.27)		189.66 (196.48)
Distance traveled for treatment
Up to 30km	29.82 (148.76)	0.138	65.54 (268.46)	0.328	35.17 (61.08)	0.489	23.65 (58.75)	0.231	197.12 (199.21)	0.711
Over 30km	0.00		10.25 (64.05)		23.04 (36.03)		15.57 (69.01)		172.87 (162.24)
Appointments amount
Up to five	13.46 (74.17)	0.693	55.88 (256.25)	0.416	23.46 (44.44)	0.060	16.34 (64.02)	0.861	150.26 (160.45)	0.053
Over five	23.25 (152.49)		22.28 (144.42)		37.32 (60.41)		18.17 (56.89)		215.75 (184.39)
Therapy
Meglumine antimoniate intralesional	25 (146.59)	0.536	44.50 (186.00)	0.662	35.52 (61.65)	0.583	10.61 (44.53)	0.112	184.80 (191.94)	0.961
Meglumine antimoniate intravenous	10.00 (70.71)		41.66 (235.85)		24.90 (41.15)		29.52 (77.00)		189.84 (179.05)

[1] Correspondence
E. L. Galvão Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, Belo Horizonte, MG 30190-001, Brasil. endilanza@yahoo.com.br