This investigation was conducted in order to determine the political and administrative context prevailing during the implementation of health districts in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The documentary review includes laws, agreements, and contracts at the State and Federal levels from 1987 to 1989. This period corresponded to the first phase of the State government after the 1986 elections. Information was also obtained from key informants and former directors of the State Secretariat of Health at the central level. We describe how the policy for regionalization by territory and population was formulated, and we review both State and national planning procedures, identifying the events leading to the decision to create health districts. We list the political instruments related to this decision and analyze the positions of the various actors in the Brazilian Health System in relation to this strategic choice. Brief comments are given about the difficulties faced by this proposal during the period studied.
Health Policy; Health Planning; Regionalization; Health Districts; Local Health System