Impacto da massagem em cabras na relação homem-animal e parâmetros relacionados à resposta fisiológica

Leite, Luana Oliveira; Bezerra, Belise Maria Oliveira; Kogitzki, Themis Regina; Polo, Gina; Freitas, Vicente José de Figueirêdo; Hötzel, Maria José; Nunes-Pinheiro, Diana Célia Sousa

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ANIMAL PRODUCTION • Cienc. Rural 50 (9) • 2020 • https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200105 copiar

Impacto da massagem em cabras na relação homem-animal e parâmetros relacionados à resposta fisiológica

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

RESUMO:

Considerando os benefícios que a massagem pode promover, este trabalho teve como objetivo aplicar a massagem do tipo stroking em cinco cabras adultas (G1-G5) avaliadas em grupo e individualmente por dez dias. Parâmetros relacionados à massagem, sistema imunológico, fisiologia e comportamento das cabras foram observados. Houve apenas diferença significativa (P<0,05) em relação ao comportamento expresso na presença da massagista em G4 e G5, entre as semanas 1 e 2. A maioria das cabras aceitou a massagem, exceto G2, com maiores demonstrações de comportamentos positivos do que negativos direcionados à massagista. Portanto, a massagem do tipo stroking promoveu interações positivas entre a massagista e as cabras, devendo ser explorada como um método alternativo aos existentes na melhora da relação entre seres humanos e animais de produção.

Palavras-chave:
bem-estar animal; comportamento de cabras; MDA sérico; massagem do tipo stroking; toque

Autoria

Luana Oliveira Leite

Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: luanaoliv.vet@gmail.com. *Corresponding author.Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE)BrazilFortaleza, CE, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual do Ceará (UECE), 60714-903, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. E-mail: luanaoliv.vet@gmail.com. *Corresponding author.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-9061

Belise Maria Oliveira Bezerra

Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR)BrazilFortaleza, CE, BrazilCurso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-9230

Themis Regina Kogitzki

Instrutora de Massagem Canina na AnimaTherapy, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.Instrutora de Massagem Canina na AnimaTherapyBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilInstrutora de Massagem Canina na AnimaTherapy, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6194-357X

Gina Polo

Análise Estatística e Consultoria de Pesquisa, Bogotá, Colômbia. Análise Estatística e Consultoria de PesquisaBogotá, ColômbiaAnálise Estatística e Consultoria de Pesquisa, Bogotá, Colômbia.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5569-7392

Vicente José de Figueirêdo Freitas

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4526-0880

Maria José Hötzel

Laboratório de Etologia Aplicada e Bem-estar Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC)BrazilFlorianópolis, SC, BrazilLaboratório de Etologia Aplicada e Bem-estar Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, Brasil.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1034-3202

Diana Célia Sousa Nunes-Pinheiro

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4505-9941

DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest of personal, academic, political or financial interests relating to the publication.

AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTIONS

LOL, MJH, TRK, DCSNP conceived and designed experiments. VJFF provided the animals for the study. LOL performed the experiments and together with BMOB carried out the lab analyses. GP performed statistical analyses of experimental data and elaborated almost all the figures. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved of the final version.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (5)
Tabelas (2)

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Figure 1
Scheme of experimental goat massage protocols.

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Figure 2
Massage score (Mean ±SEM) during the ten days in Pen 1 and Pen 2 and goats 1, 3, 4 and 5 in Ceará, Brazil.

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Figure 3
Mean frequency of goat massage score in relation to feeding schedule during the 10 days of IM in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. CHO = Before or during feeding with chopped grass/hay only; INT = Feed intervals; CO = Before or during feeding with concentrate.

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Figure 4
Behavioral repertoire of goats submitted to individual massage (IM) and group massage (GM) during days 4 to 15 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. P1 = Pen 1; P2 = Pen 2; W1= week 1; W2 = week 2; B1= Goats 1,2 and 3; B2 = Goats 4 and 5.

Thumbnail

Figure 5
Hematological and MDA variables of goats before (D1) and after massage (D14). Red dots = G1; blue dots = G2; green dots = G3; purple dots = G4; orange dots = G5.

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Table 1
Behavior score for reaction to stroking massage in goats in Ceará, Brazil.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Goat behaviors observed during the massage protocols.

Figure 1 Scheme of experimental goat massage protocols.

Figure 2 Massage score (Mean ±SEM) during the ten days in Pen 1 and Pen 2 and goats 1, 3, 4 and 5 in Ceará, Brazil.

Figure 3 Mean frequency of goat massage score in relation to feeding schedule during the 10 days of IM in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. CHO = Before or during feeding with chopped grass/hay only; INT = Feed intervals; CO = Before or during feeding with concentrate.

Figure 4 Behavioral repertoire of goats submitted to individual massage (IM) and group massage (GM) during days 4 to 15 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. P1 = Pen 1; P2 = Pen 2; W1= week 1; W2 = week 2; B1= Goats 1,2 and 3; B2 = Goats 4 and 5.

Figure 5 Hematological and MDA variables of goats before (D1) and after massage (D14). Red dots = G1; blue dots = G2; green dots = G3; purple dots = G4; orange dots = G5.

Table 1 Behavior score for reaction to stroking massage in goats in Ceará, Brazil.

Score	-------------------------------------------------------------Behavioral reaction------------------------------------------------------------------
1	Does not accept the massage (≤10s; high movement and attempt to escape)
2	Accepts the massage less than half the time (>10s and <1:30min)
3	Accepts the massage half the time (= 1:30 min)
4	Accepts the massage more than half the time (> 1:30 min and <3 min)
5	Accepts full massage (3 min or more)

Table 2 Goat behaviors observed during the massage protocols.

Behavior parameters	------------------------------------------------------Description--------------------------------------------------
Trough interaction	The goat approaches the trough puts its head inside and removes it quickly or stays long periods awaiting for food or eats the concentrate food^a.
Water interaction	The goats drinks water from the automatic drinker or approaches the drinker and lick or bit it^a.
Grooming	The goat uses its teeth, horns or hind limbs to scratch itself or rubs any of its body parts in a wooden column^a,b.
Lie down	The goats lay alone or close to each other, being sleepy or idle or attentive^a.
Exploratory behavior	The animal directs its head toward the floor or fence touching or not its snout as if looking for something^a.
Standing	The animal stands still in normal or bipedal position, without any movement, staring the environment outside the pen or other goats^a,c.
Ruminating lying down	The goat lies down and ruminates^c.
Ruminating when standing	The goat stands still and ruminates^c.
Vocalizations	Vocal signals including snorts, bleats, and sneezes^b
Excretion behaviors	The goat urines and defecates^b.
Affiliative behaviors	Social positive behaviors as grooming (gently nibble other goat), sniffing, licking the base of the udder, and resting in pairs^a,b.
Play between goats	The animals approach each other and clashing their horns without aggressiveness; scrubs their noses on their peers neck with an up and down movement^a.
Agonistic behaviors	Contact aggressive behaviors as biting, bumping, clash of the heads or horns in normal or bipedal position, displacements or without contact as threat displays, chases, escapes^a,b.
Interact with the masseur	The animals approach the masseur and clashing their horns without aggressiveness; sniffs or scrubs their noses on the masseur; interacted aggressively or positively
Vocalizations to the masseur	Vocal signals directed to the masseur
Standing attentive to the masseur	The animal stands still in normal position, without any movement, staring the masseur

^a Adapted score (SILVA et al., 2013SILVA, C. M. DA et al. Ethogram of three genetic groups of goats confined using monitoring video images. Revista de Etologia, v.12, p.1-11, 2013. Available from: <Available from: http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/reto/v12n1-2/a01v12n1-2.pdf >. Accessed: Sep. 5, 2019.
http://pepsic.bvsalud.org/pdf/reto/v12n1... )
^b Adapted score (MIRANDA-DE LA LAMA & MATTIELLO, 2010MIRANDA-DE LA LAMA, G. C.; MATTIELLO, S. The importance of social behaviour for goat welfare in livestock farming. Small Ruminant Research, v.90, n.1-3, p.1-10, 2010. Available from: <Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0921448810000192 >. Accessed: Jul. 30, 2019. doi: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.01.006.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/ar... )
^cAdapted score(PAULO & LOPES, 2014PAULO, J. L. DE A.; LOPES, F. DE A. Daily activity patterns of Saanen goats in the semi-arid northeast of Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia, v.43, n.9, p.464-470, 2014. Available from: <Available from: http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbz/v43n9/1516-3598-rbz-43-09-00464.pdf >. Accessed: Sep. 20, 2019. doi: 10.1590/S1516-35982014000900002.
http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbz/v43n9/1516-... )

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Impacto da massagem em cabras na relação homem-animal e parâmetros relacionados à resposta fisiológica

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[1] DECLARATION OF CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest of personal, academic, political or financial interests relating to the publication.