China in UN Peacekeeping Operations: A 30-Year Assessment (1990-2019)

Montenegro, Renan Holanda

doi:10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430200008

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Research Articles • Contexto int. 43 (2) • May/Aug 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/S0102-8529.2019430200008 copy

China in UN Peacekeeping Operations: A 30-Year Assessment (1990-2019)

A China nas Operações de Paz da ONU: Uma Avaliação de 30 anos (1990-2019)

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

This article presents a broad assessment of Chinese personnel deployments to peacekeeping operations (PKOs) for the past three decades (1990-2019). To this end, an original dataset was built with data collected from the UN Department of Peace Operations. The following four indicators were considered in the analysis: (i) total personnel contribution per year; (ii) personnel contribution per mission; (iii) personnel contribution in relation to the mission’s total contingent; and (iv) personnel in a given mission in relation to the total personnel dispatched by China that year. Generally speaking, UN missions in Liberia (UNMIL) and South Sudan (UNMISS) have been the main destinations of Chinese peacekeepers in the 21st Century, while Cambodia (UNTAC) was by far the only place where China got deeply involved during the 1990s. In addition to displaying descriptive data, the paper also briefly analyses Chinese engagement in these operations.

Keywords
China; peacekeeping operations; UNMIL; UNMISS; UNTAC.

Variable	Measurement
Ctb_num	Personnel contribution per mission-year (discrete)
Tot_CHN	∑ Ctb_num per year (discrete)
Ctb_perc_mission	% of Chinese contribution in a given mission-year related to the total contingent of the mission (continuous)
Ctb_perc_CHN	% of Chinese contribution in a given mission-year related to Tot_CHN (continuous)

	N	Minimum	Maximum	Mean	SD
Tot_CHN	520	5	3045	1300.47	1066.78
Ctb_num	520	0	1080	67.12	169.28
Ctb_perc_mission	520	.00	19.35	1.34	2.50
Ctb_perc_CHN	520	.00	100.00	5.76	12.29

	Tot_CHN	Ctb_num	Ctb_perc_mission	Ctb_perc_CHN
1^st	3045 (2015)	1080 (UNMISS, 2019)	19.35%(UNMIL, 2017)	100%(UNTSO, 1990)
2^nd	2644 (2017)	1068(UNMISS, 2015)	16.67%(UNAMA, 2017)	91.8%(UNTAC, 1992)
3^rd	2630 (2016)	1067(UNMISS, 2018)	15.83%(UNMIL, 2016)	64.25%(MONUC, 2003)
4^th	2545 (2019)	1061(UNMISS, 2017)	14.13%(UNMIL, 2015)	57.63%(UNMIL, 2004)
5^th	2515 (2018)	1055(UNMISS, 2016)	12.35%(UNMIL, 2014)	56.19%(UNMIL, 2005)
6^th	2181 (2014)	729(UNMIL, 2013)	11.9%(UNOMIL, 1994)	56.12%(UNTAET, 2000)
7^th	2146 (2008)	721(UNMIL, 2014)	9.76%(UNMIL, 2013)	56.10%(UNMISET, 2002)
8^th	2136 (2009)	667(UNMIL, 2015)	9.72%(UNOTIL, 2005)	46.51%(UNTAET, 2001)
9^th	2078 (2013)	597(UNMIL, 2004)	8.37%(MINURSO, 2004)	45.71%(MINURSO, 1998)
10^th	2039 (2010)	595(UNMIL, 2005)	8.37%(MINURSO, 2005)	45.45%(MINURSO, 1991)

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[1] Renan Holanda Montenegro is a Postdoctoral Researcher (PNPD-Capes) at the Political Science Graduate Program at the Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE). He is also an Associate Researcher at the Asian Studies Coordination, linked to the UFPE’s Centre for Advanced Studies (CEA). He received his PhD in Political Science from UFPE and spent a mobility period under the Erasmus Fellow-Mundus Program at the New University of Lisbon. He holds a Master’s degree in International Relations from the State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). In the period between 2017 and 2021, he was a Lecturer at the Departments of International Relations at the Federal Universities of Sergipe (UFS) and Paraíba (UFPB). His current research interests cover issues related to Chinese Foreign Policy, especially Sino-Brazilian and Sino-African relations.