Some physiological and biochemical changes In oak trees after fire

Kabaoğlu, Ali; Kulaç, Semsettin; Baysal, İsmail; Özbayram, Ali Kemal; Akbulut, Süleyman; Öztürk, Nuray

doi:10.1590/01047760202329013199

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Forest Ecology • CERNE 29 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760202329013199 copy

Some physiological and biochemical changes In oak trees after fire

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Background:

Forest fires are considered integral parts of many forest ecosystems despite being a disaster influencing the forest ecosystem dynamics significantly. A fire that occurred within the borders of Düzce-Konuralp State Forest Enterprise affected 16 ha of oak forest. The present study aimed to investigate the physiological and biochemical changes in two oak species (Quercus pubescens and Q. cerris) at post-fire period. For this purpose, seasonal shoot and leaf samples were collected from 15 trees (5 trees from high and low fire intensity and control groups) for each oak species. The samples were subjected to xylem, water potential, and stomatal conductivity analysis in the field and carbohydrate concentration and proline analyses in the laboratory.

Results:

It was found that leaf surface area decreased, and the root-leaf water connection was broken depending on the intensity of the fire. As the fire severity increased, water potential and stomatal conductivity of trees increased; proline and carbohydrate concentration amounts decreased. Q. pubescens had lower water potential and stomatal conductivity than Q. cerris but higher proline and carbohydrate concentration amounts.

Conclusion:

Q. pubescens was more resistant to drought stress during the post-fire season than Q. cerris from the aspect of physiological and biochemical characteristics.

Key words:
Carbohydrate concentration; Forest fire; Proline; Stoma conductivity, Water potential

HIGHLIGHTS

The physiological and biochemical changes were investigated in two oak species during post-fire period. Midday xylem water potential, stomatal conductivity, proline, and carbohydrate concentration amounts were performed. The water potential, stomatal conductivity, carbohydrate concentration, and proline content in leaves differed significantly among tree species and fire intensity.

Meteorological measurements	Jan.	Feb.	Mar.	Apr.	May.	Jun.	Jul.	Agu.	Sep.	Oct.	Nov.	Dec.	General
Mean Temperature (°C)	3.0	8.9	10.2	14.6	16.2	22.1	23.3	24.2	19.1	13.9	8.5	1.1	13.8
Mean precipitation (mm)	179.8	96.6	66.6	48.0	133.6	62.6	19.0	59.5	65.4	30.8	67.2	139.4	968.5
Mean Relative humidity (%)	85.8	79.4	70.2	67.9	77.8	70.5	72.1	75.1	73.5	82.8	82.5	93.0	77.6

Tree species Groups	Quercus cerris			Quercus pubescens
Tree species Groups	Control	Low intensity	High intensity	Control	Low intensity	High intensity
Min. age (year)	34.0	38.0	32.0	32.0	39.0	27.0
Max. age (year)	59.0	54.0	56.0	45.0	51.0	43.0
Maen age (year)	43.0	45.0	45.6	37.0	44.0	33.0
Min. d_1.30 (cm)	12.3	13.4	13.0	14.8	13.6	12.5
Max. d_1.30 (cm)	18.5	17.6	19.3	17.8	18.1	18.5
Maen d_1.30 (cm)	15.0	14.9	17.4	15.9	16.2	16.0
Min. height (m)	8.8	8.0	10.3	13.8	12.0	10.0
Max. height (m)	12.8	12.0	13.0	15.0	13.0	13.0
Maen height (m)	10.8	10.2	11.2	14.5	12.6	11.3
Min. crown widht (m)	3.1	3.4	2.5	3.0	3.0	2.7
Max. crown widht (m)	6.1	5.1	5.1	4.6	4.3	3.2
Maen crown widht (m)	4.0	4.1	4.1	3.8	3.7	2.9
Min. crown base height (m)	1.9	3.0	1.3	2.5	1.9	1.8
Max. crown base height (m)	4.1	5.4	5.1	3.8	4.5	2.7
Maen crown base height (m)	2.9	3.9	3.2	2.9	2.5	2.1
Min. bark thickness (mm)	0.6	0.8	1.3	0.8	0.9	1.2
Max. bark thickness (mm)	2.4	1.6	2.5	2.0	2.1	2.0
Maen bark thickness (mm)	1.6	1.4	2.0	1.5	1.5	1.7

Measurement time	Factor	Water potential		Stoma conductivity		Prolin amount		TCC amounts
Measurement time	Factor	F	P	F	P	F	P	F	P
June	Tree species (TS)	26,13	0,000	108,52	0,000	86,02	0,000	0,09	0,765
	Fire intesity (FI)	41,68	0,000	185,83	0,000	174,91	0,000	43,04	0,000
	TSxFI	4,10	0,020	39,66	0,000	13,97	0,000	3,25	0,040
July	Tree species (TS)	35,49	0,000	12,76	0,000	24,80	0,000	5,52	0,020
	Fire intesity (FI)	9,55	0,000	52,60	0,000	89,87	0,000	3,50	0,031
	TSxFI	37,35	0,000	1,95	0,146	3,94	0,023	7,66	0,001
August	Tree species (TS)	249,40	0,000	0,90	0,344	9,71	0,003	194,17	0,000
	Fire intesity (FI)	58,22	0,000	29,31	0,000	90,85	0,000	82,97	0,000
	TSxFI	7,39	0,001	0,58	0,560	0,35	0,703	10,53	0,000
September	Tree species (TS)	163,22	0,000	5,34	0,022	188,80	0,000	130,56	0,000
	Fire intesity (FI)	52,47	0,000	11,77	0,000	587,32	0,000	127,43	0,000
	TSxFI	11,36	0,000	5,08	0,007	3,12	0,049	10,29	0,000
October	Tree species (TS)	18,14	0,000	13,91	0,000	7,51	0,007	6,22	0,013
	Fire intesity (FI)	105,11	0,000	15,21	0,000	10,97	0,000	59,01	0,000
	TSxFI	4,12	0,020	6,75	0,002	0,78	0,463	8,01	0,000
November	Tree species (TS)	153,84	0,000	71,90	0,000	2,84	0,096	2,60	0,108
	Fire intesity (FI)	44,90	0,000	2,23	0,111	14,80	0,000	15,33	0,000
	TSxFI	6,30	0,003	9,93	0,000	1,67	0,194	9,58	0,000
Mean	Tree species (TS)	64,12	0,000	21,78	0,000	44,67	0,000	64,43	0,000
	Fire intesity (FI)	28,65	0,000	38,46	0,000	140,09	0,000	52,44	0,000
	TSxFI	0,37	0,691	3,87	0,021	0,72	0,487	9,25	0,000

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E-mail: cerne@dcf.ufla.br

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[1] ^✤Corresponding author: semsettinkulac@duzce.edu.tr