ENERGY ESTIMATE AND CARBON STOCK IN SHORT-ROTATION <i>EUCALYPTUS</i> STANDS

Magnago, Letícia Mayara; Arantes, Marina Donária Chaves; Vidaurre, Graziela Baptista; Moulin, Jordão Cabral; Trugilho, Paulo Fernando

doi:10.1590/01047760201622042209

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Articles • CERNE 22 (4) • Oct-Dec 2016 • https://doi.org/10.1590/01047760201622042209 copy

ENERGY ESTIMATE AND CARBON STOCK IN SHORT-ROTATION EUCALYPTUS STANDS

ESTIMATIVA ENERGÉTICA E ESTOQUE DE CARBONO EM POVOAMENTOS DE EUCALIPTO DE CURTA ROTAÇÃO

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The use of biomass as an alternative energy source has been gaining attention because of its energy characteristics and environmental contribution and because it is renewable in short production periods. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biomass production and carbon sequestration of eucalyptus grown under different conditions. The basic density of the wood, stem volume with and without bark and dry biomass, accumulated carbon, assimilated carbon dioxide and estimated energy for each shoot component were determined for two hybrid clones of E. grandis x E. urophylla at 6 and 12 months of age, grown at different spacing in two different areas, one with and one without irrigation. The highest dry biomass and carbon accumulation values were observed for plants grown at smaller spacing and with irrigation. A significant effect of irrigation on the variables quantified was only observed for 12-month-old plants. The amount of assimilated CO2 in the stem, leaves and branches was higher for 12-month-old plants grown at larger spacing and with irrigation. The estimated energy of the stem increased with increased spacing. Bark was the shoot component least influenced by spacing and irrigation.

Keywords:
Dry biomass,Carbon sequestration; Spacing; Irrigation

GM	Spac	Nº trees/ha	Area	Trees	Height (m)	Diam (cm)	Area	Height (m)	Diam (cm)
A	3x3	1111	Irrigada	1	3.16	3.18	Não irrigada	2.73	2.01
				2	3.16	2.86		2.75	1.40
				3	3.16	4.14		2.78	1.59
	3x2	1667		1	3.20	3.06		2.77	2.55
				2	3.24	3.02		2.8	2.23
				3	3.15	2.77		2.73	1.97
	3x1	3333		1	3.50	2.32		2.82	2.61
				2	3.57	2.39		2.87	2.71
				3	3.60	2.29		2.84	2.26
	1,5x2	3333		1	2.52	1.81		3.10	2.39
				2	2.54	1.46		3.17	2.86
				3	2.71	1.56		3.10	2.83
	3x0.5	6666		1	2.60	1.69		2.72	1.78
				2	2.75	1.97		2.78	2.07
				3	2.65	2.16		2.75	1.81
B	3x3	1111	Irrigada	1	3.67	2.80	Não irrigada	3.50	2.45
				2	3.67	2.77		3.40	2.45
				3	3.67	3.34		3.50	2.39
	3x2	1667		1	3.70	2.61		3.50	2.23
				2	3.35	2.71		3.50	2.74
				3	3.40	2.67		3.45	2.67
	3x1	3333		1	3.20	2.71		3.65	2.23
				2	3.17	2.42		3.68	2.71
				3	3.20	2.39		3.70	2.80
	1,5x2	3333		1	4.10	3.15		3.98	2.96
				2	4.00	2.77		3.97	3.09
				3	4.03	2.96		4.00	2.71
	3x0.5	6666		1	3.65	2.29		3.50	2.13
				2	3.67	2.48		3.50	2.48
				3	3.50	2.26		3.50	2.32

Clone	Age (months)	Spacing (m)	Area	Stem (odt ha^-1)	Leaves (odt ha^-1)	Branches (odt ha^-1)	Bark (odt ha^-1)
A	6	3x3	Irrigated	0.83 j	1.29 d	1.39 d	0.21 f
		3x3	Non-irrigated	0.42 j	0.70 d	0.34 d	0.08 f
		3x2	Irrigated	1.05 j	1.17 d	1.62 d	0.18 f
		3x2	Non-irrigated	0.79 j	0.87 d	1.24 d	0.15 f
		3x1	Irrigated	1.50 i	1.02 d	1.51 d	0.27 f
		3x1	Non-irrigated	1.53 i	1.16 d	2.16 d	0.28 f
		1.5x2	Irrigated	1.14 j	1.18 d	2.08 d	0.27 f
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	1.75 j	1.74 d	2.07 d	0.37 f
		3x0.5	Irrigated	2.15 i	1.26 d	2.38 d	0.29 f
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	0.97 j	0.99 d	1.46 d	0.21 f
	12	3x3	Irrigated	5.06 g	3.23 a	5.96 a	1.06 e
		3x3	Non-irrigated	2.42 i	1.54 c	3.51 c	0.51 f
		3x2	Irrigated	7.26 f	2.88 b	6.93 a	1.11 d
		3x2	Non-irrigated	4.57 g	2.44 b	4.80 b	1.20 d
		3x1	Irrigated	8.44 e	2.03 c	2.32 d	1.32 d
		3x1	Non-irrigated	7.32 f	2.02 c	3.49 c	1.17 d
		1.5x2	Irrigated	7.12 f	1.92 c	4.52 c	1.22 d
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	9.17 d	2.67 b	5.09 b	1.80 b
		3x0.5	Irrigated	6.71 f	1.22 d	2.25 d	1.06 e
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	3.50 h	0.98 d	1.68 d	0.67 f
B	6	3x3	Irrigated	0.90 j	1.06 d	1.31 d	0.36 f
		3x3	Non-irrigated	0.55 j	0.64 d	0.34 d	0.15 f
		3x2	Irrigated	0.95 j	1.05 d	1.43 d	0.30 f
		3x2	Non-irrigated	0.93 j	1.52 c	1.67 d	0.21 f
		3x1	Irrigated	1.68 i	1.20 d	2.06 d	0.35 f
		3x1	Non-irrigated	1.78 i	1.39 d	1.97 d	0.38 f
		1.5x2	Irrigated	2.34 i	1.89 c	2.37 d	0.92 e
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	2.14 i	2.05 c	2.59 d	0.44 f
		3x0.5	Irrigated	2.53 i	1.09 d	1.64 d	0.44 f
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	1.32 j	0.77 d	1.24 d	0.28 f
	12	3x3	Irrigated	8.76 e	3.93 a	3.84 c	1.41 d
		3x3	Non-irrigated	5.02 g	2.41 b	2.45 d	0.88 e
		3x2	Irrigated	10.82 c	3.72 a	4.06 c	1.53 c
		3x2	Non-irrigated	6.61 f	2.90 b	3.21 c	1.12 d
		3x1	Irrigated	10.08 c	2.86 b	5.20 b	1.54 c
		3x1	Non-irrigated	10.36 c	2.03 c	3.49 c	1.17 d
		1.5x2	Irrigated	15.72 a	3.70 a	3.87 c	2.28 a
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	14.48 b	3.40 a	2.78 d	2.23 a
		3x0.5	Irrigated	11.20 c	2.08 c	1.73 d	1.59 c
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	5.48 g	1.21 d	1.14 d	0.89 e

Clone	Age (months)	Spacing (m)	Area	Stem (odt ha^-1)	Leaves (odt ha^-1)	Branches (odt ha^-1)	Bark (odt ha^-1)
A	6	3x3	Irrigated	0.38 j	0.65 d	0.64 d	0.09 f
		3x3	Non-irrigated	0.19 j	0.35 d	0.43 d	0.03 f
		3x2	Irrigated	0.46 j	0.58 d	0.74 d	0.08 f
		3x2	Non-irrigated	0.36 j	0.42 d	0.58 d	0.07 f
		3x1	Irrigated	0.67 i	0.53d	0.70 d	0.12 f
		3x1	Non-irrigated	0.69 i	0.57 d	0.10 d	0.13 f
		1.5x2	Irrigated	0.51 j	0.59 d	0.95 d	0.12 f
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	0.80 i	0.84 c	0.92 d	0.16 f
		3x0.5	Irrigated	0.95 i	0.65 d	1.12 d	0.13 f
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	0.44 j	0.48 d	0.67 d	0.09 f
	12	3x3	Irrigated	2.20 g	1.63 a	2.83 a	0.48 e
		3x3	Non-irrigated	1.14 i	0.78 c	1.60 c	0.23 f
		3x2	Irrigated	3.30 f	1.47 b	3.28 a	0.49 e
		3x2	Non-irrigated	2.09 g	1.23 b	2.27 b	0.54 d
		3x1	Irrigated	3.94 e	1.01 c	1.10 d	0.57 d
		3x1	Non-irrigated	3.40 f	1.05 c	1.65 c	0.54 d
		1.5x2	Irrigated	3.42 f	0.98 c	2.13 c	0.55 d
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	4.23 d	1.41 b	2.41 b	0.81 b
		3x0.5	Irrigated	3.18 f	0.62 d	1.05 d	0.47 e
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	1.62 h	0.51 d	0.78 d	0.31 f
B	6	3x3	Irrigated	0.40 j	0.54 d	0.59 d	0.15 f
		3x3	Non-irrigated	0.25 j	0.32 d	0.39 d	0.07 f
		3x2	Irrigated	0.43 j	0.54 d	0.65 d	0.12 f
		3x2	Non-irrigated	0.42 j	0.77 c	0.76 d	0.09 f
		3x1	Irrigated	0.75 i	0.61 d	0.95 d	0.15 f
		3x1	Non-irrigated	0.81 i	0.69 d	0.91 d	0.17 f
		1.5x2	Irrigated	1.05 i	0.92 c	1.08 d	0.40 e
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	0.98 i	1.01 c	1.17 d	0.19 f
		3x0.5	Irrigated	1.11 i	0.54 d	0.77 d	0.20 f
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	0.60 j	0.38 d	0.57 d	0.13 f
	12	3x3	Irrigated	4.02 e	2.00 a	1.82 c	0.62 c
		3x3	Non-irrigated	2.36 g	1.21 b	1.14 d	0.38 e
		3x2	Irrigated	4.92 c	1.87 a	1.90 c	0.66 c
		3x2	Non-irrigated	2.99 f	1.47 b	1.50 c	0.49 e
		3x1	Irrigated	4.72 c	1.44 b	2.44 b	0.68 c
		3x1	Non-irrigated	4.78 c	1.29 b	1.62 c	0.80 b
		1.5x2	Irrigated	7.37 a	1.92 a	1.82 c	0.96 a
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	6.66 b	1.79 a	1.31 d	0.97 a
		3x0.5	Irrigated	5.21 c	1.04 c	0.81 d	0.68 c
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	2.42 g	0.63 d	0.53 d	0.39 e

Clone	Age (months)	Spacing (m)	Area	Stem (Gcal ha^-1)	Leaves (Gcal ha^-1)	Branches (Gcal ha^-1)	Bark (Gcal ha^-1)
A	6	3x3	Irrigated	3.86 j	6.26 d	6.11 c	0.86 e
		3x3	Non-irrigated	2.47 j	3.37 d	4.19 c	0.33 e
		3x2	Irrigated	4.78 j	5.62 d	7.12 c	0.77 e
		3x2	Non-irrigated	3.53 j	4.08 d	5.52 b	0.60 e
		3x1	Irrigated	6.76 i	4.98 d	6.59 c	1.10 e
		3x1	Non-irrigated	7.00 i	5.37 d	9.47 c	1.16 e
		1.5x2	Irrigated	5.07 j	5.59 d	9.09 c	1.10 e
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	7.89 i	8.14 c	9.06 c	1.50 e
		3x0.5	Irrigated	9.46 i	6.04 d	10.41 c	1.16 e
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	4.45 i	4.60 d	6.39 c	0.84 e
	12	3x3	Irrigated	23.23 g	15.82 a	26.06 a	4.30 d
		3x3	Non-irrigated	10.98 i	7.40 c	15.74 b	2.10 e
		3x2	Irrigated	32.50 f	13.90 b	30.76 a	4.65 d
		3x2	Non-irrigated	20.62 g	11.53 b	21.32 a	4.92 d
		3x1	Irrigated	38.32 e	9.88 c	10.09 c	5.35 c
		3x1	Non-irrigated	32.91 f	9.43 c	15.42 b	4.77 d
		1.5x2	Irrigated	32.33 f	9.16 c	20.10 b	5.00 d
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	41.21 d	12.59 b	22.55 a	7.31 b
		3x0.5	Irrigated	30.07 f	5.85 d	10.04 c	4.26 d
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	15.65 h	4.57 d	7.49 c	2.73 e
B	6	3x3	Irrigated	4.10 j	5.16 d	5.77 c	1.46 e
		3x3	Non-irrigated	2.47 j	3.05 d	3.72 c	0.63 e
		3x2	Irrigated	4.34 j	5.09 d	6.28 c	1.19 e
		3x2	Non-irrigated	4.11 j	7.19 c	7.38 c	0.85 e
		3x1	Irrigated	7.71 i	5.80 d	8.98 c	1.41 e
		3x1	Non-irrigated	7.98 i	6.50 d	8.61 c	1.53 e
		1.5x2	Irrigated	10.23 i	9.13 c	10.45 c	3.77 d
		1.5x2	Non-irrigated	9.48 i	9.78 c	11.24 c	1.80 e
		3x0.5	Irrigated	11.29 i	5.20 d	7.30 c	1.78 e
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	6.02 j	3.60 d	5.43 c	1.14 e
	12	3x3	Irrigated	39.84 d	18.98 a	16.88 b	5.75 c
		3x3	Non-irrigated	22.43 g	11.49 b	10.88 c	3.60 d
		3x2	Irrigated	49.04 c	18.02 a	17.93 b	6.11 c
		3x2	Non-irrigated	29.55 f	13.78 b	14.30 b	4.56 d
		3x1	Irrigated	45.96 c	13.83 b	22.65 a	6.20 c
		3x1	Non-irrigated	46.53 c	11.99 b	15.40 b	7.49 b
		1.5X2	Irrigated	70.73 a	17.94 a	17.12 b	9.31 a
		1.5X2	Non-irrigated	64.78 b	16.16 a	12.40 c	9.13 a
		3x0.5	Irrigated	50.58 c	9.99 c	7.70 c	6.51 b
		3x0.5	Non-irrigated	24.53 g	5.71 d	5.05 c	3.58 d

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