EFFECTS OF MARITAL SATISFACTION AND RITUAL UTILITY ON BEREAVEMENT EXPERIENCE IN ABORTION

Oliveira, Catarina Meneses de; Silva, Ana Dóris; Ramalho, Carla; Costa, Maria Emília; Martins, Mariana Veloso

doi:10.5380/ce.v27i0.87853

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Cogitare Enferm. 27 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.87853 copy

EFFECTS OF MARITAL SATISFACTION AND RITUAL UTILITY ON BEREAVEMENT EXPERIENCE IN ABORTION

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

The present study analyzed the effects of the use and perceived usefulness of bereavement rituals and marital satisfaction on perinatal bereavement.

Method:

74 Portuguese women who attended a public hospital in Porto - Portugal, after experiencing one or more abortions in 2019, responded to a self-report survey. The effects of ritual utility and marital satisfaction on bereavement experience, as well as interaction effects, were analyzed.

Results:

With adjustment to bereavement after pregnancy loss as the dependent variable, a negative effect of marital satisfaction (b=.33) and a positive effect of ritual utility (b =.46) were observed. No significant moderation effect was observed.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the importance of addressing bereavement rituals and conjugality in providing emotional support for the loss, with the figure of the nurse being paramount in the contexts of abortion and neonatal loss.

DESCRIPTORS:
Abortion; Bereavement; Reproductive Health; Conjugal Relationship; Maternal Bereavement.

Variables	n	%
Age <35	42	56.8
Age >35	32	43.2
Nationality
Portuguese	61	82.4
Brazilian	13	17.6
Marital Status
Married	50	67.6
Fact Union	24	32.4
<12^th year	25	33.8
>12^th year	49	66.2
Type of pregnancy
Spontaneous Pregnancy	69	93.2
Treatments	5	6.8
Type of gestational loss
First trimester spontaneous abortion	62	83.8
Neonatal death after 23 weeks	12	16.2
Neonatal loss in the first 7 days after birth	4	5.4
Neonatal loss at 28 days after birth	2	2.7
Authorized medical termination	2	2.7
Voluntary termination of pregnancy (due to fetal anomaly)	19	25.7
Total gestational losses
1 loss	46	62.2
2 losses	16	21.6
>3 losses (recurrent abortion)	12	16.3
Parity
Nulliparous	40	54.1
Single/multiparous	34	45.9
Having Children in a Current Relationship
The fruit of the current relationship	32	43.2
From a previous relationship	2	2.7
From the partner’s previous relationship	2	2.7

	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Rituals (BAQ)	-
Resignification of loss (BAQ)	0.309^{^ são p < 0,01;}	-
Individual resignation (BAQ)	0.141	0.427^{^ são p < 0,01;}	-
Marital satisfaction (score total)	-0.107	0.053	0.170	-
Bereavement (score total)	0.455^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.089	-0.254^{^*}	-0.431^{^ são p < 0,01;}	-		.
Active bereavement	0.397^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.093	-0.194	-0.381^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.918^{^ são p < 0,01;}	-
Coping difficulties	0.458^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.108	-0.281^{^*}	-0.444^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.964^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.823^{^ são p < 0,01;}	-
Despair	0.433^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.053	-0.241^{^*}	-0.394^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.958^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.806^{^ são p < 0,01;}	0.905^{^ são p < 0,01;}	-
Average	1.34	3.69	3.37	4.24	1.79	2.46	1.51	1.39
Standard Deviation	1.19	0.67	0.76	0.88	1.02	0.97	1.15	1.11

	Rituals (SD)	Test T (p-value)	Resignification of loss (SD)	Test T (p-value)	Individual Resignification ( SD)	Test T (p-value)	Bereavement ( SD)	Test T (p-value)
Parity
Nulliparous	1.32 (1.22)	0.19 (0.85)	3.76 (0.64)	-0.99 (0.32)	3.38 (0.79)	-0.20 (0.84)	1.89 (1.00)	-0.93 (0.35)
Uniparous/multiparous	1.37 (1.17)	0.19 (0.85)	3.60 (0.70)	-0.99 (0.32)	3.35 (0.76)	-0.20 (0.84)	1.67 (1.04)	-0.93 (0.35)
Academic qualifications
<12º grade	1.29 (1.05)	-0.26 (0.80)	3.65 (0.63)	-0.31 (0.76)	3.35 (0.66)	-0.12 (0.91)	1.70 (0.85)	-0.52 (0.61)
>12º grade	1.37 (1.27)	-0.26 (0.80)	3.70 (0.70)	-0.31 (0.76)	3.37 (0.83)	-0.12 (0.91)	1.83 (1.10)	-0.52 (0.61)
Gestational Age
<12 weeks	1.13 (1.10)	-1.92 (0.06)	3.66 (0.60)	-0.44 (0.62)	3.31 (0.79)	-0.73 (0.47)	1.67 (0.95)	-1.28 (0.21)
>12 weeks	1.67 (1.26)	-1.92 (0.06)	3.73 (0.77)	-0.44 (0.62)	3.45 (0.76)	-0.73 (0.47)	1.98 (1.11)	-1.28 (0.21)
Age
<35 years old	1.15 (1.06)	-1.58 (0.12)	3.66 (0.66)	-0.41 (0.68)	3.34 (0.76)	-0.28 (0.78)	1.79 (1.04)	0.02 (0.99)
>35 years old	1.59 (1.32)	-1.58 (0.12)	3.72 (0.70)	-0.41 (0.68)	3.40 (0.81)	-0.28 (0.78)	1.79 (1.01)	0.02 (0.99)

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[1] Role of Authors:

Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work - Oliveira CM de, Silva AD, Martins MV; Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content - Oliveira CM de, Silva AD, Ramalho C, Costa ME, Martins MV; Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved - Oliveira CM de, Silva AD, Martins MV. All authors approved the final version of the text.