FACTORS RELATED TO DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH DIABETES <i>MELLITUS</i>

Santos, Erica Maria Belmiro dos; Pimenta, Cláudia Jeane Lopes; Ferreira, Gerlania Rodrigues Salviano; Frazão, Maria Cristina Lins Oliveira; Costa, Tatiana Ferreira da; Ribeiro, Gerson da Silva; Costa, Kátia Neyla de Freitas Macedo

doi:10.5380/ce.v27i0.88119

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ORIGINAL ARTICLE • Cogitare Enferm. 27 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.88119 copy

FACTORS RELATED TO DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

Objective:

to identify the factors related to depressive symptoms in older adults with Diabetes Mellitus.

Method:

a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach conducted with 144 older adults registered in 72 Family Health units from the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. The data were collected from September to December 2019, using an instrument to obtain information referring to the sociodemographic and clinical profile and the Geriatric Depression Scale by means of descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results:

it was observed that 75.7% of the diabetic older adults did not present depressive symptoms. There was a significant association between depressive symptoms and the following variables: personal income (p=0.044), type of income (p=0.020), dyslipidemia (p=0.038), diabetes complications (p=0.045) and retinopathy (p=0.033).

Conclusion:

the social and health factors, as well as those related to diabetes, can exert negative influences on older adults’ psychological state and favor the onset of depressive symptoms.

DESCRIPTORS:
Depressive Symptoms; Diabetes Mellitus; Older Adults; Primary Health Care; Patient-Centered Care.

	Appointments
Health District	No. of older adults	No. of diabetic older adults	Percentage of diabetic older adults in relation to the total
I	12,571	2,641	P₁ = 5.4
II	9,366	1,919	P₂ = 3.9
III	13,122	3,072	P₃ = 6.3
IV	7,391	1,554	P₄ = 3.2
V	6,184	1,461	P₅ = 3.0
Total	48,634	10,647	-

Variables	Depressive Symptoms
Variables	Mean	Standard Deviation	p-value
Gender
Female	3.61	2.77	0.859
Male	3.50	2.80
Age group
60 - 64 years old	4.15	2.94	0.723
65 - 69 years old	3.10	2.85
70 - 74 years old	3.76	2.52
75 - 79 years old	3.22	2.46
80+ years old	4	3.12
Marital status
Divorced	4.11	2.74	0.680
Single	3.92	2.87
Widowed	3.51	2.75
Married or stable union	3.43	2.80
Schooling
Illiterate	4.06	2.70	0.138
1 - 4 years of study	3.37	2.56
5 - 8 years of study	3.44	2.73
9 - 12 years of study	3.77	3.08
13+ years of study	2.25	2
Personal income
< 1 minimum wage	4.83	1.32	0.020
1 - 3 minimum wages	3.45	2.75
4 - 5 minimum wages	1.50	1.07
6+ minimum wages	2	-
No income	6.08	2.77
Occupation
No	3.60	2.68	0.207
Yes	3.46	2.99
Type of income
None	6.17	4.11	0.044
Benefits	5.50	2.12
Own work	4.08	3.66
Pension	3.57	2.63
Rent	3.50	1.70
Retirement	3.44	2.60
Employee	2.80	1.48

Variables	Depressive Symptoms
Variables	Mean	Standard Deviation	p-value
Physical activity
No	3.64	2.78	0.679
Yes	3.50	2.77
Consumption of alcoholic beverages
Yes	4	3.27	0.707
No	3.53	2.72
Presence of comorbidities
No	3.91	2.71	0.052
Yes	3.51	2.79
Systemic arterial hypertension
No	4.26	2.92	0.092
Yes	3.36	2.70
Musculoskeletal
No	3.61	2.91	0.879
Yes	3.49	2.43
Dyslipidemia
Yes	3.84	2.88	0.038
No	2.57	2.04
Glaucoma
No	3.59	2.79	0.892
Yes	3.33	2.58
Heart disease
Yes	4.62	2.08	0.224
No	3.47	2.31

Variables	Depressive Symptoms
Variables	Mean	Standard Deviation	p-value
Diagnosis time
1 - 2 years	3.52	3.21	0.632
3 - 5 years	3.21	2.95
6 - 10 years	3.36	2.20
11 - 20 years	4.06	2.83
21+ years	4.07	3.10
Treatment time
1 - 2 years	3.69	3.32	0.583
3 - 5 years	3.06	2.75
6 - 10 years	3.39	2.19
11 - 20 years	4.20	2.90
21+ years	3.77	3.21
Family history of diabetes
Yes	3.79	2.77	0.241
No	3.30	2.77
Diabetes complications
Yes	4	2.89	0.045
No	3.05	2.54
Neuropathy
Yes	3.85	2.81	0.302
No	3.41	2.75
Retinopathy
Yes	4.58	2.78	0.033
No	3.36	2.73
Stroke
Yes	4.56	3.24	0.281
No	3.51	2.74
Nephropathy
Yes	4	3.10	0.736
No	3.55	2.76
Infarction
No	3.64	2.78	0.192
Yes	2.17	2.31
Diabetic foot
Yes	5.33	5.03	0.498
No	3.54	2.72

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[1] Role of Authors:

Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work - Santos EMB dos, Ferreira GRS, Frazão MCLO, Costa KN de FM. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content - Pimenta CJL, Costa TF da, Ribeiro G da S, Costa KN de FM. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved - Santos EMB dos, Costa KN de FM. All authors approved the final version of the text.