This paper treats of the struggle between the Pataxó Indians and the Brazilian State by the ownership of Mount Pascoal's National Park, for which are used the notion of critical events and the conflict model that attributes the appearance and the course of the social struggle to the moral experiences of the social groups in face of the denial of the recognition. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate, through the presentation of the several stages of the struggle, to demonstrate that the critical events related to the creation of PNMP (in English, Mount Pascoal National Park) while bringing serious contradictions for the Pataxó, collaborate to the genesis of a new political-moral community. The focus incides, therefore, in the interface between demography and anthropology, striving to relate living conditions, the space displacement and the rights of an indigenous people.
Pataxó; nation; recognition; struggle; monument