Inheritance of harvest index in common bean

Pinto Júnior, Ricardo Andrade; Patto¹, Magno Antonio; Martins¹, Emanoel Sanches; Abreu², Ângela de Fátima Barbosa

doi:10.1590/1984-70332018v18n3a38

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 18 (03) • Sept 2018 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332018v18n3a38 copy

Inheritance of harvest index in common bean

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The aim of this study was to verify if the harvest index (HI) of common bean is higher in modern lines, to verify if its estimate varies with the cycle of the plant and environmental conditions, and to obtain information concerning its genetic control (through diallel crossing). For this purpose, six lines were crossed in a diallel. Evaluations were carried out in three crop seasons/generations - F₂, F₃, and F₄. A receptacle was used to collect leaves, pods, and other plant parts that fell before harvest. Diallel analysis was performed using Griffing's method II. It found that the HI was higher in modern lines and was not affected by the cycle; the estimated HI heterosis was negative, indicating the occurrence of dominance in order to reduce trait expression.

Key words:
Plant breeding; quantitative genetics; physiological efficiency.

SV	HI_(x100)			GP
SV	df	MS	P	MS	P
Treatments (T)	20	2.56	0.00	57.87	0.00
GCA	5	3.75	0.02	167.23	0.00
SCA	15	2.17	0.00	21.42	0.11
Generations (G)	2	5.67	0.00	703.59	0.00
T x G	40	0.49	0.00	14.62	0.04
GCA x G	10	0.76	0.00	20.51	0.03
SCA x G	30	0.41	0.00	12.66	0.16
Error average	180	0.23		9.87
Average		0.33		11.30

Cross	F₂				F₃				F₄				Averages
	HI		GP		HI		GP		HI		GP		HI		GP
Paraná	0.39	a	17.3	a	0.43	a	16.67	a	0.31	b	9.31	b	0.38	b	14.43	a
Amarelinho	0.27	c	13.97	b	0.28	b	13.11	a	0.30	b	11.56	a	0.28	c	8.69	c
Goiano Precoce	0.42	a	16.49	a	0.36	a	9.30	a	0.31	b	7.99	b	0.36^(e)	b	8.39	c
Eriparsa	0.37	a	14.10	b	0.40	a	11.47	a	0.32	b	7.77	b	0.36	b	8.65	c
MAII-22	0.42	a	21.48	a	0.39	a	10.60	a	0.35	a	11.94	a	0.39	a	12.76	a
Madrepérola	0.43	a	14.36	b	0.43	a	11.65	a	0.40	a	4.61	b	0.42	a	14.72	a
Parent average	0.38		16.28		0.38		12.13		0.33		8.86		0.37^(d)		11.27
Paraná x Amarelinho	0.31	b	12.20	b	0.38	a	7.80	a	0.34	a	6.08	b	0.34	b	12.88	a
Paraná x Goiano Precoce	0.32	b	11.43	b	0.30	b	7.34	a	0.27	c	6.96	b	0.30	c	11.26	b
Paraná x Eriparsa	0.26	c	12.27	b	0.36	a	9.71	a	0.26	c	8.99	b	0.29	c	11.11	b
Paraná x MAII22	0.40	a	13.97	b	0.35	a	11.65	a	0.36	a	9.03	b	0.37	b	14.67	a
Paraná x Madrepérola	0.32	b	20.97	a	0.35	a	14.82	a	0.23	c	11.40	a	0.30	c	10.20	b
Goiano Precoce x Amarelinho	0.22	c	14.85	b	0.21	c	11.21	a	0.26	c	7.26	b	0.20	d	8.58	c
Goiano Precoce x Eriparsa	0.37	a	11.44	b	0.41	a	7.23	a	0.33	b	10.01	a	0.37	b	9.58	c
Goiano Precoce x MAII22	0.31	b	9.41	b	0.35	a	9.39	a	0.25	c	7.14	b	0.30	c	10.37	b
Goiano Precoce x Madrepérola	0.31	b	15.52	b	0.32	b	9.88	a	0.30	b	10.25	a	0.31	c	9.56	c
Eriparsa x Amarelinho	0.26	c	10.83	b	0.32	b	7.81	a	0.25	c	6.53	b	0.28	c	10.32	b
MAII22 x Amarelinho	0.33	b	10.17	b	0.33	b	9.83	a	0.23	c	8.76	b	0.30	c	11.55	b
MAII22 x Eriparsa	0.33	b	13.33	b	0.32	b	12.42	a	0.30	b	6.94	b	0.32	c	11.88	b
MAII22 x Madrepérola	0.39	a	19.24	a	0.43	a	10.88	a	0.32	b	14.04	a	0.38	b	15.73	a
Madrepérola x Eriparsa	0.25	c	16.50	a	0.37	a	11.33	a	0.32	b	10.46	a	0.31	c	10.90	b
Madrepérola x Amarelinho	0.26	c	13.76	b	0.35	a	10.22	a	0.34	a	7.12	b	0.32	c	11.11	b
Hybrid average	0.31		13.73		0.34		10.10		0.29		8.73		0.31^(d)		11.31
Overall average	0.33^(a)		14.31^(a)		0.35^(a)		10.38^(b)		0.30^(a)		8.74^(b)		0.33		10.63

Variables	F2	F3	F4	Average
HI and GP	0.43*	0.66**	0.64**	0.60**
HI and NDF	-0.01	0.19	0.22	0.25

Treatment	F₂	F₃	F₄	Average
Paraná	0.009	0.015	-0.005	0.007
Amarelinho	-0.049	-0.041	-0.012	-0.034
Goiano Precoce	0.007	-0.021	-0.011	-0.009
Eriparsa	-0.013	0.013	-0.002	-0.002
MAII-22	0.035	0.010	0.005	0.018
Madrepérola	0.009	0.025	0.024	0.019
DP (Gi)	0.008	0.009	0.006	0.008
DP (Gi - Gj)	0.013	0.013	0.009	0.012
Error	0.0026	0.0028	0.0013	0.0023

Cross	F₂	F₃	F₄	Average
Paraná	0.040	0.046	0.017	0.034
Amarelinho	-0.027	-0.048	-0.017	-0.031
Goiano Precoce	-0.03	-0.044	-0.092	-0.055
Eriparsa	0.013	0.007	-0.066	-0.015
MAII-22	-0.037	-0.038	-0.016	-0.03
Madrepérola	0.080	0.026	0.049	0.052
Paraná x Amarelinho	0.019	0.052	0.054	0.042
Paraná x Goiano Precoce	-0.067	-0.022	-0.036	-0.042
Paraná x Eriparsa	0.038	0.008	0.022	0.023
Paraná x MAII22	-0.031	0.012	0.026	0.002
Paraná x Madrepérola	0.065	0.021	0.022	0.036
Goiano Precoce x Amarelinho	0.024	-0.029	0.057	0.017
Goiano Precoce x Eriparsa	-0.068	-0.082	-0.02	-0.057
Goiano Precoce x MAII22	0.075	0.048	0.029	0.051
Goiano Precoce x Madrepérola	-0.023	-0.057	-0.006	-0.029
Eriparsa x Amarelinho	-0.008	-0.006	-0.038	-0.017
MAII22 x Amarelinho	0.045	0.064	0.041	0.05
MAII22 x Eriparsa	-0.063	0.007	-0.047	-0.034
MAII22 x Madrepérola	-0.077	-0.022	-0.005	-0.034
Madrepérola x Eriparsa	0.014	0.041	-0.012	0.014
Madrepérola x Amarelinho	0.018	0.016	0.037	0.023
DP( Sii )	0.0187	0.0194	0.0134	0.0174
DP( Sij )	0.0226	0.0235	0.0162	0.0211
DP(Sii - Sjj)	0.0255	0.0265	0.0184	0.0237
DP(Sij - Sik)	0.0338	0.0351	0.0243	0.0314
DP(Sij - Skl)	0.0313	0.0325	0.0225	0.0291

Treatment	F₂	F₃	F₄	Average
Paraná	1.725	1.837	0.138	1.234
Amarelinho	-1.288	-0.769	-0.678	-0.912
Goiano Precoce	-2.031	-1.904	-0.935	-1.623
Eriparsa	-2.123	-0.335	-0.549	-1.003
MAII-22	2.188	0.632	1.16	1.327
Madrepérola	1.529	0.54	0.865	0.978
SD (Gi)	0.635	0.531	0.292	0.507
SD (Gi - Gj)	0.984	0.822	0.453	0.785
Error	15.51	10.81	3.28

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