Inbreeding and founder cultivars contributions in low chill requirement peaches and nectarines

Sobierajski, Graciela da Rocha; Blain, Gabriel Constantino; Anoni, Carina Oliveira

doi:10.1590/1984-70332023v23n4a42

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 23 (4) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332023v23n4a42 copy

Inbreeding and founder cultivars contributions in low chill requirement peaches and nectarines

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

The pedigree analysis from genealogical data can estimate the inbreeding from identity-by-descent, being a powerful tool for germplasm characterization. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity of peach and nectarine cultivars from the Agronomic Institute Prunus germplasm. This assessment was based on inbreeding and coancestry coefficients, considering two cases according to the origin of pollen donor in open pollinations: case I as self-pollinated, and case II as outcrossing. This study provided information regarding the founder cultivars. The historical investigation of the genealogy of 84 cultivars returned up to eight generations. Thirty-one founder cultivars were identified. The inbreeding coefficient of 40 (case I) and 14 (case II) for the cultivars were higher than expected, evidencing some degree of inbreeding. However, the averages for the coancestry coefficients were low (case I: 0.144; case II: 0.087), indicating genetic variability among the cultivars, which may be used in breeding programs.

Keywords:
pedigree; coancestry coefficient; degree of relationship; kinship analysis; mating system

Cultivars
‘IAC Alô Doçura’	‘IAC Delicioso Precoce’	‘IAC 6982-29’	‘IAC Padrão’
‘IAC Arlequim’	‘Diamante’	‘IAC 91-2’	‘IAC Pérola de Mairinque’
‘IAC Aurojima’	‘IAC Doçura’	‘IAC N 5483-19’	‘IAC Petisco’
‘IAC Aurora-1’	‘IAC Doçura-2’	‘IAC N 680-167’	‘IAC Petisco-2’
‘IAC Aurora-2’	‘IAC Doçura-3’	‘IAC Jóia-1’	‘IAC Precoce de Itupeva’
‘IAC Big Aurora’	‘IAC Doçura-4’	‘IAC Jóia-2’	‘Precocinho’
‘IAC Biuti’	‘IAC Douradão’	‘IAC Jóia-3’	‘Premier’
‘IAC Bolão’	‘IAC Dourado-1’	‘IAC Jóia-4’	‘IAC Régis’
‘IAC Branca de Guapiara’	‘IAC Dourado-2’	‘IAC Jóia-5’	‘Rei da Conserva’
‘IAC Campinas-1’	‘IAC Douragreen’	‘IAC Josefina’	‘IAC Relíquia’
‘IAC Canário’	‘Eldorado’	‘IAC Karina’	‘IAC Rosalina’
‘IAC Catita’	‘Flordaprince’	‘Maravilha’	‘IAC Setembrino’
‘IAC Catuiba’	‘IAC 1153-5’	‘Marli’	‘IAC Sol do Vale’
‘IAC Centenária’	‘IAC 280-28’	‘IAC Momo’	‘IAC Somel’
‘IAC Centenário’	‘IAC 282-24’	‘IAC Natal’	‘Sunred’
‘IAC Colibri’	‘IAC 2982-24’	‘IAC Néctar’	‘Sunripe’
‘IAC Colombina’	‘IAC 2982-32’	‘Okinawa’	‘IAC Supermel’
‘Coral’	‘IAC 371-2’	‘IAC Ouromel’	‘IAC Talismã’
‘IAC Cristal’	‘IAC 651’	‘IAC Ouromel-2’	‘IAC Tropical-1’
‘IAC Cristalino’	‘IAC 680-177’	‘IAC Ouromel-3’	‘IAC Tropical-2’
‘IAC Delícia’	‘IAC 680-178’	‘IAC Ouromel-4’	‘IAC Tutu’

Cultivar Founder	GC (%)	Cultivar Founder	GC (%)
‘15 de novembro’	1.23	‘NJN21’	4.29
‘Abóbora’	1.23	‘Okinawa’	4.29
‘Aldrighi’	1.23	‘Panamint’	7.97
‘Amsdem’	1.23	‘Peento’	1.84
‘Cardeal’	1.23	‘Perola de Itaquera’	5.37
‘Delicioso’	1.23	‘Precoce Rosado de Tatui’	1.84
‘Fla 3-4N’	1.84	‘Prelúdio’	1.23
‘FlordaWon’	1.23	‘Rei da Conserva’	13.64
‘Gaudério’	1.23	‘Rubi’	1.23
‘Halford 2’	1.84	‘Serrano’	1.23
‘Hawaiian’	3.53	‘Southland’	3.53
‘Highland’	2.15	‘Suber’	4.45
‘IAC 159-4-A1’	1.23	‘Sunlite’	1.84
‘Interludio’	1.23	‘Tos China’	4.29
‘Lake City’	5.83	‘Waldo’	14.24
‘Merril Princess’	1.23

Cultivar	F		Cultivar	F
	Case I	Case II		Case I	Case II
‘IAC Alô Doçura’	0.75	0.75	‘IAC Delicioso Precoce’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Arlequim’	0.50	0.50	‘Diamante’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Aurojima’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Doçura’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Aurora-1’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Doçura-2’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Aurora-2’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Doçura-3’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Big Aurora’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Doçura-4’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Biuti’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Douradão’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Bolão’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Dourado-1’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Branca de Guapiara’	0.75	0.75	‘IAC Dourado-2’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Campinas 1’	0.75	0.75	‘IAC Douragreen’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Canário’	0.75	0.75	‘Eldorado’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Catita’	0.75	0.75	‘Flordaprince’	0.55	0.54
‘IAC Catuiba’	0.75	0.75	‘IAC 1153-5’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Centenária’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC 280-28’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Centenário’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC 282-24’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Colibri’	0.75	0.75	‘IAC 2982-24’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Colombina’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC 2982-32’	0.50	0.50
‘Coral’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC 371-2’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Cristal’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC 651’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Cristalino’	0.75	0.75	‘IAC 680-177’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Delícia’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC 680-178’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC 6982-29’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Ouromel-4’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC 91-2’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Padrão’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC N 5483-19’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Pérola de Mairinque’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC N 680-167’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Petisco’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Jóia-1’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Petisco-2’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Jóia-2’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Precoce de Itupeva’	0.75	0.75
‘IAC Jóia-3’	0.50	0.50	‘Premier’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Jóia-4’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Régis’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Jóia-5’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Rei da Conserva’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Josefina’	0.88	0.50	‘IAC Relíquia’	0.50	0.50
‘IAC Karina’	0.88	0.50	‘IAC Rosalina’	0.75	0.50
‘Maravilha’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Setembrino’	0.75	0.75
‘Marli’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Sol do Vale’	0.75	0.75
‘IAC Momo’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Somel’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Natal’	0.75	0.50	‘Sunred’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Néctar’	0.50	0.50	‘Sunripe’	0.50	0.50
‘Okinawa’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Supermel’	0.75	0.75
‘IAC Ouromel’	0.75	0.75	‘IAC Talismã’	0.50	0.50
‘Precocinho’	0.75	0.50	‘IAC Tropical 1’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Ouromel-2’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Tropical 2’	0.75	0.50
‘IAC Ouromel-3’	0.50	0.50	‘IAC Tutu’	0.50	0.50

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