Progeny evaluation and early selection for plant height in <i>Acacia mearnsii</i> improve genetic gains

Bisognin, Dilson Antônio; Lencina, Kelen Haygert; Greff, Henrique Pinton; Tonetto, Thaise; Gazzana, Denise

doi:10.1590/1984-70332022v22n4a48

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTILCLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 22 (4) • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332022v22n4a48 copy

Progeny evaluation and early selection for plant height in Acacia mearnsii improve genetic gains

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Acacia mearnsii De Wild. is one of the most widely cultivated forest species in Brazil. Despite its importance, studies on breeding strategies for this species are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the progeny and develop early selection strategies for A. mearnsii. Individuals of half-sib progenies were classified according to their genotypic value and selected based on their relative performance. The additive effect was only significant for plant height. The best progenies and plants should be selected based on plant height after approximately 60 days of being in nursery and 2 years of field cultivation. This strategy eliminates the worse progenies, discards inferior genotypes in the nursery, eliminates unselected genotypes based on plant height before flowering, and intercrosses only the best plants in field cultivation. This resulted in an annual genetic gain of 3% for plant height and 2% for diameter at breast height.

Keywords:
Forest breeding; nursery; progeny test; intercrossing; indirect gain

Effects	Height	Diameter
Additive	22457.89**	8787.51
Plot	22443.46	8787.22
Permanent	22500.06**	9030.93**
Block	22441.09	8786.83
Full model	22441.04	8786.83
Component/Parameter¹
$V_{a}$	804.959152	6.647374
$V_{p l o t}$	67.197728	1.086394
$V_{p e r m}$	475.528671	36.290074
$V_{b l o c k}$	7.452678	0.066163
$V_{e}$	3411.500861	64.401656
$V_{p}$	4766.639089	108.491661
$h_{a}^{2}$	0.168874 ± 0.0472	0.061271 ± 0.0349
$c_{p l o t}^{2}$	0.014098	0.010014
$c_{p e r m}^{2}$	0.099762	0.334496
$c_{b l o c k}^{2}$	0.001564	0.000610
r	0.284296 ± 0.0307	0.406391 ± 0.0449
Overall mean	347.641679	45.971451

Progenies	a	SG	Nm	RP (%)
P060	57.4109	57.4109	405.0525	100.0
P102-2	45.9865	51.6987	399.3404	98.6
P135-2	29.7762	44.3912	392.0329	96.8
P012-1	26.5594	39.9332	387.5749	95.7
P119-2	25.1096	36.9685	384.6102	95.0
P037-1	20.158	34.1668	381.8084	94.3
P135-1	14.7054	31.3866	379.0283	93.6
P027-2	12.1788	28.9856	376.6273	93.0
P097-1	10.9559	26.9823	374.624	92.5
P011	9.0352	25.1876	372.8293	92.0
P113	5.9036	23.4345	371.0762	91.6
P032-1	5.3607	21.9284	369.57	91.2
P102-1	4.4661	20.5851	368.2268	90.9
P014-1	2.6632	19.305	366.9466	90.6
P016-1	1.7565	18.1351	365.7767	90.3
P030-1	-3.1539	16.8045	364.4462	90.0
P021	-3.6736	15.5999	363.2416	89.7
P014-2	-6.4065	14.3773	362.019	89.4
P020-1	-8.3021	13.1837	360.8254	89.1
P116-1	-8.9902	12.075	359.7167	88.8
P055-2	-9.5533	11.0451	358.6867	88.6
P133-1	-9.7257	10.1009	357.7426	88.3
P025	-10.5253	9.2041	356.8458	88.1
P027-1	-14.5025	8.2164	355.858	87.9
P140	-14.6444	7.3019	354.9436	87.6
P002-1	-18.4711	6.3107	353.9523	87.4
P119-3	-20.4015	5.3213	352.963	87.1
P119-1	-21.3619	4.3684	352.01	86.9
P055-1	-24.0517	3.3884	351.03	86.7
P001v	-24.4198	2.4614	350.1031	86.4
P075	-33.6764	1.2957	348.9374	86.1
P038	-40.1661	0	347.641	85.8

Effect	Plant height in nursery (cm)			Plant height in field (m)
Effect	51 days	76 days	125 days	280days	434 days	799 days	1100 days
Additive	1207.64**	1320.42**	1395.69**	-10.63	137.49	378.99**	428.72*
Parcel	1134.15	1227.53	1295.34	-8.8*	139.4	370.98*	422.1
Permanent	1134.33	1227.46	1295.33	-12.92	137.17	366.01	421.9
Full model	1134.13	1227.44	1295.33	-12.92	137.17	365.8	421.9
Component/ Parameter¹
$V_{a}$	85.558	165.179	199.080	0.085	0.051	1.091	0.699
$V_{p l o t}$	0.339	0.838	0.270	0.060	0.082	0.276	0.065
$V_{b l o c k}$	0.306	0.115	0.026	0.000	0.001	0.019	0.000
$V_{e}$	-45.278	-98.113	-114.880	0.191	0.447	0.158	0.976
$V_{p}$	40.925	68.019	84.496	0.336	0.580	1.545	1.741
$h_{a}^{2}$	0.500	0.537	0.539	0.173	0.102	0.290	0.218
$h_{a j}^{2}$	0.212	0.246	0.236	0.308	0.102	0.873	0.417
$c_{p l o t}^{2}$	0.008	0.012	0.003	0.177	0.141	0.179	0.038
$c_{b l o c k}^{2}$	0.007	0.002	0.000	0.001	0.001	0.013	0.000
CVgi (%)	24.484	25.767	21.760	10.092	4.601	11.344	7.065
CVgp (%)	12.242	12.884	10.880	5.046	2.301	5.672	3.533
CVe (%)	3.661	3.464	2.733	9.837	7.114	6.490	3.688
CVr	3.344	3.719	3.982	0.513	0.323	0.874	0.958
$h_{m p}^{2}$	0.985	0.988	0.990	0.612	0.386	0.821	0.846
$h_{a d}^{2}$	3.397	4.807	4.337	0.250	0.079	0.838	0.349
Acprog	0.993	0.994	0.995	0.782	0.621	0.906	0.920
Mean	37.78	49.88	64.84	2.89	4.91	9.21	11.83

Values	Height (m)	Diameter (cm)
Original mean	9.3	7.4
Improved mean	10.4	8.0
Selection gain	1.1	0.6
Selection gain (%)	11.8	8.1

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Fitotecnia, 36570-000 Viçosa - Minas Gerais/Brasil, Tel.: (55 31)3899-2611, Fax: (55 31)3899-2611 - Viçosa - MG - Brazil
E-mail: cbab@ufv.br

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[1] * E-mail: dilson.bisognin@ufsm.br