Stacking effective ASR and APR rust genes for multiple disease resistance in bread wheat cultivars

P, Rebekah Nisha; Panneer, Shajitha; Sivasamy, Murugasamy; P, Jayaprakash; Vikas, Venu Kumaran; Bhardwaj, SC; Gangwar, O. P.; V, Balaji; M, Gokulakrishna; Peter, John; Sivasamy, Vijaishree

doi:10.1590/1984-70332023v23n1a7

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 23 (1) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332023v23n1a7 copy

Stacking effective ASR and APR rust genes for multiple disease resistance in bread wheat cultivars

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Rusts and powdery mildews pose serious threats to wheat and have caused substantial yield losses worldwide. Host resistance is the most economical and sustainable approach for managing such diseases. In this study, an effective leaf rust resistance gene Lr45-derived from Secale cereale L. and a linked stem rust and powdery mildew resistance gene Sr36/Pm6-derived from Triticum timopheevii were successfully pyramided. They were validated into well-adapted Indian wheat cultivars that were already carrying the APR stem rust gene Sr2/Lr27/Yr30 through marker-assisted backcross selection (MABC) following two parallel backcrossing schemes. Three efficiently linked microsatellite markers, G372₁₈₅ (Lr45), Stm773-2(Sr36), and Xgwm533 (Sr2), were used to confirm introgression of these genes. Lines with resistance genes in each background showed improved agronomic traits in comparison to their recurrent parents. These lines could be used in wheat improvement programs as potentially resistant stocks for leaf, stem rusts and powdery mildew to develop new wheat cultivars.

Keywords:
T. aestivum; Lr45; Sr36/Pm6; Sr2; pink awns

Parent/ Cross	Details	Seedling response leaf rust pathotypes					Seedling response stem rust pathotype					Adult plant response			Marker confirmation
Parent/ Cross	Details	12−5	77−1	77−5	77−8	77−9	104−2	11	40A	40−2	117−6	Leaf rust	Stem rust	PM	Lr45 (G372 ₁₈₅₎	Sr36/ Pm6 (stm773)	Sr2 (Xgwm533)
HD 2329	RP		-	3+	3+	3+	1	2=	2C	-	-	80S	60S	6	-	-	+
HW 3641	HD2329 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)	-	0	-	0	-		0	0		-	F	F	0	+	+	+
HD2402	RP	-	1	33+	-	3+	3+	12	12	0	-	40S	20S	6	-	-	+
HW 3642	HD2402 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)	-	0	0	-	-		0	-	0		F	F	0	+	+	+
LOK-1	RP	33+	3+	3+	3+	3+	3+	3+	3+	0	3+	60S	60S	7	-	-	+
HW 3654	LOK-1 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)		0	1		-	1	12	0	-	0	F	F	0	+	+	+
MACS2496	RP	22+	12	3+	0	-	3+	2=	-	0	2=	20S	F	6	-	-	+
HW 3655	MACS2496 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)	0	-	0	0	-	-	-	-	0	0	F	F	0	+	+	+
NIAW 34	RP	23	3+	X+3	-	3+	3+	-	12	2=	-	40S	20S	6	-	-	+
HW 3657	NIAW34 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)	-	-	0	-	-		0	0	-	0	F	F	0	+	+	+
RAJ 3077	RP	-	1	23	-	3+	33+	-	-		-	80S	20S	7	-	-	+
HW 3662	RAJ3077 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)	0	-	0	-	-	-	2+	12	0	-	F	F	0	+	+	+
PBW 343	RP	-	3+	3+	0	3+	3+	2=	0			40S	F	7	-	-	+
HW 3660	PBW343 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)	-	-	0	-	-		0	0	0	0	F	F	0	+	+	+
PBW 502	RP	33+	3+	3+	0	3	3+	-	-	-		40S	F	7	-	-	+
HW 3661	PBW502 (Lr45, Sr36/Pm6, Sr2+)	-	-	0	0	-	-	-	2=	0	-	F	F	0	+	+	+
RL6144 (Lr45)	Donor	0	-	0		-	-	0	3+	0	0	F	60S	4	+	-	+
COOK (Sr36/Pm6)	Donor	3+	-	0	3+	3+	3+	-	2−	1	-	80S	F	0	-	+	-

Parent/Cross	PH (cm)#	NPT	SPL (cm)	GNS	TGW (g)
HD 2329	70 ±2.07	8 ±0.54	9 ±0.25	51 ±3.42	26 ±0.83
HW 3641	80 ±1.65*	10 ±2.60*	9 ±0.13	48 ±2.12*	40 ±0.54*
HD2402	82 ±1.14	11 ±0.54	9 ±0.26	55 ±2.68	34 ±1.14
HW 3642	84 ±1.51*	12 ±1.67	12 ±0.54	56 ±1.64*	39 ±0.89*
LOK-1	89 ±0.65	7 ±1.09	9 ±0.2	45 ±2.12	32 ±1.22
HW 3654	75 ±2.75*	10 ±1.47*	10 ±1.03*	51 ±3.99*	34 ±2.45
MACS2496	89 ±0.68	8 ±0.89	11.2 ±0.22	65 ±3.87	32 ±0.54
HW 3655	90 ±1.03*	9 ±0.83	11.2 ±0.56	64 ±2.50	42 ±0.45**
NIAW 34	87 ±0.83	8 ±0.54	8.5 ±0.08	57 ±2.12	34 ±1.14
HW 3657	76 ±2.96*	12 ±1.64*	9 ±0.08	55 ±1.64	31 ±1.09**
RAJ 3077	83 ±2.12	9 ±0.89	7.7 ±0.17	45 ±2.12	24 ±1.14
HW 3662	82 ±1.51	14 ±1.30*	10.2 ±0.79*	49 ±1.64*	32 ±0.70*
PBW 343	83 ±2.38	12 ±1.09	8.6 ±0.11	54 ±2.68	28 ±2.07
HW 3660	80 ±2.02	14 ±0.70*	9.9 ±0.37*	61 ±2.68*	30 ±0.54*
PBW 502	74 ±1.14	9 ±0.54	9.8 ±0.20	51 ±2.12	26 ±1.92
HW 3661	82 ±1.17*	13 ±2.12*	10.6 ±0.65*	56 ±1.64*	32 ±0.70*

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