Genetic parameters considering traits of importance for cassava biofortification

Santos, Vanderlei da Silva; Fukuda, Wânia Maria Gonçalves; Oliveira, Luciana Alves de; Pereira, Marcio Eduardo Canto; Nuti, Marilia Regini; Carvalho, José Luiz Viana de; Pereira, Helcio Duarte

doi:10.1590/1984-70332023v23n2a23

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Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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ARTICLE • Crop Breed. Appl. Biotechnol. 23 (2) • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332023v23n2a23 copy

Genetic parameters considering traits of importance for cassava biofortification

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Twenty six sweet cassava clones were evaluated in two agricultural years, in randomized block design, with 3 replications and plots with 25 plants. The harvests were at 12 months after planting, in both years. The traits evaluated were root yield (RY), dry matter content (DMC), total carotenoids content (TC), β-carotene content (BC), trans-β-carotene content (TrBC) and total cyanide content (TCy). Genotype was significant (P<0.05) in all traits. Broad-sense heritability estimates at the plot level ${(h}_{m g}^{2}$ ) ranged from 77% (RY) to 93% (TC and TrBC), while the accuracy ranged from 0.88 (RY) to 0.96 (BC and TrBC). The genetic correlations among TC, BC and TrBC were high (0.96 to 0.99) and significant, and the genetic correlations involving these traits and TCy were negative. These results demonstrate the existence of great genetic variability in characteristics important to cassava biofortification and, consequently, great perspectives in the breeding for this purpose.

Keywords:
Mixed models; carotenoids; beta-carotene; sweet cassava; Manihot esculenta

Progeny	Number of clones	Parents
Progeny	Number of clones	Female	Male
2003 01	2	1667	1721
2003 03	7	1667	1668
2003 05	1	1668	1692
2003 06	1	1668	1721
2003 07	2	1668	1722
2003 14	4	1692	1721
2003 15	1	1692	1668
2003 17	1	1722	1692
2003 18	2	1722	1721
2003 20	1	1721	1668
2003 23	4	456	1722

LRT	RY	DMC	TC	BC	TrBC	TCy
Genotypes	12.31^**	19.16^**	34.64^**	30.4^**	33.72^**	15.23^**
Interactions	12.86^**	0.18	0.31	4.1^*	3.5	5.6^*

Estimates	RY	DMC	TC	BC	TrBC	TCy
CV_e (%)	26.95	6.64	11.04	10.91	13.42	27.26
CV_g (%)	35.56	6.79	18.17	19.88	26.08	32.54
b (CV_g/CV_e)	1.32	1.02	1.65	1.82	1.94	1.19
$σ_{g}^{2}$ *	23.48	4.67	1.84	1.48	1.74	393.16
$h_{g}^{2}$ (%)	51	50	72	72	75	51
$h_{m g}^{2}$ (%)	77	85	93	91	93	81
Accuracy	0.88	0.92	0.96	0.96	0.96	0.90
Phenotypic Mean	13.51	31.79	7.49	6.16	5.09	61.35

Correlation	RY	DMC	TC	BC	TrBC	TCy
RY	-	0.07	-0.05	-0.09	-0.13	-0.19
DMC	0.28	-	0.28	0.29	0.20	-0.38
TC	0.19	0.34 ^*	-	0.97	0.95	-0.33
BC	0.21	0.33^*	0.99^*	-	0.98	-0.33
TrBC	0.11	0.19	0.96^*	0.98^*	-	-0.26
TCy	-0.34	-0.58^*	-0.37^*	-0.39^*	-0.27	-

Clones	RY	DMC	TC	BC	TrBC	TCy
1	12.86	33.93	7	5.43	3.66	40.71
2	8.4	31.95	7.25	5.96	4.9	43.47
3	19.08*	30.9	6.89	5.78	4.96	51.55
4	15.19	33.37	10.51	8.77	7.85	38.64
5	12.5	32.96	10.03	8.40	7.69	54.35
6	13.08	30.28	6.67	5.68	4.8	62.25
7	13.66	31.97	5.29	4.15	2.83	53.51
8	18.3	27.15	6.1	4.85	3.88	83.94
9	12.82	30.49	8.01	6.59	5.76	70.46
10	20.05	33.94	8.41	6.97	5.9	35.53
11	14.11	32.3	8.57	6.62	5.56	82.67
12	7.08	31.73	5.5	4.2	3.3	72.16
13	11.26	32.4	6.58	5.24	3.74	54.26
14	8.37	32.62	9.02	7.52	6.69	55.01
15	17.98	32.48	7.45	5.95	4.43	46.97
16	19.45	34.51	8.27	7.01	5.55	50.94
17	15.79	32.84	8.46	7.11	5.96	51.94
18	12.56	31.31	7.39	6.12	5.13	71.04
19	14.34	29.03	7.85	6.6	5.84	50.11
20	11.33	32.15	7.47	6.3	5.37	61.04
21	9.57	27.21	7.25	5.89	5.14	110.51
22	9.14	32.15	7.68	6.38	5.44	80.25
23	22.88	35.78	6.92	5.74	4.35	66.74
24	16.37	30.49	7.02	5.8	4.35	57.92
25	11.64	32.61	7.56	6.44	5.34	47.21
26	6.45	30.66	4.8	3.85	2.9	90.93
Mean	13.63	31.82	7.46	6.13	5.05	60.93

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