Experiments were carried out to establish conditions and to access varietal effects for wheat androgenesis. The varieties PF 853031, a standard known for androgenic capacity, and the IAC 24 of high agronomic value, were tested in two culture mediums, potato-2 and N6, including two auxins, IAA and 2.4-D, at 3, 9 and 27 ìmol/L, and kinetin, at 2, 6, 12 and 24 µmol/L. The experiment was installed in factorial design with six blocks and 20 anthers per plate (a block). About 5,760 anthers were plated per variety. The experiment was left in a photoperiodic room with (a) 14 h of cool fluorescent light, 60 ìmol.m-2.s-1 (3,200 lux), at temperature of 25°C, and (b) pretreated in dark at 6°C for four days, then backed to a. The variety IAC 24 showed higher androgenic capacity than the PF 853031 variety, in medium potato-2, 2.4-D at 27 ìmol/L and kinetin from 2 to 6 µmol/L. Cold treatment for four days was beneficial in improving androgenesis to both varieties. Five other varieties were studied, PF 853048, as a androgenic control, IAC 21, BH 1146, IAC 60 and Anahuac; two culture mediums, potato-2 and N6, along with two hormonal combinations, CH1 (IAA 10 µmol/L and kinetin 30 µmol/L) and CH2 (2.4-D 10µmol/L and kin 3 .mol/L) in the condition as (b) above. The standard variety PF 853048 ranked first and Anahuac, the second in terms of androgenic response. However, plants were only obtained from PF 853048. It is likely that the androgenic effect is under genotype control in wheat. The hormonal combination 10 µmol/L of 2.4-D and 3 µmol/L of kinetin were observed to induce higher androgenic response. Regenerated plants were potted and left to flower. All of them showed to be infertile, but produced seeds after colchicine treatment.
wheat; Triticum aestivum L.; anther culture; dihaploids; varieties; growth regulators