Some results of peanut breeding (Arachis hypogaea L.) are presented in this paper. Using progeny selection, the varieties have been compared for three years, at three different experiment stations. The characters studied were fruit production and oil percentage. The B-33, C-42 and Spanish-2B varieties yielded more fruits and produced more oil per hectare. The C-42 and Spanish-2B presented the highest percentage of oil. The Roxo variety was the worst as far as oil percentage and fruit production are concerned. No difference was noted among the progenies in the normal years 1953-54 and 1954-55; in the 1955-56 period, with bad environmental conditions, C-42-2, B-33-7 T and Ro-5 were the best ones. The dara showed also that 60 cm is the best spacing between rows.