DEC1: a potential biomarker of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia

MAO, Ting; XIONG, Haofeng; HU, Xin; HU, Yue; WANG, Can; YANG, Liudi; HUANG, Danni; XIA, Kun; SU, Tong

doi:10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0052

Ting MAO

Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Center of Stomatology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7750-0247

Haofeng XIONG

Central South University, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3213-4041

Xin HU

Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Center of Stomatology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1430-0672

Yue HU

Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Center of Stomatology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4494-4893

Can WANG

Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Center of Stomatology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7347-9233

Liudi YANG

Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Center of Stomatology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3625-1069

Danni HUANG

Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Center of Stomatology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1562-4724

Kun XIA

Central South University, Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-6002

Tong SU

Central South University, Xiangya Hospital, Center of Stomatology, Changsha, Hunan, China.

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-3999

Corresponding Author: Tong Su E-mail: sutong@csu.edu.cn

Declaration of Interests: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript.

Figures (3)
Tables (3)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Immunohistochemical expression of DEC1 in oral normal mucosa (NM), oral leukoplakia (OLK) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC): (A) DEC1 immunohistochemical staining was observed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus and was successively increased in NM, OLK and OSCC. Scale bar (left side) = 200 μm, scale bar (right side) = 50 μm. (B) The MOD of DEC1 expression increased in turn, and the difference was statistically significant. The difference between NM and OSCC was the most obvious, followed by differences between NM and OLK, and OLK and OSCC. *indicates p <0 .05, *** indicates p < 0.001, ****indicates p < 0.0001, the bar on the column refers to SEM: Structural Equation Modeling.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
The connection between te expression of DEC1 and the degree of epithelial dysplasia with oral leukoplakia (OLK): (A) Immunohistochemical staining for DEC1 in the OLK group. Scale bar (left side) = 100 μm, scale bar (right side) = 25 μm. (B) In the OLK group, the expression of DEC1 in the mild dysplasia subgroup (M-OLK) was higher than that in the hyperkeratosis without dysplasia subgroup (H-OLK) and lower than that in the moderate to severe dysplasia subgroup (S-OLK). The difference between H-OLK and S-OLK was statistically significant. *indicates p < 0.05, the bar on the column refers to SEM: Structural Equation Modeling.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Differential expression of DEC1 between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) that originated from oral leukoplakia (OLK) and other OSCC: (A) Immunohistochemical staining for DEC1 in OSCC and OLK-OSCC. Scale bar (left side) = 200 μm, scale bar (right side) = 50 μm. (B) The expression of DEC1 in the OSCC group in OSCC that originated from OLK was higher than that in OSCC that did not, and the difference was statistically significant. **indicates p < 0.01, the bar on the column refers to SEM: Structural Equation Modeling.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Clinicopathological informations.

Thumbnail

Table 2
The samples were grouped according to histopathological grading and the specific clinical details after grouping.

Thumbnail

Table 3
Analysis of association between clinicopathological information and DEC1 expression.

Clinicopathological features	Number of samples	%
Age (years)
>50	36	46.8
≤ 50	41	53.2
Gender
Male	71	92.2
Famale	6	7.8
Site
Tongue	56	72.7
Buccal	19	24.7
Gingiva	2	2.6
Histopathological grading
Hyperkeratosis without dysplasia	12	15.6
Mild dysplasia	21	27.3
Moderate and severe dysplasia	14	18.2
OSCC risen from oral leukoplakia	12	15.6
OSCC	18	23.4
Habits
Tobacco	NA
Alcohol
Areca nut chewing

Clinicopathological features	Hyperkeratosis without dysplasia	Mild dysplasia	Moderate and severe dysplasia	OSCC risen from oral leukoplakia	OSCC	Total	Control
Gender
Male	12	19	13	11	16	71	NA
Famale	0	2	1	1	2	6
Age(years)
Age range	35–67	29–64	27–85	36–69	40–67	27–85
Mean age	49.00	46.48	51.64	50	54.11	50.14
Anatomic site
Buccal	2	8	3	0	6	19
Tongue	10	13	11	12	10	56
Gingiva	0	0	0	0	2	2
Numbers	12	21	14	12	18	77	11

Clinicopathological features	High expression of DEC1	%	Low expression of DEC1	%	Total	Control	p-value
Age (years)							> 0.05
>50	28	22	8	78	36	NA
≤ 50	32	22	9	78	41
Gender							> 0.05
Male	54	76.1	17	23.9	71
Famale	6	100	0	0	6
Site							> 0.05
Tongue	42	75	14	25	56
Buccal	16	84.2	3	15.8	19
Gingiva	2	100	0	0	2
Histopathological grading						___	> 0.05
Hyperkeratosis without dysplasia	8	66.7	4	33.3	12
Mild dysplasia	17	81	4	19	21
Moderate and severe dysplasia	10	71.4	4	28.6	14
OSCC risen from oral leukoplakia	12	100	0	0	12
OSCC	13	72.2	5	27.8	18

[1] Corresponding Author: Tong Su E-mail: sutong@csu.edu.cn

Brasil

Brasil

DEC1: a potential biomarker of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia

Abstract