The Seridó/Borborema region is located between the States Paraíba and Rio Grande do Norte and a priority area for conservation of the Caatinga. This region is under the hydrological influence of the middle portion of Piranhas-Açu River basin. Previous systematic inventories of the ichthyofauna of this Caatinga’s area are not significant. The Caatinga fish fauna is threatened due the advancement of historic anthropogenic activities, mainly agricultural. Furthermore, another relevant aspect is the recent governmental decision of transferring water from São Francisco River to other Northern river basins, which includes the Piranhas-Açu basin. This study performed a systematic survey of the Seridó/Borborema’s ichthyofauna. The sites were sampled during the years 2006 and 2007 (four annual, diurnal samples), using three different types of gear: beach seine nets, cast net and gillnets. We captured 13,009 individuals of 5 orders, 14 families, 28 genera and 35 species of fish. The predominant orders were Characiformes (21 species), Siluriformes (6) and Perciformes (5). The greatest number of species (11) was catch from the family Characidae, followed by Cichlidae (5) and Loricariidae (4). This inventory produced a comprehensive sampling of the middle portion of Piranhas-Açu River basin and its result overcomes the diversity reported in previous studies (22 species) on the same region.
Inventory; Fish; Piranhas-Açu River; Caatinga; Northeastern Brazil
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