Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Patients Present Blood Parameters Changed, According to Use of Therapy and the CD4+ T Cells Count

Tasca, Karen Ingrid; Souza, Lenice do Rosário de

doi:10.1590/s2175-97902022e20808

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Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Article • Braz. J. Pharm. Sci. 58 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e20808 copy

Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Patients Present Blood Parameters Changed, According to Use of Therapy and the CD4+ T Cells Count

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

In HIV-patients, the imbalance in immunological, hematological and biochemical factors can contribute to the progression to AIDS and non-AIDS comorbidities, even during combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to analyze some of these parameters in 138 different asymptomatic HIV-infected patients, doing multiple comparisons between the groups, which are dichotomized in the presence / absence of cART and type of immune response (immunological responders [iR,>500cells/mL] or non-responders [iNR,<500cells/ mL]). Were analyzed cytokines and other routine laboratory parameters. Our results showed high creatine phosphokinase and low IL-10 levels in cART-patients. They also presented metabolic alterations, including elevations in total cholesterol and triglycerides, particularly in those iNR. In ART-iR an increased alanine aminotransferase was observed. Those NAÏVE-iNR presented high LDL-cholesterol, C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase values. The long-term non-progressors (LTNP) showed the best laboratory results. In conclusion, many blood parameters were changed in HIV-patients, especially in those under cART. To identify LTNP individuals could be important to discussions their early therapeutic onset.

Keywords:
HIV/AIDS; Antiretroviral therapy; Metabolic dysfunctions; Biochemical exams; Hematological exams; Metabolic alterations

Variables	NAIVE-iNR⁽¹⁾	NAIVE-iR⁽²⁾	LTNP⁽³⁾	ART-iR⁽⁴⁾	ART-iNR⁽⁵⁾	p value
Variables	NAIVE-iNR⁽¹⁾	NAIVE-iR⁽²⁾	LTNP⁽³⁾	ART-iR⁽⁴⁾	ART-iNR⁽⁵⁾	(five groups)
CD4+ T (cells/mL)	335.5 ± 145.2*^2-4	691.3 ± 120.9	862.1 ± 360.1	841.1 ± 243.9	345.5 ± 136.9*^2-4	<0.001
CD8+ T (cells/mL)	1018.2 ± 852.4	1444.9 ± 751.0*^1,4,5	1261.3 ± 672.6	932.5 ± 289.6	886.8 ± 553.3	<0.010
CD4+ T nadir (cells/mL)	316.5 ± 143.7*²	568.7 ± 122.9	526.5 ± 244.5	294.4 ± 162.2*^1,2	98.1 ± 92.4*^all	<0.010
Viral load (copies [x10³] /mL)	413 ± 1188*^2,3	41 ± 65	36 ± 79	undetectable	undetectable	<0.001
Platelets (cells/mL)	232.0 ± 98.7	266.9 ± 70.5	219.7 ± 61.3	272.4 ± 72.9	241.4 ± 53.4	ns
Red blood cells (cells/mL)	5.1 ± 0.5	5.1 ± 0.3	5.1 ± 0.4	4.1 ± 0.6	4.7 ± 0.5	ns
Leucocytes (cells/mL)	5.2 ± 1.4*²	7.1 ± 2.0	6.3 ± 1.1	6.9 ± 2.3	5.8 ± 1.9	<0.050
Neutrophils (%)	54.2 ± 14.8	50.9 ± 11.5	52.0 ± 11.1	53.2 ± 11.2	56.1 ± 9.7	ns
Lymphocytes (%)	34.4 ± 13.1	36.8 ± 10.8	39.2 ± 8.6*^1,5	35.5 ± 8.7	33.1 ± 8.1	<0.050
Monocytes (%)	7.4 ± 2.0	6.6 ± 1.7	7.1 ± 2.4	6.7 ± 1.7	7.1 ± 1.9	ns
Eosinophils (%)	4.4 ± 5.2	4.6 ± 6.8	0.9 ± 0.3*^all	3.0 ± 1.8*^1,2	2.9 ± 2.9*^1,2	<0.010
Basophils (%)	0.8 ± 0.3	0.8 ± 0.2	0.7 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.4	0.8 ± 0.4	ns
CPK (U/L)	111.7 ± 100.8	101.7 ± 52.7	60.7 ± 24.4	183.7 ± 231.9*^1,2,3	153.7 ± 210.4*³	<0.050
LDH (U/L)	503.5 ±83.7*⁵	483.4 ± 122.9	443.2 ± 54.1	448.3 ± 86.2	436.7 ± 89,1	<0.050
CRP (mg/dL)	0.9 ± 0.4*^all	0.7 ± 0.6	0.5 ± 0.0*⁵	0.7 ± 0.3	0.7 ± 0.4	<0.050
Total Proteins (g/dL)	8.5 ± 0.6	8.6 ± 0.7	8.1 ± 0.9	7.7 ± 0.8*^1,2	8.0 ± 0.5	<0.010
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.9 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.1	0.8 ± 0.2	0.8 ± 0.1	ns
AST (U/L)	35.8 ± 20.6	33.0 ± 12.8	27.5 ± 8.9	33.6 ± 11.7	28.8 ± 11.0	ns
ALT (U/L)	44.6 ± 36.9	40.5 ± 31.0	38.5 ± 12.3	43.0 ± 21.5*⁵	33.6 ± 12.8	<0.050

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, n. 580, 05508-000 S. Paulo/SP Brasil, Tel.: (55 11) 3091-3824 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: bjps@usp.br

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[1] *Correspondence: K. I. Tasca. Departamento de Doenças Tropicais. Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu. Universidade Estadual Paulista / UNESP. Av. Prof. Mário Rubens G. Montenegro, s/n. Bairro: UNESP - Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brasil. CEP: 18618-687. Phone: (+55)14-38141641. E-mail: karenitasca@hotmail.com.