Silício como atenuador de estresse hídrico em plantas de <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. tratadas com dietholate

Cassol, J. C.; Sponchiado, D.; Dornelles, S. H. B.; Tabaldi, L. A.; Barreto, E. P. M.; Pivetta, M.; Lopes, S. J.

doi:10.1590/1519-6984.235052

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Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Sumário

Original Article • Braz. J. Biol. 81 (4) • Oct-Dec 2021 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.235052 copiar

Silício como atenuador de estresse hídrico em plantas de Oryza sativa L. tratadas com dietholate

Autoria SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Resumo

O silício (Si) é um elemento que pode proporcionar melhor crescimento e desenvolvimento às plantas de arroz cultivadas em ambientes com deficiência hídrica, por ser um estimulador enzimático, promovendo sinalização para produção de compostos antioxidantes. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a relação entre deficiência hídrica e o efeito do Si em duas cultivares de arroz tratadas com dietholate. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, com três repetições e os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 3x2x2x4, sendo os fatores: três condições hídricas do solo (50%, 100% da capacidade de retenção de água no solo (CRA) e lâmina d’água de 5,0 cm), duas cultivares (IRGA 424 RI e Guri INTA CL), duas fontes de Si (metassilicato de sódio e metassilicato de potássio) e quatro doses de Si (0; 4,0; 8,0 e 16 g L^-1). O índice de clorofila a e b, a área foliar e o teor de massa seca da parte aérea e raiz aumentaram com o aumento das doses de Si nas três condições hídricas do solo. Houve um aumento na atividade das enzimas superóxido dismutase e guaiacol peroxidase nas cultivares estudadas à medida que as doses de Si aumentaram, diminuindo a peroxidação de lipídios, causada pela restrição hídrica. Portanto, o Si atenua o estresse por déficit hídrico em plantas de arroz emergentes de sementes tratadas com dietholate.

Palavras-chave:
déficit hídrico; arroz; peroxidação de lipídeos

RATES OF Si	CULTIVAR	SOURCES OF Si	WATER SOIL CONDITIONS
			Shoot dry			Root dry
			50% WRC	100% WRC	Water blade	50% WRC	100% WRC	Water blade
0 g L^-1	Guri INTA CL	Potassium metasilicate	0.26 b^* * Means not followed by the same uppercase letter in the column were statistically different for different Si sources and the same lowercase letter on the row differed for soil water regimes in the Tukey test (p≤0.05). WRC: Soil Water Retention Capacity.	0.47 b	0.69 a	0.19 b	0.22 b	0.60 a
		Sodium metasilicate		0.47 b	0.69 a	0.19 b	0.22 b	0.60 a
	IRGA 424RI	Potassium metasilicate	0.30 b	0.40 b	0.67 a	0.13 a	0.20 a	0.24 a
		Sodium metasilicate
4.0 g L^-1	Guri INTA CL	Potassium metasilicate	0.36 Ab	0.51 Ab	0.79 Aa	0.11 Ab	0.16 Ab	0.45 Aa
		Sodium metasilicate	0.46 Ab	0.61 Ab	0.9 Aa	0.27 Ab	0.30 Ab	0.59 Aa
	IRGA 424RI	Potassium metasilicate	0.36 Ab	0.46 Aab	0.63 Ba	0.18 Aa	0.31 Aa	0.34 Ba
		Sodium metasilicate	0.39 Ab	0.46 Ab	0.83 Aa	0.17 Ab	0.34 Ab	1.18 Aa
8.0 g L^-1	Guri INTA CL	Potassium metasilicate	0.43 Ab	0.58 Aab	0.76 Aa	0.13 Ab	0.29 Ab	2.60 Aa
		Sodium metasilicate	0.53 Ab	0.66 Ab	0.93 Aa	0.26 Ab	0.29 Ab	1.99 Ba
	IRGA 424RI	Potassium metasilicate	0.44 Ba	0.53 Aa	0.65 Aa	0.21 Ac	0.41 Ab	0.68 Ba
		Sodium metasilicate	0.80 Aa	0.69 Aa	0.76 Aa	0.19 Ab	0.30 Ab	1.71 Aa
16 g L^-1	Guri INTA CL	Potassium metasilicate	0.61 Ab	0.71 Aab	0.89 Ba	0.16 Ab	0.29 Ab	2.22 Aa
		Sodium metasilicate	0.58 Ab	0.73 Ab	1.21 Aa	0.30 Ab	0.38 Ab	2.01 Ba
	IRGA 424RI	Potassium metasilicate	0.50 Bb	0.84 Aa	1.04 Aa	0.32 Ab	0.50 Ab	1.03 Ba
		Sodium metasilicate	0.85 Aa	0.82 Aa	0.96 Aa	0.24 Ab	0.24 Bb	2.14 Aa
			CV (%) = 17.73			CV (%) = 18.25

RATES OF Si	SOURCES OF Si	CULTIVAR	WATER SOIL CONDITIONS
			Shoot dry			Root dry
			50% WRC	100% WRC	Water blade	50% WRC	100% WRC	Water blade
0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.25 A^* * Means not followed by the same uppercase letter in the column were statistically different between cultivars in the Tukey test (p≤0.05). WRC: Soil Water Retention Capacity.	0.46 A	0.76 A	0.14 A	0.18 A	0.38 A
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.30 A	0.40 A	0.63 A	0.11 A	0.12 A	0.22 B
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.28 A	0.48 A	0.63 A	0.24 A	0.26 A	0.81 A
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.30 A	0.43 A	0.70 A	0.16 A	0.27 A	0.26 B
4.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.37 A	0.51 A	0.79 A	0.11 A	0.16 A	0.59 B
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.36 A	0.46 A	0.63 A	0.18 A	0.31 A	1.19 A
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.46 A	0.61 A	0.83 A	0.27 A	0.31 A	0.45 A
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.39 A	0.46 A	0.90 A	0.18 A	0.34 A	0.34 A
8.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.43 A	0.58 A	0.76 A	0.13 A	0.29 A	1.99 A
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.44 A	0.53 A	0.65 A	0.21 A	0.41 A	1.71 B
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.53 B	0.66 A	0.93 A	0.26 A	0.30 A	2.60 A
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.80 A	0.69 A	0.76 A	0.19 A	0.30 A	0.68 B
16.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.61 A	0.71 A	0.89 A	0.16 A	0.29 B	2.01 A
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.50 A	0.84 A	1.04 A	0.32 A	0.50 A	2.14 A
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.58 B	0.73 A	1.21 A	0.30 A	0.38 A	2.22 A
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.85 A	0.82 A	0.96 B	0.24 A	0.25 A	1.03 B
			CV (%) = 17.73			CV (%) = 18.25

RATES OF Si	SOURCES OF Si	WATER SOIL CONDITIONS
		50% WRC	100% WRC		Water blade
		CHLOROPHYLL a
0 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	21.45 a^* * Means for the Si source not followed by the same uppercase letter in the column and the same lowercase letter on the row were statistically different for soil water regimes in the Tukey test (p≤0.05). WRC: soil water retention capacity.	25.9 a		25.97 a
0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate
4.0 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	26.68 Ab	28.91 Ab		36.25 Aa
4.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	30.16 Ab	29.63 Ab		38.43 Aa
8.0 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	28.13 Bb	31.68 Ab		39.15 Aa
8.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	32.30 Aab	30.18 Ab		38.85 Aa
16 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	32.33 Ab	36.62 Aab		41.58 Aa
16 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	35.00 Ab	33.95 Ab		43.61 Aa
		CV (%)= 16.54
		CHLOROPHYLL b
0 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	5.71 b		7.58 ab		8.46 a
0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate
4.0 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	6.88 Ab		7.80 Ab		9.26 Ba
4.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	7.93 Ab		8.05 Ab		11.06 Aa
8.0 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	7.33 Ab		8.37 Ab		10.78 Aa
8.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	8.08 Ab		8.11 Ab		10.50 Aa
16 g L^-1	Sodium metasilicate	8.25 Ab		9.51 Ab		11.25 Aa
16 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	8.63 Ab		8.74 Ab		11.83 Aa
		CV (%) = 11.13

RATES OF Si	SOURCES OF Si	CULTIVAR	WATER SOIL CONDITIONS
RATES OF Si	SOURCES OF Si	CULTIVAR	50% WRC	100% WRC	Water blade
0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0700 Aa^* * Means not followed by the same uppercase letter in the column were statistically different between cultivars and the same lowercase letter on the rows for soil water regimes in the Tukey test (p≤0.05). WRC: soil water retention capacity.	0.010 Bb	0.0100 Ab
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0500 Ba	0.040 Aa	0.0100 Ab
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0170 Ba	0.200 Ab	0.0130 Ab
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0400 Aa	0.0170 Aa	0.0170 Aa
4.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0200 Aa	0.0100 Aa	0.0100 Aa
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0100 Aa	0.0130 Aa	0.0100 Aa
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0100 Aa	0.0100 Aa	0.0130 Aa
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0033 Aa	0.0100 Aa	0.0100 Aa
8.0 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0100 Aa	0.0100 Aa	0.0133 Aa
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0100 Aa	0.1000 Aa	0.0067 Aa
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0033 Aa	0.0070 Aa	0.0100 Aa
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0000 Aa	0.0100 Aa	0.0067 Aa
16 g L^-1	Potassium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0067 Aa	0.0066 Aa	0.0067 Aa
	Potassium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0033 Aa	0.0066 Aa	0.0067 Aa
	Sodium metasilicate	Guri INTA CL	0.0033 Aa	0.0030 Aa	0.0030 Aa
	Sodium metasilicate	IRGA 424RI	0.0000 Aa	0.0067 Aa	0.0070 Aa
		CV (%) = 75.42

RATES OF Si	WATER SOIL CONDITIONS
RATES OF Si	50% WRC	100% WRC	Water blade
0 g L^-1	66.67 a^* * Means not followed by the same letter on the row were statistically different for differing soil water regimes in the Tukey test (p≤0.05). WRC: soil water retention capacity.	76.69 a	67.32 a
4.0 g L^-1	81.49 a	83.20 a	74.57 a
8.0 g L^-1	98.61 a	104.74 a	78.76 b
16 g L^-1	112.68 a	120.86 a	82.21 b
	CV (%) = 17.78

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