Recently, a fact that occurred in the city of Curitiba/PR caused a huge national impact and raised questions about euthanasia, a controversial topic that is rarely discussed by the population, what led the realization of this article. The objective of this work is to analyze bioethical aspects involved in death process: euthanasia, orthotanasia and the principle of autonomy. This is a reflective literature review based on an article published in the media that shows the point of view of medical students on this topic. The euthanasia is considered an illegal practice according to national legislation and goes against the medicine principles, since the professionals in this field are trained to work for the maintenance of life. Orthotanasia should not be confused with that practice, and it seems to be the best way to be adopted by patients with terminal diseases and intense mental and physical pain.
Euthanasia; Orthothanasia; Dysthanasia; Bioethics; Professional autonomy; Personal autonomy