Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract: Flow maps represent data over time that connect different locations. A cartographic representation for different vehicle’s flows with color hue variation, ideally, could be well succeed for users having Normal Color Vision (NCV) or having Color Vision Deficiency (CVD). The scientific research about reading flow maps by people having NCV or CVD is not clearly established, mainly when considering the perceptual properties present in the static and dynamic visual variables. This work aims to evaluate and compare the usability (effectiveness, efficiency, and satisfaction) of static and dynamic flow maps reading which were represented by using ordered hues, with 10 people having CVD and with 10 people having NCV. An area located in the city of Presidente Prudente, state of São Paulo, was selected to design eight static maps and eight dynamic maps at 1:5,000 scale. In an experiment conducted in laboratory, the participant’s tasks were select and draw routes between origin and destination places shown on maps. The maps were displayed individually in a tablet with a size of 7 inches, and each task lasted up to 30 seconds. The results showed that the efficacy was similar between the NCV and CVD participants when they were using static or dynamic maps. Higher efficiency was found with the use of dynamic maps among participants having NCV, and higher efficiency was found with the use of static maps among participants having CVD. Additionally, dynamic maps showed a higher level of satisfaction than static maps for groups of NCV and CVD. Different kinds of static and dynamic visual variables can be considered as matter of investigation for future research to represent flow of vehicle in the cities, especially for CVD.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract: It is currently possible to account for several institutions with geographic data shared through the INDE portal, with more than half of it being from federal jurisdiction. However, there are subnational geoportals not integrated with this infrastructure, which is difficult to quantify. Therefore, the research problem of this study is finding the state of subnational geographic viewers’ availability, with the general objective of producing a Brazilian panorama and to identify factors that facilitate this availability. A research methodology based on different sources was applied in 27 states and 999 municipalities. As a result, we identified 17 regional, 82 state, and 274 municipal geoportals, with the highest concentration in the South and Southeast regions and lowest in the Northern region. In order to find factors related to geoportals availability, twenty characteristics of each municipality were collected, and Pearson coefficients were calculated, revealing significant correlations for population, economic and tax factors, and non-significant correlations for location factors. This acquired information is essential for the community and must be kept up to date. For this, an online collaborative map based on free software was created, allowing access without registration for data visualization and the registration of users for sending updates to the map.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract: Aerodromes protection zones are defined by plans that establish the limits that objects can project into airspace without affecting the safety and regularity of air operations. These plans are composed of a set of imaginary three-dimensional surfaces that impose restrictions on the use of properties within the protection zones. Our research problem is how to classify the risk of obstacles in aerodromes protection zones. In this paper, we propose a methodology to obtain an obstacle risk classification model. We defined the risk factors and applied a questionnaire to an expert in civil aviation. The obstacle risk classification model resulted from the specialist analysis and by applying the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for multi-criteria decision analysis. The advantage of the AHP in studies that use specialists’ empiric knowledge for risk modeling is the treatment of uncertainties, and the use of tangibles and intangibles criteria. The results showed that the most significant influence on the risk of an obstacle is how much that obstacle protrudes the limiting surfaces, followed by the distance between the obstacle and the nearest airport runway threshold, the limiting surface in which the obstacle is, and the nature of the obstacle.

Resumo em Inglês:

Abstract: At the end of 2018, the Laboratorio de Meteorología Espacial, Atmósfera Terrestre, Geodesia, Geodinámica, Diseño de Instrumental y Astrometría, from La Plata University, started providing near real-time Regional Ionosphere Maps (MAGN) with high spatial and temporal resolutions and low latency. In this paper, we show a performance evaluation of these new ionosphere maps in space of positioning during the first year (2019) of available data. The assessment was carried out through absolute GNSS positioning using the in-house RT-PPP software. Data from five stations in Brazil, distributed in different geomagnetic latitudes, were processed. The performance of the MAGN was evaluated comparing the coordinates estimated using MAGN maps and the Global Ionosphere Maps (GIM) from CODE, both concerning the PPP ionosphere-free combination solution. Although it has been found that, in general, the MAGN and CODE solutions are compatible, the former provided better positioning result (8.5%) in the altimetric (up) component. However, when an atypical behavior in the MAGN solution at the end of the year 2019 as well as days of incomplete maps were removed from the analysis, the solution with MAGN becomes slightly better than CODE, providing an improvement of 8.6% in the up component.