Standardized Protocol for <i>In Situ</i> and <i>In Vitro</i> Maintenance of Newly Developed Parthenocarpic Gynoecious Cucumber Inbred

Dhall, Rajinder Kumar; Hegde, Shreedhari Narasimha; Malhotra, Pawan Kumar

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2022200792

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Article- Biological and Applied Sciences • Braz. arch. biol. technol. 65 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2022200792 copy

Standardized Protocol for In Situ and In Vitro Maintenance of Newly Developed Parthenocarpic Gynoecious Cucumber Inbred

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS

New parthenocarpic gynoecious cucumber line ‘PBRK-11’ was developed and characterized.
Application of silver thiosulphate @ 250 ppm induced maximum number of male flowers per plant, minimum plant mortality percentage and induced male flowers for longer duration.
In vitro protocol was standardized to maintain the parthenocarpic gynoecious inbred “PBRK-11”.

Abstract

New parthenocarpic gynoecious cucumber line ‘PBRK-11’ was developed, morphologically characterized and observed that its fruits were dark green, cylindrical, seedless, bitter free, and long (19-22 cm). Besides, different chemicals {GA₃, AgNO₃, and [Ag(S₂O₃)₂^-3]} having different concentrations were used for altering the sex expression of parthenocarpic gynoecious line to induce male flowers for seed production. Analysis of variance showed that chemical applications significantly affect the male flower induction and plant mortality percentage of parthenocarpic gynoecious cucumber inbred. Application of silver thiosulphate @ 250 ppm induced maximum number of male flowers per plant, minimum plant mortality percentage and induced male flowers for longer duration in parthenocarpic gynoecious plants when sprayed at 3-4 leaf stage at weekly interval for three weeks. Besides, in vitro protocol was standardized to maintain it. Shoot tip explants cultured on half MS media showed higher regeneration rate of 53% with highest shoot initiation response in 32 days followed by M5 [MS + BAP (1.0 mgL^-1) + Kinetin (1.0 mgL^-1)] media with 48% regeneration. Root induction rate (80%) was high in MS media supplemented with IAA (1.0 mgL^-1). The parthenocarpic gynoecious expression was found to be stable in tissue culture regenerated progenies.

Keywords:
gynoecious; parthenocarpic; sex modification; micropropagation; Cucumis sativus L.

Designated No.		MS Media Used		Growth Regulator in mgL^-1
M1		Half MS		free
M2		Half MS		0.5 BAP and 0.5 Kinetin
M3		Half MS		1.0 BAP and 1.0 Kinetin
M4		MS		0.5 BAP and 0.5 Kinetin
M5		MS		1.0 BAP and 1.0 Kinetin
M6	MS		1.0 BAP, 1.0 Kinetin,1.0 IAA
M7	MS		1.5 BAP and 1.5 Kinetin
M8	MS		2.0 BAP and 2.0 Kinetin
M9	MS		1.0 IAA
M10	MS		1.0 IBA

Qualitative characters			Quantitative characters	Range	Mean	CV
Plant growth habit		Indeterminate	Days to first female flower	24.4-27.6	25.5	8.7
Stem pubescence		Present	Node at which first female flower appears	2.0-3.0	2.5	6.4
Fruit shape in longitudinal section		Cylindrical	Days to first fruit harvest	50.8-55.4	51.4	8.3
Fruit shape at peduncle end		Flat	Days to last fruit harvest	120-125	122.0	9.8
Fruit shape at blossom end		Round	Number of harvests	6.0-8.2	7.0	6.5
Fruit colour		Dark green	Vine length (cm)	230-300	260	12.9
Fruit skin lusture		Intermediate	Fruit length (cm)	19.0-22.0	19.8	8.2
Fruit ribs		Absent	Fruit diameter (mm)	40.4-46.4	43.3	10.5
Pulp texture		Crispy	Fruit weight (g)	200-260	245	9.6
Fruit sutures		Absent	Number of fruits per plant	12.1-15.2	12.5	14.5
Fruit creasing		Absent	Yield per plant (kg)	2.7-3.1	2.8	12.8
Fruit vestiture	Hairy
Fruit colour at ripening stage	Yellow

Gibberellic acid
Concentration	Number of male flowers/ plant	Plant mortality (%)	Concentration	Number of male flowers/plant	Plant mortality (%)	Concentration	Number of male flowers/ plant	Plant mortality (%)
400 ppm	25.6	1.2	200 ppm	35.8	2.0	200 ppm	70.8	0.0
500 ppm	32.5	1.8	250 ppm	46.9	4.1	250 ppm	99.5	0.0
600 ppm	36.9	3.1	300 ppm	52.4	6.5	300 ppm	75.2	1.6
700 ppm	38.4	5.6	350 ppm	42.8	7.6	350 ppm	68.0	2.8
800 ppm	39.2	7.2	400 ppm	36.4	12.5	400 ppm	55.6	3.9
900 ppm	45.6	8.1	450 ppm	38.5	14.0	450 ppm	45.9	7.2
1000 ppm	48.2	8.8	500 ppm	35.5	15.4	500 ppm	40.5	7.9
CD^* * Critical difference ;	1.21	0.52		2.01	1.25		4.51	0.75
CV^ Coefficient of variation	8.51	6.42		9.74	6.50		7.74	7.05

Treatment (Media)	Regeneration %	Days for shoot initiation	Shoots per explant
M1	53^a	32^de	4^a
M2	28^cd	34^cd	1^c
M3	32^b	38^ab	1^c
M4	24^de	36^b	2^b
M5	48^a	30^e	3^ab
M6	29^bc	36^b	1^c
M7	18^df	35^bc	2^b
M8	14^ef	40^a	1^c

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