Eimeria bateri Natural Infection: Oocysts Reductions in Grey Quail (Coturnix coturnix) Treated with Bacillus thuringensis var. israelensis

HIGHLIGHTS

Coccidiosis cause important economic losses for poultry industry.

Bti produce proteins with high specific parasiticidal effect.

Bti reduce the number of Eimeria bateri oocysts in quail.

Abstract

Coccidiosis, a disease caused by the parasitic Eimeria spp., affects birds of all ages, particularly young birds more intensely. Infected poultry presents significant economic losses. Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti) is a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium that produces proteins with high specific parasiticidal activity against various orders of parasites. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the parasiticidal potential of Bti in quails that were naturally infected with Eimeria bateri. Twenty 12-week-old male quails (Coturnix coturnix coturnix), naturally infected with Eimeria bateri, were randomly divided into two groups of 10 birds: Bti treated and control. The treated group was supplemented with Bti (1×10⁸ spores∙g^-1) in the feed, while; the control group received the same feed without Bti. To evaluate the occurrence of oocysts, samples of feces were collected every week for four weeks. Significant (P < 0.05) oocysts reductions of 56.64% and 94.51% were noted in the Bti treated group at 2^nd and 4^th week of study, respectively. The Bti supplementation may contribute to the reduction of oocysts in quails and environmental contamination. Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis appeared to be a promising complementary alternative in E. bateri control.

Keywords:
biological control; Coccidiosis; intestinal protozoa

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT