A New Research on the Antioxidant Properties and Therapeutic Effects of Bee Pollen in <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i>

Beyaz, Seda; Gok, Ozlem; Aslan, Abdullah

doi:10.1590/1678-4324-2022210308

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Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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Article - Human and Animal Health • Braz. arch. biol. technol. 65 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2022210308 copy

A New Research on the Antioxidant Properties and Therapeutic Effects of Bee Pollen in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

HIGHLIGHTS

Bee pollen reduces oxidative damage and thus it can protect S. cerevisiae against to ROS.
Bee pollen induces total protein synthesis.
Bee pollen induces S. cerevisiae cell development and it reduces MDA levels and it increases

Abstract

Bee pollen is a valuable product with apitherapeutic properties, highly valued by natural medicine for its medicinal and nutritional properties. Bee pollen, one of the basic elements of alternative therapy, has various biological activities such as antifungal, antiviral, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. In this study, four groups were created to investigate whether bee pollen has a protective role against copper chloride (CuCl₂) damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Study groups: (1) Control group: only yeast was cultivated; (2) CuCl₂ group: given CuCl₂ (30 mM); (3) Bee Pollen group: given bee pollen (10%); (4) Bee Pollen + CuCl₂ group: given bee pollen (10%) + CuCl₂ (30 mM). Saccharomyces cerevisiae cultures were grown at 30 °C for 1, 3, 5 and 24 hours. Cell growth, lipid peroxidation, MDA (malondialdehyde) analyzes, GSH (glutathione) levels and CAT (catalase) activities were determined by spectrophotometer. Total protein changes were determined by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis and Lowry protein method. In the results of working; when compared to the CuCl₂ group, cell development (1, 3, 5 and 24 hours), total protein synthesis and GSH level (24 hours) increased in bee pollen groups, while MDA level (24 hours) decreased. It has been determined that bee pollen has a role of promoting cell growth and total protein synthesis by reducing oxidative stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae culture thanks to its antioxidant properties. Moreover, these natural products have been found to have a strong therapeutic effect in the treatment of many diseases.

Keywords:
Bee pollen; CuCl₂; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; SDS-PAGE

Groups	1h	3h	5h	24h (Overnight)
Control	1.21 ± 0.35^d **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	1.54 ± 0.40^c **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	1.80 ± 0.48^b **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.59 ± 0.51^a **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen	2.42 ± 0.38^d **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.55 ± 0.41^c **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.57 ± 0.51^b **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.63 ± 0.56^a **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	1.04 ± 0.17^d **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	1.20 ± 0.21^c **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.14 ± 0.33^b **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.23 ± 0.39^a **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen + Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	2.66 ± 0.22^d **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.70 ± 0.34^c **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.78 ± 0.41^b **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test	2.88 ± 0.46^a **a,b,c,d among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test

Groups (Pellet)	Total Protein Density (nmol/mL)
Control	158.23 ± 1.00^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test.
Bee Pollen	159.78 ± 1.04^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test.
Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	110.02 ± 0.62^c a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test.
Bee Pollen + Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	142.00 ± 0.80^b a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test.

Groups (Supernatant)	Total Protein Density (nmol/mL)
Control	16.00 ± 1.03^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen	15.75 ± 1.07^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	8.89 ± 0.86^c a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen + Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	14.03 ± 1.00^b a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test

Groups	MDA Levels (nmol/mL)
Control	5.11 ± 0.55^c a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen	5.09 ± 0.45^c a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	6.97 ± 0.74^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen + Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	6.00 ± 0.65^b a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test

Groups	GSH Levels (µg/mL)
Control	224.11 ± 1.03^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen	249.11 ± 0.89^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	181.47 ± 0.71^c a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen+ Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	197.64 ± 0.74^b a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test

Groups	CAT Activity (U/mL)
Control	112.88 ± 0.61^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen	118.02 ± 0.62^a a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	57.41 ± 0.57^c a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test
Bee Pollen + Copper chloride (CuCl₂)	89.47 ± 0.60^b a-c Among the groups which bearing of different letter are significant (p<0.05). One way Anova Post Hoc LSD test

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[1] *Correspondence: aaslan@firat.edu.tr, Tel: +90 424 2370000 (A.A.).