Integrated management of problematic weed corn marigold in wheat fields at West and South West Shewa Zones in Ethiopia

Dechassa, Nagassa; Hundessa, Niguse; Bedada, Shashitu; Bekele, Getachew; Duguma, Mosisa

doi:10.51694/AdvWeedSci/2023;41:00013

Acessibilidade / Reportar erro

Brasil

Español English

sumário « anterior atual seguinte »

Sumário

RESEARCH ARTICLE • Adv Weed Sci 41 • 2023 • https://doi.org/10.51694/AdvWeedSci/2023;41:00013 copy

Integrated management of problematic weed corn marigold in wheat fields at West and South West Shewa Zones in Ethiopia

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Abstract

Background

Corn marigold (Glebionis segetum) is a serious weed of cereal and pulse crops in many parts of Ethiopia. However, there is a lack of information on its management in wheat fields in the country.

Objective

The current work was designed with the objectives of evaluating integrated management of the weed and determining the most economical integrated weed management options in wheat fields.

Methods

The field experiments were conducted in naturally corn marigold infested fields in the Cheliya and Woliso districts of Western and Southwestern Ethiopia, respectively, during 2020 to 2021 cropping seasons using a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were 1) Halauxifen-methyl 100 g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100 g kg^-1 + hand weeding, 2) Pyroxsulam 45 g L^-1 + hand weeding, 3) Flurasulam 75 g L^-1 + Flumetsulam 100 g L^-1 + hand weeding, 4) twice hand weeding 5) weed free, and 6) weedy check.

Results

Different corn marigold management practices resulted in different responses to all measured for the crop and weed parameters. Application of Halauxifen-methyl 100 g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100 g kg^-1 at a rate of 50 g ha^-1 supplemented with a single hand weeding and Pyroxsulam 45 g L^-1 sprayed at a rate of 0.50 L ha^-1 supplemented with a single hand weeding increased grain yield by 87 and 74%, respectively, as compared to the weedy check. The marginal revenue and benefit-cost ratio obtained from the marketing of goods for the application of Halauxifen-methyl 100 g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100 g kg^-1 with a single supplementary hand weeding of corn marigold increased by about 149% and 165%, respectively, as compared to the weedy check.

Conclusions

The present study revealed the role of integrated management of corn marigold in improving wheat production and productivity. Future research should be directed towards scaling up and expanding these technologies among growers.

Effective Management; Glebionis Segetum; Golden Flower; Integrated Management; Marginal Revenue

Zone	District	Specific place	Altitude	Latitude	Longitude
West Shewa	Cheliya	Chobi Tulu	2488	9.03049	37.45348
Southwest Shewa	Woliso	Adami Gotu	2304	8.62010	38.02782

Trade name	Chemical name	Rate	Application time (DAS)	Water rate	Hand weeding	Application time (DAS)
Pallas 45 OD	Pyroxsulam 45 g L^-1	0.5 L ha^-1	30	200 L ha^-1	One time	60
Quelex^TM 200 WG	Halauxifen-methyl 100 g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100 g kg^-1	50 g ha^-1	30	200 L ha^-1	One time	60
Derby 175 SC	Flurasulam 75 g L^-1 + Flumetsulam 100 g L^-1	80 ml ha^-1	30	200 L ha^-1	One time	60
-	-	-	-	-	Two times	30 and 60
-	-	-	-	-	Weed free	As weed emerged
-	-	-	-	-	G. segetum unweeded	Other weeds weeded two times at 30and 60

Treatments	Dry weight (kg ha^-1)	WCE (%)
Pyroxsulam 45g L^-1 + one hand weeding	275.00^cd	97.22^a
Halauxifen-methyl 100g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100g kg^-1 + one hand weeding	220.83^d	97.78^a
Flurasulam 75g L^-1 + Flumetsulam 100g L^-1 + one hand weeding	1808.33^b	81.47^c
Two hand weeding	708.33^cd	92.87^b
Weed free	0.00^d	100.00^a
Weedy check	9945.83^a	0.00^d
Mean	2159.72	78.22
LSD (0.05)	447.37	2.82
CV (%)	25.38	4.42

Treatments	PH	TNT	ENT	SL	SPS	BM	GY	HI
Pyroxsulam 45g L^-1 + one hand weeding	73.33a	4.49ab	4.23ab	6.95b	47.5b	7225.00a-c	3735.95a	52.68a
Halauxifen-methyl 100g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100g kg^-1 + one hand weeding	75.88a	4.91a	4.66a	7.25ab	49.69ab	7750.00a	4004.30a	54.50a
Flurasulam 75g L^-1 + Flumetsulam 100g L^-1 + one hand weeding	76.33a	2.79b	2.65b	5.88c	43.33c	7254.17ab	2823.78b	39.19b
Two hand weeding	75.25a	1.95c	1.85c	5.99c	40.83d	6770.83bc	2627.35bc	39.09b
Weed free	76.48a	5.35a	5.08a	7.45a	50.75a	7787.50a	4024.28a	53.83a
Weedy check	73.93a	1.25d	1.19d	4.88d	30.83e	6479.17c	2143.07c	35.40b
Mean	75.2	3.40	3.23	6.4	43.82	7211.11	3226.45	45.78
LSD (0.05)	3.31	0.46	0.44	0.44	2.4	772.04	507.24	6.28
CV (%)	5.4	16.50	14.56	8.41	6.71	13.12	19.26	16.8

Weed management practices	Relative yield loss (%)
Application of Pyroxsulam 45g L^-1 supplemented with one hand weeding	7.16
Application of Halauxifen-methyl 100g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100g kg^-1 supplemented with one hand weeding	0.50
Application of Flurasulam 75g L^-1 + Flumetsulam 100g L^-1supplemented with one hand weeding	29.83
Two hand weeding	34.71
Weed free	0.00
Weedy check	46.75

Zones	Potential yield loss (%)	Actual yield loss (%)
West Shewa	50.29	45.68
Southwest Shewa	43.30	31.66
Mean	46.75	34.71

	Activity	Price per Ps	Variable costs/ha	Treatments
	Activity	Price per Ps	Variable costs/ha	1. Pyroxsulam 45g L^-1 + hand weeding	2. Halauxifen-methyl 100g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100g kg^-1 + hand weeding	Flurasulam 75g L^-1 + Flumetsulam 100g L^-1 + hand weeding	4. Two hand weeding	5. Weed free	Weedy check
Input cost	NPS Fertilizer purchase	41	4062	4062	4062	4062	4062	4062	4062
	UREA Fertilizer purchase	40	3632	3632	3632	3632	3632	3632	3632
	Seed purchase	56	8363	8363	8363	8363	8363	8363	8363
	Pyroxsulam 45g L^-1 purchase	2974	1487	1487
	Halauxifen-methyl 100g kg^-1 + Florasulam 100g kg^-1 purchase	10913	545.65		545.65
	Flurasulam 75g L^-1 + Flumetsulam 100g L^-1	8400	672			672
Labor cost of operation	1st oxen plough	400	2000	2000	2000	1600	2000	2000	2000
	2nd oxen plough	400	1600	1600	1600	1600	1600	1600	1600
	3rd oxen plough	400	1600	1600	1600	1600	1600	1600	1600
	4th oxen plough	400	1600	1600	1600	3000	1600	1600	1600
	Planting	250	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000	3000
	Herbicide application	250	500	500	500	500
	1st Hand weeding	100	2400					2400
	2nd hand weeding	100	800	800	800	800	800	800
	3rd hand weeding	100	600					600
	4th hand weeding	100	600					600
Harvest cost	Harvesting	250	5000	5000	5000	5000	5000	5000	5000
Total variable cost (TVC)				33644	32703	33829	31657	35257	30857
Revenue	A. wheat price	32000		32000	32000	32000	32000	32000	32000
Revenue	B. tons of wheat harvested per Ha			3.74	4.00	2.82	2.63	4.02	2.14
Gross Revenue (GR)				119680	128000	90240	84160	128640	68480
$Marginal Revenue (MR) = GR - TVC$				87680	96000	58240	52160	96640	36480
$Benefit-cost ratio (BCR) = (MR/TVC)$				2.61	2.94	1.72	1.65	2.74	1.18

Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas - SBCPD Rua Santa Catarina, 50, sala 1302 , 86010-470 - Londrina - Paraná / Brasil , +55 (51) 3308-6006 - Londrina - PR - Brazil
E-mail: sbcpd@sbcpd.org

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] *Corresponding author: <nagookooti@gmail.com>