The present work brings to the field of mathematics some considerations about the possibilities of Brazilian research in the development of Science and Technology. From a reflection on the space that the world reserves to countries like Brazil that occupy a non-hegemonic place in the division of tasks in the production of science and technology are pointed out two alternatives: following the trail of a so-called neutral and universal science inheriting problems and solutions formulated by the global producers of science and technology, or turn eyes to local issues by formulating problems and solutions according to own demands. Arguing in favor of the second alternative, this text considers the construction of mathematical knowledge and the possibilities of production of a situated mathematics.
Key words:
Science and Technology Policies; Sociology of mathematics; Mathematics