Chemical, mineral composition, <i>in vitro</i> ruminal fermentation and buffering capacity of some rangeland-medicinal plants

Kazemi, Mohsen; Mokhtarpour, Amir

doi:10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.55909

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Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences

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PASTURE AND FORAGE UTILIZATION • Acta Sci., Anim. Sci. 44 • 2022 • https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v44i1.55909 copy

Chemical, mineral composition, in vitro ruminal fermentation and buffering capacity of some rangeland-medicinal plants

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT.

A diverse group of rangeland-medicinal plants are being used by ruminant whilst some of them have not been assessed for their nutritional value. This study was aimed to evaluate the chemical and mineral composition, buffering capacity, and in vitro fermentation of some rangeland-medicinal plants including Thymus kotschyanus, Ziziphora persica, Lallemantia royleana, and Scutellaria litwinowii in the family Lamiaceae, and Hypericum scabrum, in the family Hypericaceae. The results indicated that crude protein (CP) content ranged from 8.66% (S. litwinowii) to 12.17% of DM (H. scabrum). It was found that Z. persica had the highest potential gas production, metabolism energy (ME), relative feed value (RFV), and dry matter digestibility (DMD) values of 53.44 (mL 200^-1 mg DM), 5.84 (MJ kg^-1 DM), 170.66 and 70.88%, respectively. Mineral content differed among plants; Ca ranged from 5.79 to 41.96 g kg^-1 DM. The concentrations of Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Co were highest for L. royleana. Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and propionate concentrations were highest in the culture medium cultured with Z. persica, however, acetate, and butyrate were highest in H. scabrum. Acid-base buffering capacity was lower in T. kotschyanus and H. scabrum compared to other plants, while it was higher in S. litwinowii. Overall, it can be concluded that among plants evaluated in this study, Z. persica had higher nutritional value for sheep feeding.

Keywords:
rangeland plant; ruminant; in vitro fermentation; nutritional value; gas test

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[1] * Author for correspondence. E-mail: phd1388@gmail.com

	DM	CP	NDF	ADF	ADL	CF	Fat	Ash	NFC
Thymus kotschyanus	32.57^b	9.54^b	33.27^bc	24.53^a	14.56^b	12.02^b	4.43^a	8.41^c	44.35^a
Ziziphora persica	33.04^b	11.39^a	32.91^c	23.28^ab	11.86^c	11.15^b	4.59^a	11.93^a	39.17^b
Lallemantia royleana	29.50^c	11.47^a	29.91^d	21.79^b	10.24^c	10.93^b	4.97^a	10.81^b	42.84^a
Hypericum scabrum	32.69^b	12.17^a	35.83^b	25.42^a	16.36^a	28.32^a	4.35^a	4.50^d	43.14^a
Scutellaria litwinowii	39.43^a	8.66^c	39.42^a	24.55^a	13.73^b	28.31^a	3.32^b	9.27^c	39.32^b
SEM	0.83	0.25	0.87	0.81	0.51	0.77	0.31	0.31	0.92

	DMI	ME	NEl	RFV	DMD	NH₃-N	pH
Thymus kotschyanus	3.61^b	5.21^b	2.66^b	144.0^b	67.23^b	33.83^a	6.87^a
Ziziphora persica	3.66^b	5.84^a	3.11^a	170.66^a	70.88^a	29.58^b	6.71^b
Lallemantia royleana	4.02^a	5.16^b	2.63^b	146.54^b	68.50^b	33.82^a	6.90^a
Hypericum scabrum	3.35^bc	4.84^b	2.40^b	128.93^b	54.0^c	27.77^b	6.83^a
Scutellaria litwinowii	3.04^c	4.07^c	1.86^c	100.54^c	51.23^d	27.17^b	6.80^ab
SEM	0.09	0.17	0.12	7.05	0.51	0.95	0.03

	Na	K	Ca	Mg	Fe	Mn	Zn	Co
Thymus kotschyanus	0.66^a	10.92^b	37.76^ab	2.91^d	413.97^b	54.33^c	24.47^d	3.13^b
Ziziphora persica	0.60^a	9.49^c	27.13^c	3.79^cd	245.22^c	56.93^c	45.47^b	2.57^bc
Lallemantia royleana	0.61^a	12.08^a	41.96^a	5.86^a	545.76^a	84.90^b	57.0^a	4.10^a
Hypericum scabrum	0.38^b	6.75^d	5.79^d	4.23^bc	105.27^d	33.47^d	41.30^b	2.07^c
Scutellaria litwinowii	0.34^b	10.18^bc	35.74^b	4.84^b	224.88^c	95.97^a	31.33^c	2.47^bc
SEM	0.02	0.28	1.42	0.31	9.41	6.43	2.16	0.29

	gas12h	gas 24h	gas 48h	gas 72h	bgas	cgas
Thymus kotschyanus	14.63^a	21.73^b	28.95^b	32.83^c	35.21^c	0.045^bc
Ziziphora persica	17.53^a	26.30^a	41.35^a	48.27^a	53.44^a	0.033^c
Lallemantia royleana	15.03^a	21.27^b	30.92^b	37.40^b	40.55^b	0.036^c
Hypericum scabrum	14.13^ab	18.93^b	24.12^c	25.53^d	25.74^d	0.073^a
Scutellaria litwinowii	10.22^b	13.39^c	19.21^d	23.19^d	22.81^d	0.052^b
SEM	1.26	1.29	1.45	1.33	1.64	0.005

	Total	Acetate	Propionate	Butyrate	Valerate	Isovalerate
Thymus kotschyanus	34.64^b	62.70^ab	21.97^b	12.77^b	1.37	0.50
Ziziphora persica	36.61^a	59.0^c	24.20^a	13.40^b	1.42	0.52
Lallemantia royleana	34.44^b	61.50^b	22.63^b	13.33^b	1.37	0.43
Hypericum scabrum	33.44^b	62.67^ab	22.10^b	13.40^b	1.25	0.43
Scutellaria litwinowii	31.06^c	64.07^a	19.17^c	14.83^a	1.33	0.42
SEM	0.55	0.50	0.33		0.08	0.05

	Plant pH	Titratable acidity (mEq×10^-3)	Acid-buffering capacity (mEq×10^-3)	Titratable alkalinity (mEq×10^-3)	Base-buffering capacity (mEq×10^-3)	Acid-base buffering capacity (mEq×10^-3)
Thymus kotschyanus	5.95^b	261.0^c	134.02^c	317.0^c	72.63^c	206.65^c
Ziziphora persica	5.91^b	259.0^c	135.22^c	390.0^a	120.93^a	255.81^b
Lallemantia royleana	6.05^a	314.75^a	153.54^b	363.75^b	116.49^ab	270.04^b
Hypericum scabrum	4.73^d	10.7.0^d	146.31^bc	317.0^c	72.63^c	218.94^c
Scutellaria litwinowii	5.73^c	300.50^b	174.03^a	395.25^a	112.36^b	286.39^a
SEM	0.03	2.97	4.16	8.28	1.74	4.79