Selection of S3 progenies of forage maize based on topcrosses with different testers

Maize forage is commonly used as silage in milk and beef cattle livestock production systems. Despite the wide variety of maize hybrids with high potential for grain production, few available hybrids have been developed exclusively for forage aptitude. The present study aimed to select S₃ maize progenies derived from the single hybrid AS1572 based on the combining ability of forage traits in topcrosses with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1, and MLP102. The 135 resulting topcross hybrids were assessed in partial diallel in Guarapuava and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu, Paraná State, Brazil. Were evaluated the contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM), forage dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1), and in situ digestibility of forage dry matter (DIG, %DM). For all evaluated traits, the variability allowed us to select superior progenies. Progenies 3.1, 22.1, and 39.1stood out in terms of NDF, ADF, and DIG, whereas progenies 47.1, 73.1, 79.1, and 90.2 were efficient in increasing the forage dry matter yield. The testers AG8025 and 70.H26.1, of narrow genetic base, are the best to explore genetic variability among progenies.

Keywords:
Zea mays L.; combining ability; digestibility; neutral detergent fiber; acid detergent fiber.

Authorship

Carlos Augusto da Silva

Departamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Campus Cedeteg, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838, Vila Carli, 85040-167, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil.Universidade Estadual do Centro OesteBrazilGuarapuava, Paraná, BrazilDepartamento de Agronomia, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Campus Cedeteg, Alameda Élio Antonio Dalla Vecchia, 838, Vila Carli, 85040-167, Guarapuava, Paraná, Brazil.

Marcos Ventura Faria ^**Author for correspondence. E-mail: mfaria@unicentro.br

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8077-4708

Elida Auxiliadora Peralta Paiva

Welton Luiz Zaluski

Emanuel Gava

Diego Fernando De Marck

Marcelo Cruz Mendes

Mikael Neumann

Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Gurapuava, Paraná, Brazil. Universidade Estadual do Centro OesteBrazilGurapuava, Paraná, Brazil Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Estadual do Centro Oeste, Gurapuava, Paraná, Brazil.

*Author for correspondence. E-mail: mfaria@unicentro.br

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figures | Tables

Figures (6)
Tables (2)

Thumbnail

Figure 1
Dispersion among the means of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) values of 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable NDF value (Neumann, 2011Neumann, M. (2011). Produção e utilização de silagem de milho na nutrição de ruminantes. Maringá, PR: IEPEC.), and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Thumbnail

Figure 2
Dispersion among the means of acid detergent fiber (ADF) values of 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j). The experiment was conducted in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable ADF value, and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Thumbnail

Figure 3
Dispersion among the means of forage dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1) of 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of the 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable DMY value, and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Thumbnail

Figure 4
Dispersion of the means of in situ digestibility of forage dry matter (DIG, t ha^-1) among 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable DIG value, and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Thumbnail

Figure 5
Estimates of the general combining ability (G_i) for testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 in crosses with 45 S₃ maize progenies for neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (NDF) contents, dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1), and in situ digestibility of forage dry matter (DIG) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and in Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season.

Thumbnail

Figure 6
Estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) for the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1), and in situ digestibility of forage dry matter (DIG) of 45 S₃ progenies in crosses with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102, evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season.

Thumbnail

Table 1
Summary of joint partial diallelic analysis involving 45 S₃ maize progenies and three testers for the combining ability of the forage traits acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM), dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1) and in situ digestibility of dry matter (DIG, DM) evaluated in Guarapuava and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu, Paraná State, Brazil, in the 2014/15 crop season.

Thumbnail

Table 2
Estimates of variance components and genetic and phenotypic parameters related to neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM), dry matter yield of forage (DMY, t ha^-1), and in situ forage digestibility (DIG) of topcrosses of S₃ maize progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1, and MLP102 evaluated in Guarapuava and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season.

Figure 1 Dispersion among the means of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) values of 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable NDF value (Neumann, 2011Neumann, M. (2011). Produção e utilização de silagem de milho na nutrição de ruminantes. Maringá, PR: IEPEC.), and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Figure 2 Dispersion among the means of acid detergent fiber (ADF) values of 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j). The experiment was conducted in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable ADF value, and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Figure 3 Dispersion among the means of forage dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1) of 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of the 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable DMY value, and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Figure 4 Dispersion of the means of in situ digestibility of forage dry matter (DIG, t ha^-1) among 135 topcross hybrids from the crossing of 45 S₃ progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 and estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season. *The X-axis crosses the maximum acceptable DIG value, and the Y-axis crosses twice the standard deviation of G_j.

Figure 5 Estimates of the general combining ability (G_i) for testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102 in crosses with 45 S₃ maize progenies for neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (NDF) contents, dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1), and in situ digestibility of forage dry matter (DIG) evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and in Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season.

Figure 6 Estimates of the general combining ability (G_j) for the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) content, dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1), and in situ digestibility of forage dry matter (DIG) of 45 S₃ progenies in crosses with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1 and MLP102, evaluated in Guarapuava (GPVA) and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season.

Table 1 Summary of joint partial diallelic analysis involving 45 S₃ maize progenies and three testers for the combining ability of the forage traits acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM), dry matter yield (DMY, t ha^-1) and in situ digestibility of dry matter (DIG, DM) evaluated in Guarapuava and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu, Paraná State, Brazil, in the 2014/15 crop season.

Source of Variation	DF	Mean Square
Source of Variation	DF	NDF		ADF		DMY		DIG
Topcrosses	134	37.00		17.20		18.41	*	86.63	*
GCA Testers	2	300.90		186.63		152.48		1383.29
GCA Progenies	44	37.58		12.87		22.90		80.13
SCA	88	30.72		15.52		13.11		60.42
Locations (L)	1	53.79	**	634.95	**	961.89	**	475.61	**
Topcrosses x Locations	134	35.18	**	13.57	**	13.25	**	61.79	**
GCA Testers x L	2	116.60	**	84.49	**	127.02	**	653.62	**
GCA Progenies x L	44	38.32	**	9.04	**	14.35	**	50.38	**
SCA x L	88	31.76	**	14.22	**	10.11	**	54.05	**
Mean effective error	264	6.12		1.56		1.12		5.35
Coefficient of variation (%)		4.09		4.15		5.07		3.99
Mean		60.73		29.97		20.88		58.18
Mean Check (AG8025)		56.20		28.40		26.40		63.90
SS⁽¹⁾ GCA Testers (%)		12.14		16.19		12.36		23.83
SS GCA Progenies (%)		33.35		24.57		40.85		30.37
SS GCA (%)		45.48		40.77		53.22		54.20
SS SCA (%)		54.52		59.23		46.78		45.80
SS GCA Testers x L (%)		4.95		9.29		14.31		15.79
SS GCA Progenies x L (%)		35.77		21.88		35.56		26.77
SS GCA x L (%)		40.71		31.17		49.87		42.56
SS SCA x L (%)		59.29		68.83		50.13		57.44

**, * Significant at the p ≤ 0.01 and p ≤ 0.05 probability levels according to the F test, respectively. ⁽¹⁾Percentage of the sum of squares explained by GCA (G1 and G2) and SCA.

Table 2 Estimates of variance components and genetic and phenotypic parameters related to neutral detergent fiber (NDF, %DM), acid detergent fiber (ADF, %DM), dry matter yield of forage (DMY, t ha^-1), and in situ forage digestibility (DIG) of topcrosses of S₃ maize progenies with testers AG8025, 70.H26.1, and MLP102 evaluated in Guarapuava and Rio Bonito do Iguaçu (RBI), Paraná State, Brazil, during the 2014/15 crop season.

Parameter	NDF (%, DM)
	Guarapuava			Rio Bonito do Iguaçu
	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102
σ² _F	15.64	18.66	9.33	19.08	20.62	17.1
σ² _G	12.72	16.04	6.65	16.42	17.33	13.64
h_a ²	0.81	0.86	0.71	0.86	0.84	0.80
CV_G	6.15	6.52	4.18	6.7	6.81	6.01
CV_G/CV_E	1.47	1.75	1.11	1.76	1.62	1.4
Parameter	ADF (%, DM)
	Guarapuava			Rio Bonito do Iguaçu
	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102
σ² _F	6.31	7.19	3.23	7.16	8.62	8.18
σ² _G	5.87	6.38	2.49	6.50	7.69	7.15
h²	0.93	0.89	0.77	0.91	0.89	0.87
CV_G	8.70	8.53	5.42	8.52	9.10	8.18
CV_G/CV_E	2.60	1.99	1.30	2.22	2.03	1.86
Parameter	DMY (t ha^-1)
	Guarapuava			Rio Bonito do Iguaçu
	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102
σ² _F	8.74	4.54	5.45	11.20	5.21	6.71
σ² _G	7.79	4.02	5.07	10.61	4.69	6.32
h²	0.89	0.89	0.93	0.95	0.90	0.94
CV_G	12.28	9.04	10.25	15.87	12.28	12.15
CV_G/CV_E	2.02	1.96	2.60	3.00	2.12	2.86
Parameter	DIG (%, DM)
	Guarapuava			Rio Bonito do Iguaçu
	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102	AG8025	70.H26.1	MLP102
σ² _F	24.93	41.36	31.10	32.11	23.94	26.28
σ² _G	21.58	39.27	29.46	29.98	22.49	23.68
h²	0.87	0.95	0.95	0.93	0.94	0.90
CV_G	7.54	11.61	9.66	9.21	8.43	7.89
CV_G/CV_E	1.80	3.06	3.00	0.15	2.78	2.13

σ² _F = phenotypic variance, σ² _G = genetic variance, σ² = residue variance, h² = broad-sense heritability, CV_G = coefficient of genetic variation, CV_G/CV_E = ratio between the genetic and experimental coefficient of variation.

How to cite

copy

Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM Av. Colombo, 5790, bloco 40, 87020-900 - Maringá PR/ Brasil, Tel.: (55 44) 3011-4253, Fax: (55 44) 3011-1392 - Maringá - PR - Brazil
E-mail: actaagron@uem.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

Versão para download de PDF

PDF

Inglês

Versões e tradução automática

Versão original do texto

English

Tradução automática

Google Translator
Microsoft Translator

Como citar

RIS

BIBTEX

Outros formatos de citação e exportação:

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online
Rua Dr. Diogo de Faria, 1087 – 9º andar – Vila Clementino 04037-003 São Paulo/SP - Brasil
E-mail: scielo@scielo.org

Leia a Declaração de Acesso Aberto

Métricas

Selection of S3 progenies of forage maize based on topcrosses with different testers

PlumX

Mensagem

[1] *Author for correspondence. E-mail: mfaria@unicentro.br