Paul Bouts e a curta vida da psicognomia no Brasil

Paul Bouts (1900–1999) foi um pedagogo e padre católico belga que criou a psicognomia, um sistema de análise caracterológica que combinava elementos da frenologia, tipologia, medições craniofaciais, fisionomia, grafologia etc. Suas teorias influenciaram acadêmicos, religiosos, políticos e militares brasileiros. Bouts tinha uma saúde frágil, e não há evidências de que tenha estado no Brasil. Seu livro mais famoso, Psicognomia, foi publicado no país em 1943 com aval da censura eclesiástica e com apêndices especiais. A doutrina levou, ainda, à criação, em 1949, de um instituto privado de divulgação e estudos de psicognomia com sede no Rio de Janeiro, que publicou dois volumes de um tratado sobre o tema e permaneceu ativo até o início da década de 1960, quando o interesse pelo assunto rapidamente desapareceu na sociedade.

Palavras-chave
Antropologia Física; Craniologia; Estereotipagem; Personalidade; Frenologia

Autoria

Charles André Address for correspondence Charles André (e-mail: dr.charles.andre@gmail.com).

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Neurologia, Facyldade de Medicina, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroBrazilRio de Janeiro, BrazilUniversidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Neurologia, Facyldade de Medicina, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8081-5741

Address for correspondence Charles André (e-mail: dr.charles.andre@gmail.com).

Conflict of Interest

The author has no conflict of interests to declare.

SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

Figuras | Tabelas

Figuras (2)
Tabelas (1)

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Figure 1
Paul Bouts pointing to a phrenological model head created by Lorenzo Niles Fowler (1811–1896). Bouts handles a measuring clamp, the Bertillon craniometer, used for craniofacial measurements (Alfonse Bertillon – 1853–1914).

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Figure 2
The cover of four seminal books on psychognomy. A and B. The two most famous books written by Paul Bouts. A. The sixth edition of La Psychognomie – caractérologie pratique – was published after the 1943 Brazilian version. Paul Bouts is said to be the president of the Brazilian Institute of Psychognomy, on unclear basis. B. Les grandioses destinées individuelle et humaine is a later publication that mainly addresses teleanthropology (“the study of Human evolution through craniometry and comparative embryology”). Paul Bouts presents himself here as the doctrinal founder of the psychognomy institutes of Brazil and Canada. C and D. Main Brazilian publications on psychognomy-characterology. C. The Brazilian edition (1943) of La Psychognomie – caractérologie pratique, which was a translated version of the fifth French edition that also included six new additional chapters only present in the Brazilian edition. Paul Bouts is only presented as a training school ex-professor. D. Published in 1960, O homem, esse conhecido, (“The man, the Familiar: the complete treatise of psychognomy, the Science of the Man”) was authored by two Brazilian adepts and founders of the Brazilian Institute of Psychognomy, Alberto Ribeiro da Cunha, a graduate in philosophy and theology, and Luiz Pereira da Rocha, a medical doctor. Only two of the nine books originally planned were published.

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. La psychognomie – Caractérologie pratique - Lecture méthodique et pratique du caractère et des aptitudes. (Paul and Camille Bouts; 1st edition 1931; at least 6 French editions; Dutch and Portuguese translations.). L'hygiène moderne des intellectuels (Dr. Robert Coessens and Abbot Paul Bouts. 1st edition 1954; at least 3 editions; Dutch translation.). Séance de culture physique et respiratoire de l'intellectuel (available in a reprint edition [2018] by Forgotten Books - ISBN-10: 1527624803; ISBN-13: 978-1527624801 [www.forgottenbooks.com].). Les phénomènes de la vie mentale. Psychologie et métaphysique (Camille and Paul Bouts.). Cours de pédagogie existentielle. Les destinées grandioses de l'humanité individuelle et humaine dans la lumière de la caractérologie et de l'évolution cérébro-crânienneThe Sol et Vita site (http://www.soletvita.be/images/doc/info/paul_bouts_boeken.pdf) also lists additional works by Paul Bouts, mainly addressing Health and Spirituality (all but one are Dutch editions):. Vademecum Natuugeneeswijze (Vademecum of natural medicine.). Ik Ben Nooit Moe (I am never tired – 10 Dutch editions.). Verhoog Uw Ademhalingscapaciteit (Increase your breathing capacity.). Hoe Kan Ik Mijn Gezondheidskapitaal Tijdig Tegen Aderverkalking en Infarctus Vrijwaren? (How can I protect my health capital in a timely manner against calcification of the arteries and heart attacks?). De Reddende Rauwkost - Wie mag ervan genieten en op welke wijze? (The saving raw cost – who can enjoy it and now?). Satan, de Onzichtbare Heerser der Wereld (Satan, the invisible ruler of the world). Onze Overheerlijke Lotsbestemming - Het Hemels Paradijs (Our delicious fate destination – Heavenly paradise). De Schoonheid, Bron van Onvergankelijke LEVENSVREUGD (The beauty, source of unperishable joy of life). Une philosophie et une théologie de l'évolution créatrice (A phylosophy and theology of the creative evolution, French edition.)

Figure 1 Paul Bouts pointing to a phrenological model head created by Lorenzo Niles Fowler (1811–1896). Bouts handles a measuring clamp, the Bertillon craniometer, used for craniofacial measurements (Alfonse Bertillon – 1853–1914).

Figure 2 The cover of four seminal books on psychognomy. A and B. The two most famous books written by Paul Bouts. A. The sixth edition of La Psychognomie – caractérologie pratique – was published after the 1943 Brazilian version. Paul Bouts is said to be the president of the Brazilian Institute of Psychognomy, on unclear basis. B. Les grandioses destinées individuelle et humaine is a later publication that mainly addresses teleanthropology (“the study of Human evolution through craniometry and comparative embryology”). Paul Bouts presents himself here as the doctrinal founder of the psychognomy institutes of Brazil and Canada. C and D. Main Brazilian publications on psychognomy-characterology. C. The Brazilian edition (1943) of La Psychognomie – caractérologie pratique, which was a translated version of the fifth French edition that also included six new additional chapters only present in the Brazilian edition. Paul Bouts is only presented as a training school ex-professor. D. Published in 1960, O homem, esse conhecido, (“The man, the Familiar: the complete treatise of psychognomy, the Science of the Man”) was authored by two Brazilian adepts and founders of the Brazilian Institute of Psychognomy, Alberto Ribeiro da Cunha, a graduate in philosophy and theology, and Luiz Pereira da Rocha, a medical doctor. Only two of the nine books originally planned were published.

. La psychognomie – Caractérologie pratique - Lecture méthodique et pratique du caractère et des aptitudes. (Paul and Camille Bouts; 1^st edition 1931; at least 6 French editions; Dutch and Portuguese translations.)
. L'hygiène moderne des intellectuels (Dr. Robert Coessens and Abbot Paul Bouts. 1st edition 1954; at least 3 editions; Dutch translation.)
. Séance de culture physique et respiratoire de l'intellectuel (available in a reprint edition [2018] by Forgotten Books - ISBN-10: 1527624803; ISBN-13: 978-1527624801 [www.forgottenbooks.com].)
. Les phénomènes de la vie mentale. Psychologie et métaphysique (Camille and Paul Bouts.)
. Cours de pédagogie existentielle
. Les destinées grandioses de l'humanité individuelle et humaine dans la lumière de la caractérologie et de l'évolution cérébro-crânienne
The Sol et Vita site (http://www.soletvita.be/images/doc/info/paul_bouts_boeken.pdf) also lists additional works by Paul Bouts, mainly addressing Health and Spirituality (all but one are Dutch editions):
. Vademecum Natuugeneeswijze (Vademecum of natural medicine.)
. Ik Ben Nooit Moe (I am never tired – 10 Dutch editions.)
. Verhoog Uw Ademhalingscapaciteit (Increase your breathing capacity.)
. Hoe Kan Ik Mijn Gezondheidskapitaal Tijdig Tegen Aderverkalking en Infarctus Vrijwaren? (How can I protect my health capital in a timely manner against calcification of the arteries and heart attacks?)
. De Reddende Rauwkost - Wie mag ervan genieten en op welke wijze? (The saving raw cost – who can enjoy it and now?)
. Satan, de Onzichtbare Heerser der Wereld (Satan, the invisible ruler of the world)
. Onze Overheerlijke Lotsbestemming - Het Hemels Paradijs (Our delicious fate destination – Heavenly paradise)
. De Schoonheid, Bron van Onvergankelijke LEVENSVREUGD (The beauty, source of unperishable joy of life)
. Une philosophie et une théologie de l'évolution créatrice (A phylosophy and theology of the creative evolution, French edition.)

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Paul Bouts e a curta vida da psicognomia no Brasil

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[1] Address for correspondence Charles André (e-mail: dr.charles.andre@gmail.com).