Eight patients with cerebral vascular disease and aphasia were studied just after the stroke. The clinical, neuropsychiatry, EEG and neuro-radiological aspects were evaluated. The patients were submitted to the psychological and phonoaudiological studies. The authors correlated the neurological lesions to the structural alteration of the intelligence, to the praxic and estheognostic alterations and also to the language disturbances. The criterions adopted by the World Health Organizzation and the genetics classification of Jean Piaget were used for the intellectual le/el classification. The results suggest that the intelligence evaluated through Leither's non-verbal test is better preserved in some aphasics.