OxLDL plasma levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease

The objective of this study was to characterize the conventional lipid profile, oxLDL levels and ApoE polymorphism in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in elderly individuals without cognitive impairment.

Methods:

Eighty elderly individuals were selected and the levels of oxLDL were determined using the ELISA kit, and ApoE gene polymorphism was investigated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results:

Significantly reduced levels of oxLDL were observed in patients with AD compared to the control group. A higher frequency of the ApoE ε4 allele was observed in patients with AD compared to controls. No difference was observed for total cholesterol, HDL-C, and LDL-C levels between the two groups, while triglyceride levels were higher in controls compared with patients with AD.

Conclusion:

The data analyzed together did not reveal significant differences in lipid profiles, including oxLDL levels. However, the importance of lipid changes in the genesis of the disease cannot be ruled out. Nevertheless, the ApoE ε4 allele was significantly more frequent in patients with Alzheimer's dementia in agreement with previous findings in the literature, but this genetic component did not change the levels of oxLDL.

Keywords:
Alzheimer's disease; Cholesterol, LDL

Variable		C	AD	p-value
Gender (%)		n = 40	n = 40
	Female	31 (50.8%)	30 (49.2%)	0.7931
	Male	09 (47.4%)	10 (52.6%)	0.7931
Age (years)
	Median (Q3–Q1)	76.50 (7.0)	78.00 (7.0)	0.765²2. Wanamaker BL, Swiger KJ, Blumenthal RS, Martin SS. Cholesterol, statins, and dementia: what the cardiologist should know. Clin Cardiol. 2015 Apr;38(4):243-50. https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.22361 https://doi.org/10.1002/clc.22361...
Smoking (%)		n = 37	n = 31
	Yes	17 (63%)	10 (37%)	0.251¹1. Launer LJ, White LR, Petrovitch H, Ross GW, Curb JD. Cholesterol and neuropathologic markers of AD: a population-based autopsy study. Neurology. 2001 Oct;57(8):1447-52. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.57.8.1447 https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.57.8.1447...
	No	20 (48.8%)	21 (51.2%)

Diseases		C	AD	p-value
Arterial hypertension		(n = 40)	(n = 40)
	Yes	29 (45.3%)	35 (54.7%)	0.094
	No	11 (68.8%)	05 (31.2%)	0.094
Diabetes mellitus
	Yes	08 (44.4%)	10 (55.6%)	0.592
	No	32 (51.6%)	30 (48.4%)	0.592
Hypoglycemia
	Yes	08 (42.1%)	11 (57.9%)	0.431
	No	32 (52.5%)	29 (47.5%)	0.431

Drugs		C	AD	p-value
Statin		(n = 40)	(n = 40)
	Yes	18 (66.7%)	09 (33.3%)	0.033^* * significant difference between C and AD groups.
	No	22 (41.5%)	31 (58.5%)	0.033^* * significant difference between C and AD groups.
Antidepressant
	Yes	07 (21.9%)	25 (78.1%)	< 0.0001^* * significant difference between C and AD groups.
	No	33 (68.8%)	15 (31.3%)

Variable	C	AD	p-value
TC (mg/dL)	165.32 ± 34.03	157.01 ± 24.91	0.216¹ 1 Student's t-test;
TG (mg/dL)	110.50 (76.80)	69.57 (35.70)	< 0.0001² 2 Mann Whitney test; ^* * significant difference between C and AD groups. Values in mean ± standard deviation or median (Q3–Q1).
HDL-C (mg/dL)	49.12 (18.63)	46.41 (15.20)	0.268² 2 Mann Whitney test;
VLDL (mg/dL)	22.10 (15.35)	13.91 (7.13)	< 0.0001² 2 Mann Whitney test; ^* * significant difference between C and AD groups. Values in mean ± standard deviation or median (Q3–Q1).
LDL-C (mg/dL)	88.57 ± 28.15	95.16 ± 25.01	0.272¹ 1 Student's t-test;
oxLDL (ng/mL)	126.32 (122.30)	71.05 (100.50)	0.016² 2 Mann Whitney test; ^* * significant difference between C and AD groups. Values in mean ± standard deviation or median (Q3–Q1).
ε4 carrier	12 (36.4%)	21 (63.6%)	0.041³ 3 Asymptotic Power of Pearson's Chi-square test; ^* * significant difference between C and AD groups. Values in mean ± standard deviation or median (Q3–Q1).
ε4 non-carrier	28 (59.6%)	19 (40.4%)

Academia Brasileira de Neurologia - ABNEURO R. Vergueiro, 1353 sl.1404 - Ed. Top Towers Offices Torre Norte, 04101-000 São Paulo SP Brazil, Tel.: +55 11 5084-9463 | +55 11 5083-3876 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revista.arquivos@abneuro.org

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Correspondence: Iêda de Fátima Oliveira Silva; Faculdade de Farmácia da UFMG; Avenida Antônio Carlos, 6627; 31270-901 Belo Horizonte MG, Brasil; E-mail: iedafos@farmacia.ufmg.br