Literature data were reviewed in order to evaluate the possible mode of action of glucocorticoid hormones in diseases of the nervous system. Several reports concerning to the glucocorticoid hormones, adrenocorticotrophin and corticotrophin-releasing factor as well as on their interaction were quoted. The role played by structures of the nervous system in the control mechanisms of hormonal interaction and several metabolic aspects of glucocorticoid action were considered. Those related to the possible mechanisms admitted to explain the therapeutic action of glucocorticoids in several diseases of the nervous system were pointed out.