The prematurity is still an important problem for either pediatricians and neuropediatricinas. All the mechanisms that can produce lowbirth weight, are not known, although, many of them are related to genetics and environmental intra-uterine factors. Having in mind the study of the development of such type of children, a group of investigators has been working for 9 years now, envolving aspects related to the Pediatry, Social Pediatry, Neuropediatry, Psychiatry, Otorhynolaringology, Ophtalmology and Odontology. In this study they are trying to envolve all the possible aspects on growth and development of children with lowbirth weight. In 189 chldren, 129 were followed during several years. Most of them were observed up to 5 years of age and few of them up to 9 years of age. The children were divided into three groups as follow: Group I — Children with weights under 1.750 g; Group II — Children with weights between 1.751 and 2.000 g; Group III — Children with weights over 2.001 g and under 2.500 g. The neurological tests were done according to the used system at the Neurologic Clinic of the Faculty of Medicine (University of São Paulo). The present work starts with a general revision on the most important existent papers on the prematures neurological evolution. After presenting his own results, the authors make a correlaction of the neurologic evolution with the developmental quotient (DQ), which were gotten through Gesell's tests and its variations, in order to verify the existence of what is known as "continuum of lesion" of Knobloch & col.21.