Prejuízo das funções executivas no modelo experimental de epilepsia do lobo temporal

O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar as alterações cognitivas e comportamentais consistentes com o comportament de transtorno de deficit de atenção e hiperatividade (TDAH) -like em ratos Wistar machos com epilepsia do lobo temporal (ELT).

Método

Ratos Wistar machos com 25 dias de vida foram submetidos a modelo animal de ELT pela injeção de pilocarpina (350 mg / kg, ip) e grupo controle recebeu salina 0,9%. Os animais foram monitorados continuamente por vídeo até ao final dos experimentos. Os testes comportamentais (campo aberto, labirinto em cruz elevado e caixa de condicionamento operante) começaram a partir de 60 dias pós-natal.

Resultados

Os animais com ELT exibiram aumento da atividade locomotora, redução do comportamento relacionado com a ansiedade, impulsividade e prejuízo da memória de trabalho visuospatial.

Conclusão

Em conjunto, concluímos que os animais com ELT apresentaram algumas alterações cognitivas e comportamentais consistentes com o comportamento TDAH-like.

epilepsia do lobo temporal; função executiva; pilocarpina; memória de curto prazo

Autoria

Fabiane Ochai Ramos

Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Laboratório de Neurobiologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, São Paulo SP, Brasil;Universidade Presbiteriana MackenzieBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilUniversidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Laboratório de Neurobiologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios do Desenvolvimento, São Paulo SP, Brasil;

Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.Universidade Federal de São PauloBrasilSão Paulo, SP, BrasilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Departamento de Neurologia e Neurocirurgia, São Paulo SP, Brasil.

Luiz Renato Rodrigues Carreiro

Fulvio Alexandre Scorza

Roberta Monterazzo Cysneiros

Correspondence: Roberta Monterazzo Cysneiros; Rua da Consolação, 930 / Prédio 28; 01302-907 . São Paulo SP, Brasil. E-mail: rcysneiros@yahoo.com

Conflict of interest: There is no conflict of interes to declare.

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Figuras

Figuras (7)

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Figure 1
Timeline of the procedures. Pilo: picocalpine; BT: behavioural test.

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Figure 2
Peripheral (A), central (B), total locomotion (C) and time spent in central zone (D) on the open field in 3 sessions with 7 days apart were expressed as mean ± standard error of CTR group (n = 11) and EXP group (n = 6). The experimental animals exhibited higher total and central locomotor activities and time spent in the central zone as compared to control, suggesting the presence of hyperactivity and reduced anxiety-related behavior. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

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Figure 3
Total entries (A), percentage of entries in open arms (EOA%, B), percentage of time in open arms (TOA %, C) on the elevated plus maze in 3 sessions with 7 days apart were expressed as mean ± standard error of the CTR group (n = 11) and EXP group (n = 6). The experimental group exhibited higher locomotor activity as compared to control with no differences between groups for the percentage of entries, nor time spent in open arms. In an aversive context, the results showed that animals with epilepsy exhibited hyperactivity. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

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Figure 4
Operant Conditioning Box. The light above the levers stayed lit for 5 s, shifted randomly and the reinforcement was delivery immediately after the correct lever being pressed. Percentage of correct answers (A) and total lever presses (B) expressed as mean ± standard error of CTR (n = 11) and EXP (n = 6) groups. No significant differences were found between the groups. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

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Figure 5
Operant Conditioning Box. The light above the levers stayed lit for 1 s, shifted randomly and the reinforcement was delivery immediately after the correct lever being pressed. Percentage of correct answers (A) and total lever press (B) expressed as mean ± standard error of CTR (n = 11) and EXP (n = 6) group. No significant differences were found between the groups. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

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Figure 6
Operant Conditioning Box.The light above the levers stayed lit for 1s, shifted randomly and the reinforcement was delivery 10 s after the correct lever being pressed.Percentage of correct answers (A) and lever presses (B) expressed as mean ± standard error of the CTR (n = 11) and EXP (n = 6) groups. The percentage of correct answers stabilized at a lower level and the lever presses stabilized at a higher level in the experimental group compared to the control group. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

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Figure 7
Operant Conditioning Box. Data of the three protocols were represented in the same graph. Percentage of correct answers (A) and number of lever presses (B). CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

Figure 1 Timeline of the procedures. Pilo: picocalpine; BT: behavioural test.

Figure 2 Peripheral (A), central (B), total locomotion (C) and time spent in central zone (D) on the open field in 3 sessions with 7 days apart were expressed as mean ± standard error of CTR group (n = 11) and EXP group (n = 6). The experimental animals exhibited higher total and central locomotor activities and time spent in the central zone as compared to control, suggesting the presence of hyperactivity and reduced anxiety-related behavior. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

Figure 3 Total entries (A), percentage of entries in open arms (EOA%, B), percentage of time in open arms (TOA %, C) on the elevated plus maze in 3 sessions with 7 days apart were expressed as mean ± standard error of the CTR group (n = 11) and EXP group (n = 6). The experimental group exhibited higher locomotor activity as compared to control with no differences between groups for the percentage of entries, nor time spent in open arms. In an aversive context, the results showed that animals with epilepsy exhibited hyperactivity. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

Figure 4 Operant Conditioning Box. The light above the levers stayed lit for 5 s, shifted randomly and the reinforcement was delivery immediately after the correct lever being pressed. Percentage of correct answers (A) and total lever presses (B) expressed as mean ± standard error of CTR (n = 11) and EXP (n = 6) groups. No significant differences were found between the groups. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

Figure 5 Operant Conditioning Box. The light above the levers stayed lit for 1 s, shifted randomly and the reinforcement was delivery immediately after the correct lever being pressed. Percentage of correct answers (A) and total lever press (B) expressed as mean ± standard error of CTR (n = 11) and EXP (n = 6) group. No significant differences were found between the groups. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

Figure 6 Operant Conditioning Box.The light above the levers stayed lit for 1s, shifted randomly and the reinforcement was delivery 10 s after the correct lever being pressed.Percentage of correct answers (A) and lever presses (B) expressed as mean ± standard error of the CTR (n = 11) and EXP (n = 6) groups. The percentage of correct answers stabilized at a lower level and the lever presses stabilized at a higher level in the experimental group compared to the control group. CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

Figure 7 Operant Conditioning Box. Data of the three protocols were represented in the same graph. Percentage of correct answers (A) and number of lever presses (B). CTR: control; EXP: experimental.

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Prejuízo das funções executivas no modelo experimental de epilepsia do lobo temporal

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[1] Correspondence: Roberta Monterazzo Cysneiros; Rua da Consolação, 930 / Prédio 28; 01302-907 . São Paulo SP, Brasil. E-mail: rcysneiros@yahoo.com