EVALUATION OF ANATOMOPATHOLOGICAL, SEROLOGICAL, IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND PROTECTION IN BROILERS VACCINATED WITH LIVE INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE VACCINES

Nishizawa, M.; Paulillo, A.C.; Bernardino, A.; Alessi, A.C.; Sayd, S.; Okada, L.S.N.; Doretto Júnior, L

doi:10.1590/1808-1657v74p2192007

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Scientific Article • Arq. Inst. Biol. 74 (3) • Jul-Sep 2007 • https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v74p2192007 copy

EVALUATION OF ANATOMOPATHOLOGICAL, SEROLOGICAL, IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND PROTECTION IN BROILERS VACCINATED WITH LIVE INFECTIOUS BURSAL DISEASE VACCINES

AVALIAÇÃO DAS RESPOSTAS ANATOMOPATOLÓGICA, SOROLÓGICA, IMUNONOLÓGICA E PROTETORA EM FRANGOS DE CORTE VACINADOS COM VACINAS VIVAS CONTRA A DOENÇA INFECCIOSA DA BURSA

Authorship SCIMAGO INSTITUTIONS RANKINGS

ABSTRACT

The study was divided into three experiments. In the first one, broilers were distributed into six groups and vaccinated against infectious bursal disease at 14 days of age: T1-not vaccinated, T2-Lukert¹ (intermediate), T3-Lukert² (intermediate plus), T4-228E, T5-V877 and T6-Winterfield 2512 (“hot” strains). Bursas of Fabricius (BF) were collected at 17, 21, 28 and 35 days to measure BF relative weight (BFRW), diameter, histological examination and image processing analysis (IPA). At one, 14, 21, 28 and 35 days of age, samples of blood taken from eight birds from each group for serology analysis by ELISA test. Hot strains vaccines induced reduction of BFRW and BF diameter, higher histological score lesion degree, more lymphocyte depletion on the BF follicles and higher IBD antibody titer. In the second experiment, 16 birds from groups T1 to T6 were isolated and challenged with a very virulent strain of IBDV (vvIBDV) at 25 days of age. Only groups T4, T5 and T6 were totally protected against vvIBDV challenge. In the third experiment, the immunosuppressive potential of each vaccine was determined by examining the ability of IBDVvaccinated birds to respond to Newcastle disease (ND) vaccination and challenge. None of the vaccines was found to be immunodepressive.

KEY WORDS
Infectious Bursal Disease; very virulent infectious bursal disease virus; live vaccines; bursa of Fabricius; broilers; immunosuppression

Groups	Number of birds	IBD vaccination (14 days)	ND vaccination (21 days)	IBD challenge (25 days)	ND challenge (35 days)
T1	80	-	LaSota	vvIBDV	NDV
T2	80	Lukert¹ 1 =intermediate strain	LaSota	vvIBDV	NDV
T3	80	Lukert² 2 =intermediate plus strain	LaSota	vvIBDV	NDV
T4	80	228E	LaSota	vvIBDV	NDV
T5	80	V87	LaSota	vvIBDV	NDV
T6	80	Winterfield 2512	LaSota	vvIBDV	NDV
T7	80	-	-		NDV

		Mean bursa weight body weight (BFRW)
Group	Vaccines	Age (days)
Group	Vaccines	17	21	28	35
T1^ IBD control group: non vaccinated against IBD	-	3.11^a^* * Means with different subscripts with the same column differ significantly (p<0.05)	3.04^a	3.00^a	3.02^a
T2	Lukert¹ 1 = intermediate strain	2.84^a	2.86^a	2.84^ab	2.54^b
T3	Lukert² 2 = intermediate plus strain	2.98^a	3.45^a	2.72^ab	2.14^b
T4	228E	3.22^a	3.37^a	1.69^bc	0.95^c
T5	V877	2.77^a	2.41^a	1.06^c	0.85^c
T6	Winterfield 2512	3.33^a	2.53^a	1.36^c	0.92^c

		Mean of bursa diameter
Group	Vaccines	Age (days)
Group	Vaccines	17	21	28	35
T1^ IBD control group: non vaccinated against IBD.	-	4.63^a^* * Means with different subscripts with the same column differ significantly (p<0.05).	5.50^a	6.00^a	6.88^a
T2	Lukert¹ 1 = intermediate strain.	4.38^a	5.38^a	5.63^ab	6.00^a
T3	Lukert² 2 = intermediate plus strain.	4.50^a	5.38^a	5.63^ab	5.88^a
T4	228E	4.63^a	5.25^a	4.63^bc	4.50^b
T5	V877	4.50^a	4.75^a	4.25^c	4.75^b
T6	Winterfield 2512	4.88^a	4.88^a	4.38^c	4.50^b

		Mean of histological analysis of Bursa of Fabricius
Group	Vaccines	Age (days)
Group	Vaccines	17	21	28	35
T1 ^** * Means with different subscripts with the same column differ significantly (p<0.05)	-	0^a	0^a	0^a	0^a
T2	Lukert ¹ 1 = intermediate strain	0^a	0.25^a	0^a	0^a
T3	Lukert ² 2 = intermediate plus strain	0^a	0.25^a	0.25^a	0.25^a
T4	228E	0.25^a	0.5^a	2.5^b	₃ b
T5	V877	0.5^b	1.5^b	2.5^b	3.25 ^b
T6	Winterfield 2512	0.5^b	1.5^b	3^b	3.25 ^b

		Mean of lymphocyte percentage in the bursa
Group	Vaccines	Age (days)
Group	Vaccines	17	21	28	35
T1 ^** * Means with different subscripts with the same column differ significantly (p<0.05)	-	43.62^a^* ** IBD control group: non vaccinated against IBD	42.50^a	40.92^a	44.06^a
T2	Lukert ¹ 1 = intermediate strain	41.99^ab	38.43^ab	38.34^a	43.44^a
T3	Lukert ² 2 = intermediate plus strain	39.34^ab	36.49^ab	34.44^a	37.19^a
T4	228E	36.64^c	36.01^ab	25.71^b	28.05^b
T5	V877	32.13^c	30.30^c	23.45^b	26.58^b
T6	Winterfield 2512	33.00^c	28.06^c	16.29^b	28.05^b

Group	Vaccines	Geometric means of IBDV titers by ELISA test (log 10)
		Age (days)
		17	21	28	35
T1 ^ IBD control group: non vaccinated against IBD	-	3.73^a^* * Means with different subscripts with the same column differ significantly (p<0.05)	3.11^a	2.67ª	2.66ª
T2	Lukert ¹ 1 = intermediate strain	3.73^a	3.03^a	2.75ª	2.82ª
T3	Lukert ² 2 = intermediate plus strain	3.73^a	3.18^a	2.81ª	2.69ª
T4	228E	3.73^a	3.19^a	2.75ª	3.05^ab
T5	V877	3.73^a	3.30^a	2.76ª	3.38^b
T6	Winterfield 2512	3.73^a	3.05^a	2.94ª	3.32^b

Groups	IBD vaccines (14 days)	ND vaccine (21 days)	Means of ND titers by HI test (log 2)			NDV challenge
			Age (days)
			21	28	35	10dpi
T1 ^ IBD control group: non vaccinated against IBD	-	LaSota	5.13^a^* * Means with different subscripts with the same column differ significantly (p<0.05)	4.87^a	7.47^a	0/16
T2	Lukert ¹ 1 =intermediate strain	LaSota	4.50^a	5.97^a	8.06^a	0/16
T3	Lukert ² 2 =intermediate plus strain	LaSota	4.53^a	6.08^a	7.10^a	0/16
T4	228E	LaSota	4.20^a	5.74^a	7.99^a	0/16
T5	V877	LaSota	4.68^a	5.34^a	7.58^a	0/16
T6	Winterfield 2512	LaSota	4.74^a	5.82^a	7.59^a	0/16
T7^* ***** ND control group: non vaccinated neither against IBD nor ND	-	-	5.12^a	4.46^a	3.86^b	16/16

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