PHYSICAL CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF THE WATER OF THE CASCAVEL RIVER DURING THE PERIOD FROM 2003 TO 2006

ABSTRACT

In the western region of the state of Paraná, Brazil, it is necessary to control the water quality because the human population there commonly uses water sources without treatment. Statistical data referring to the water quality in the main headwaters in the county is scarce or inexistent, making its study and monitoring essential. The aim of this study was therefore to monitor the microbiological and physical-chemical quality of the water which supplies the city of Cascavel, PR, Brazil. Monthly collections were carried out, with performance of tests for pH, color and turbidness for the physical-chemical factors and total coliforms (CT) and thermotolerants (CTo) for the microbiologic ones. The results for the total and thermotolerant coliforms were compared to the referential values according to the Health Ministry Decree, nº 518, of March, 25, 2004. All the samples analyzed presented contamination by CT and CTo above 2.4 x 10² NMP/ 10 mL. There were meaningful relations of the physical-chemical factors of color and pH when compared to CT and CTo. The results indicate a high contamination value in the main headwaters in Cascavel, and all the samples presented were revealed to be improper for consumption in natura, according to the Sanitary Vigilance resolution, putting in risk the consumer health, both in the more destitute regions where the water consumption can be without any treatment as well as in places of known consumption by the population of Cascavel. The data suggest a lack of awareness of the population in regard to the hygiene conditions, garbage control and domestic drainage, as well as the need for intensification in the continual supervision by environmental agencies.

KEY WORDS
Total coliforms; thermotolerant coliforms; water quality