Resumo
Pineapple plants when grown in the greenhouse by the sand culture technique in order to study the effects of deficiencies of macronutrients in growth, yield, leaf and fruit composition, the main results were the following. As a result of the several treatments, yield decreased in the order: Complete Minus Mg Minus S Minus Ca Minus K; nitrogen and phosphorus deficiente plants did not bear fruit. Leaf analyses (see Table 5-1) showed that the ommission of given element from the nutrient solution always caused a decrease in its level in the green tissue. As seen in Table 5-2 the lack of macronutrients had certain effects on fruit composition: acidity increased in all cases excet in the minus Mg fruits; ash usually decreased reaching its lowest valued in fruits from the minus K plants; when compared to fruits picked in the "normal" plants, those lacking K showed a marked decrease both in brix and in total sugars as well; sulfur deficiency also brought a net reduction in the sugar content. Table 5-1. Levels of macronutrients found in pinapple leaves. Elements Treatment Percent of dry matter Nitrogen (N) Complete 1.29 Minus N 0.78 Phosphorus (P) Complete 0.12 Minus P .05 Potassium (K) Complete 2.28 Minus K 0.16 Calcium (Ca) Complete 1.19 Minus Ca 1.10 Magnesium (Mg) Complete 0.41 Minus Mg .29 Sulfur (S) Complete 1.00 Minus S .65 Table 5-2. Effects of macronutrients deficiency in yield and fruit characteristics. Treatment Ave. weight of Acidity As per Brix Total sugars fruits (gm) per cent cent per cent Complete 1.031 1.16 0.40 14.7 10.8 Minus N no fruit was produced Minus P no fruit was produced Minus K 246 1.44 0.26 11.9 8.3 Minus Ca 513 1.40 0.35 17.8 14.3 Minus Mg 957 0.97 0.38 15.4 13.0 Minus S 576 1.42 0.46 17.1 6.5
Estudos sôbre a Alimentação Mineral do Abacaxí (Ananas sativus) Sch* * Trabalho feito com auxílio da Fundação Rockefeller, N. York, U.S.A., e do CNPQ, Rio de Janeiro. Trabalho aprovado no 8.0 Congresso Brasileiro de Ciência do Solo, realizado em julho de 1961, em Belém, Estado do Pará.
H. P. Haag; S. Arzolla; F. A. F. Mello; M. O. C. Brasil Sobr.º; E. R. Oliveira; E. Malavolta
Escola Superior de Agricultura «Luiz de Queiroz»
SUMMARY
Pineapple plants when grown in the greenhouse by the sand culture technique in order to study the effects of deficiencies of macronutrients in growth, yield, leaf and fruit composition, the main results were the following.
As a result of the several treatments, yield decreased in the order:
Complete Minus Mg Minus S Minus Ca Minus K; nitrogen and phosphorus deficiente plants did not bear fruit.
Leaf analyses (see Table 5-1) showed that the ommission of given element from the nutrient solution always caused a decrease in its level in the green tissue.
As seen in Table 5-2 the lack of macronutrients had certain effects on fruit composition: acidity increased in all cases excet in the minus Mg fruits; ash usually decreased reaching its lowest valued in fruits from the minus K plants; when compared to fruits picked in the "normal" plants, those lacking K showed a marked decrease both in brix and in total sugars as well; sulfur deficiency also brought a net reduction in the sugar content.
Table 5-1. Levels of macronutrients found in pinapple leaves.
Elements Treatment Percent of dry matter
Nitrogen (N) Complete 1.29
Minus N 0.78
Phosphorus (P) Complete 0.12
Minus P .05
Potassium (K) Complete 2.28
Minus K 0.16
Calcium (Ca) Complete 1.19
Minus Ca 1.10
Magnesium (Mg) Complete 0.41
Minus Mg .29
Sulfur (S) Complete 1.00
Minus S .65
Table 5-2. Effects of macronutrients deficiency in yield and fruit characteristics.
Treatment Ave. weight of Acidity As per Brix Total sugars
fruits (gm) per cent cent per cent
Complete 1.031 1.16 0.40 14.7 10.8
Minus N no fruit was produced
Minus P no fruit was produced
Minus K 246 1.44 0.26 11.9 8.3
Minus Ca 513 1.40 0.35 17.8 14.3
Minus Mg 957 0.97 0.38 15.4 13.0
Minus S 576 1.42 0.46 17.1 6.5
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LITERATURE
- CIBES, H. & G. SAMUELS, 1958 - Mineral deficiency symptoms displayed by red Spanish pineapple plants grow under controlled conditions. Univ. of P. Rico Agric. Exp. Sta. Tech. Paper 25, 32 págs.
- COELHO, M. & L. A. FALCÃO, 1959 - Reação de algumas culturas de Pernambuco ao emprego da adubação. An. V. Congr. Bras. Ciência do Solo (Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, 1955): 267-28.
- HOAGLAND, D. R. & D. I. ARNON, 1954 - The water-culture method for growing plants without soil. Univ. of California, Berkeley, The College of Agriculture, Cir. 347, 32 págs.
- MARTIN-PRÉVEL, P., 1959 - Fertilité, n.ş 8-19.
- PY, C. L. HAENDLER, R. HUET, A. SILVY, 1956 - lnstitut des Fruits et Agrumes Coloniaux, Bulletin n.ş 15.
- SIDERIS, C. P. & H. Y. YONUG. 19495 Plants Physiol., 20(4) :609.
Datas de Publicação
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Publicação nesta coleção
06 Set 2012 -
Data do Fascículo
1963
