Hans and cols., 2011 (2121 Hans D, Goertzen AL, Krieg MA, Leslie WD. Bone microarchitecture assessed by TBS predicts osteoporotic fractures independent of bone density: The Manitoba study. J Bone Miner Res. 2011;26(11):2762-9.) |
29,407 women aged ≥ 50 years (Canada) |
65.4 |
4.7 |
MOF by Fx codes in health service records (n = 1,668) |
Age, LS-BMD, and a combination of clinical risk factors
|
HR = 1.17 (1.09-1.25) |
Clinical vertebral Fx (n = 439) |
HR = 1.14 (1.03-1.26) |
Hip Fx (n = 293) |
HR = 1.47 (1.30-1.67) |
Boutroy and cols., 2013 (2222 Boutroy S, Hans D, Sornay-Rendu E, Vilayphiou N, Winzenrieth R, Chapurlat R. Trabecular bone score improves fracture risk prediction in non-osteoporotic women: The OFELY study. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24(1):77-85.) |
560 postmenopausal Caucasian women (France) |
66.2 |
7.8 |
Fragility Fx at any site (except head, toes. and fingers), confirmed by radiographs (n = 94) |
Age, weight, and prevalent fracture at baseline |
OR = 1.34 (1.04-1.73) |
Briot and cols., 2013 (2323 Briot K, Paternotte S, Kolta S, Eastell R, Reid DM, Felsenberg D, et al. Added value of trabecular bone score to bone mineral density for prediction of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women: The OPUS study. Bone. 2013;57(1):232-6.) |
1,007 postmenopausal Caucasian women aged >55 years (Europe) |
65.9 |
6.0 |
Clinical self-reported osteoporotic Fx, confirmed by radiographs (n = 82) |
None |
OR = 1.62 (1.30-2.01) |
Vertebral Fx by radiographs (n = 46) |
OR = 1.54 (1.17-2.03) |
Iki and cols., 2014 (2424 Iki M, Tamaki J, Kadowaki E, Sato Y, Dongmei N, Winzenrieth R, et al. Trabecular bone score (TBS) predicts vertebral fractures in Japanese women over 10 years independently of bone density and prevalent vertebral deformity: The Japanese population-based osteoporosis (JPOS) Cohort study. J Bone Miner Res. 2014;29(2):399-407.) |
665 women aged ≥ 50 years (Japan) |
64.1 |
8.3 |
Vertebral Fx by VFA (n = 92) |
Age, LS-BMD, and prevalent vertebral deformity |
OR = 1.52 (1.16-2.00) |
Leslie and cols., 2014 (2525 Leslie WD, Johansson H, Kanis JA, Lamy O, Oden A, McCloskey EV, et al. Lumbar spine texture enhances 10-year fracture probability assessment. Osteoporos Int. 2014;25(9):2271-7.) |
33,352 women aged 40-100 years (Canada) |
63.2 |
4.7 |
MOF by Fx codes in health service records (n = 1,872) |
Age, time since baseline, clinical risk factors, and LS-BMD/Age, time since baseline, clinical risk factors, and femoral neck BMD |
HR = 1.17 (1.11-1.23)/HR = 1.18 (1.12-1.23) |
Death (1,754) |
HR = 1.26 (1.19-1.32)/HR = 1.20 (1.14–1.26) |
McCloskey and cols., 2015 (2626 McCloskey EV, Odén A, Harvey NC, Leslie WD, Hans D, Johansson H, et al. Adjusting fracture probability by trabecular bone score. Calcif Tissue Int. 2015;96(6):500-9.) |
33,352 women aged 40-100 years (Canada) |
63.2 |
4.7 |
MOF (excluding hip) by Fx codes in health service records (n = 1,639) |
Age, time since baseline, femoral neck BMD, and clinical risk factors
|
HR = 1.18 (1.12-1.24) |
Hip Fx (306) |
HR = 1.23 (1.09-1.38) |
Death (1,754) |
HR = 1.20 (1.14-1.26) |
Popp and cols., 2016 (2727 Popp AW, Meer S, Krieg MA, Perrelet R, Hans D, Lippuner K. Bone mineral density (BMD) and vertebral trabecular bone score (TBS) for the identification of elderly women at high risk for fracture: The SEMOF cohort study. Eur Spine J. 2016;25(11):3432-8.) |
556 postmenopausal elderly women (Switzerland) |
76.1 |
2.7 |
Clinical fragility Fx (n = 52: 20 forearms, 10 vertebral, 9 humeral, 6 hip, 3 ankle, 2 pelvis, 1 clavicular, and 1 elbow) |
Age, BMI, and lowest BMD |
HR = 1.87 (1.38-2.54) |
McCloskey and cols., 2016 (2828 McCloskey EV, Odén A, Harvey NC, Leslie WD, Hans D, Johansson H, et al. A meta-analysis of trabecular bone score in fracture risk prediction and its relationship to FRAX. J Bone Miner Res. 2016;31(5):940-8.) |
17,809 individuals (10,507 women); a meta-analysis of 14 international population-based cohorts (North America, Asia, Australia, and Europe) |
72 |
6.1 |
MOF (n = 1,109) |
Age, time since baseline, and FRAX score (with BMD) |
HR = 1.31 (1.21-1.42) |
Hip Fx (n = 298) |
HR = 1.29 (1.09-1.52) |
Su and cols., 2017 (2929 Su Y, Leung J, Hans D, Lamy O, Kwok T. The added value of trabecular bone score to FRAX® to predict major osteoporotic fractures for clinical use in Chinese older people: The Mr. OS and Ms. OS cohort study in Hong Kong. Osteoporos Int. 2017;28(1):111-7.) |
1,950 community-dwelling women aged ≥ 65 years (Hong Kong) |
72.5 |
8.8 |
MOF (n = 215) |
FRAX score (with BMD) |
HR = 1.32 (1.13-1.54) |
Tamaki and cols., 2019 (3535 Tamaki J, Iki M, Sato Y, Winzenrieth R, Kajita E, Kagamimori S. Does Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) improve the predictive ability of FRAX® for major osteoporotic fractures according to the Japanese population-based osteoporosis (JPOS) cohort study? J Bone Miner Res. 2019;37(1):161-70.) |
1,541 women aged ≥ 40 years (Japan) |
58.1 |
10 |
MOF by interviews or mail surveys (n = 67) |
FRAX score (with BMD) |
OR = 1.46 (1.08-1.98) |
Hip Fx (n = 11) |
FRAX score (with BMD) |
OR = 1.73 (0.82-3.65) |
Greendale and cols., 2020 (3434 Greendale GA, Huang MH, Cauley JA, Harlow S, Finkelstein JS, Karlamangla AS. Premenopausal and early postmenopausal trabecular bone score (TBS) and fracture risk: Study of Women’s Health across the Nation (SWAN). Bone. 2020;140:115543.) |
1,362 premenopausal women (United States) |
46.4 |
22 |
Any type of Fx (except face, skull, toes, and fingers) detected by self-reported questionnaire – 75% confirmed by medical reports (n = 292, 111 minimal trauma) |
Age, race/ethnicity, BMI, bone active medications, LS BMD |
HR = 0.95 (0.79-1.14) |
891 early postmenopausal women (United States) |
54.1 |
Any type of Fx (n = 141, 60 minimal trauma) |
HR = 1.03 (0.79-1.33) |