| Current |
1 |
21 |
M |
5 |
Yes |
Bilateral femoral arteries |
Bilateral lower limb pain and swelling and hypertensive emergency |
Yes |
PG |
No |
No family history mentioned |
PTAE, IV heparin, warfarin |
CR |
| Vindenes et al. (11. Vindenes T, Crump N, Casenas R, Wood K. Pheochromocytoma causing cardiomyopathy, ischemic stroke and acute arterial thrombosis: A case report and review of the literature. Conneticut Medicine. 2013;77(2):83-5.) |
1 |
50 |
F |
7.8 |
No |
Right MCA, right axillary and brachial arteries |
Hypertensive emergency and renal failure |
No |
Left AP |
No |
NS |
PTAE, IV heparin |
Died |
| Kaiser et al. (55. Kaiser S, Chronakos J, Dietzek AM. Acute upper extremity arterial thrombosis and stroke in an unresected pheochromocytoma. J Vasc Surg. 2013;58(4):1069-72.) |
1 |
50 |
F |
7.8 |
No |
Right subclavian to radial artery, bilateral carotid arteries, right MCA |
Ataxia and hypertensive emergency |
No |
Left AP |
Yes |
NS |
IV heparin, open thrombectomy |
Died |
| Hou et al. (66. Hou R, Leathersich AM, Ruud BT. Pheochromocytoma presenting with arterial and intracardiac thrombus in a 47-year-old woman: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2011;5:310.) |
1 |
47 |
F |
8.0 |
Yes |
Left axillary artery |
Acute onset of numbness of her left arm |
Yes |
Left AP |
No |
No |
Anticoagulation |
CR |
| Raghavan et al. (77. Raghavan R, Ince PG, Walls TJ, Gholkar A, Dark JH, Foster JB. Malignant cerebrovascular thromboembolization by phaechromocytoma. Clin Neuropathol. 1995;14(2):69-71.) |
1 |
56 |
M |
10 |
Yes |
Right innominate and left common carotid arteries |
Stroke |
NS |
Malignant Right AP |
NS |
NS |
NS |
NS |
| Heindel et al. (88. Heindel SW, Maslow AD, Steriti J, Mashikian JS. A patient with intracardiac masses and an undiagnosed pheochromocytoma. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia. 2002;16(3):338-43.) |
1 |
49 |
M |
10 |
Yes |
Cerebral and right femoral arteries |
Pneumonia |
Yes |
Left AP |
No |
NS |
IV heparin, aspirin |
CR |
| Zhou et al. (99. Zhou W, Ding SF. Concurrent pheochromocytoma, ventricular tachycardia, left ventricular thrombus, and systemic embolization. Internal Medicine. 2009;48:1015-9.) |
1 |
43 |
F |
7 |
Yes |
Renal and bilateral femoral arteries |
Dyspnea, tachycardia and vomiting |
Yes |
Right AP |
No |
NS |
LMH, warfarin. PTAE and LAFL in femoral artery |
Bilateral high level below the knee amputation. CR after tumor removal |
| Battimelli et al. (1010. Battimelli A, Polito MV, Di Maio M, Poto S, Pierro L, Caggiano D, et al. Stress-related cardiomyopathy, ventricular dysfunction, artery thrombosis: a hidden pheochromocytoma. The Am J Emerg Med. 2014;32(3):286.e5-.e9.) |
1 |
63 |
F |
7 |
Yes |
Bilateral tibial arteries |
Resting dyspnea, precordial pain and peripheral coldness |
No |
Left AP |
No |
NS |
PTAE |
NS |
| Ueda et al. (1111. Ueda N, Satoh S, Kuroiwa Y. Multiple cerebral infarction and cardiomyopathy with pheochromocytoma. Neurologist. 2011;17(1):34-7.) |
1 |
44 |
F |
3.5 |
Yes |
Left ICA |
Stroke: Gait disturbance and loss of appetite |
No |
Left AP |
No |
NS |
IV heparin, aspirin |
CR |
| Dagartzikas et al. (1212. Dagartzikas MI, Sprague K, Carter G, Tobias JD. Cerebrovascular event, dilated cardiomyopathy, and pheochromocytoma. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2002;18(1):33-5.) |
1 |
13 |
M |
8.5 |
Yes |
Right MCA, bilateral lower limb arteries |
Stroke: Confusion, anxiety, diaphoresis and moderate distress |
Yes |
Malignant Left AP |
No |
NS |
Thrombolysis (TPA), LMH, bilateral lower extremity PTAE |
Left-side hemiparesis. Referred for chemotherapy |
| Hill and Schwartzman (1313. Hill JB, Schwartzman RJ. Cerebral infarction and disseminated intravascular coagulation with pheochromocytoma. Arch Neurol. 1981;38(6):395.) |
1 |
54 |
F |
NS |
Yes |
Right MCA, right and left ICA |
Stroke: Left-sided hemiparesis and gastrointestinal bleeding |
NS |
Right AP |
No |
NS |
IV heparin |
Died |
| Cheaito (1414. Cheaito R, Tritar A, Benamer H, Saighi Bouaouina M, Masri A, Bouzid MA, et al. [Difficulty in diagnosis of a cardiogenic shock with thrombotic and sub-occluded LAD. A train can hide another one!]. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris). 2017;66(6):411-4.) |
1 |
55 |
M |
6.5 |
Yes |
Coronary |
Chest pain |
No |
AP, side NS |
No |
NS |
PTAE and primary stenting |
NS |
| Thewjitcharoen et al. (1515. Thewjitcharoen Y, Atikankul T, Sunthornyothin S. Renal infarction associated with adrenal pheochromocytoma. Urology. 2013;82(3):e17.) |
1 |
47 |
F |
NS |
No |
Renal |
Right retroperitoneal pain |
NS |
Right AP |
No |
NS |
None |
NS |
| Van et al. (1616. Van YH, Wang HS, Lai CH, Lin JN, Lo FS. Pheochromocytoma presenting as stroke in two Taiwanese children. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2002;15(9):1563-7.) |
1 |
14 |
M |
5.1 |
Yes |
Cerebral artery (NS) |
Stroke: Left-side limb weakness and fascial palsy |
NS |
Retroperitoneal PG |
No |
No family history mentioned |
None |
CR |
| Shafiq et al. (1717. Shafiq A, Nguyen P, Hudson MP, Rabbani B. Paraganglioma as a rare cause of left ventricular thrombus in the setting of preserved ejection fraction: discussing the literature. BMJ Case Rep. 2013;2013.) |
1 |
47 |
M |
5.3 |
No |
Vertebral basilar and cerebral arteries (embolisms) |
Chest pain and palpitations |
Yes |
Mediastinal PG |
No |
NS |
Aspirin, IV heparin |
CR |
| Buchbinder et al. (1818. Buchbinder NA, Yu R, Rosenbloom BE, Sherman CT, Silberman AW. Left ventricular thrombus and embolic stroke caused by a functional paraganglioma. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2009;11(12):734-7.) |
1 |
49 |
M |
NS |
Yes |
Renal, multiple cerebral arteries (embolisms) |
Flu-like symptoms, left upper quadrant abdominal pain and constipation |
Yes |
Retroperitoneal PG |
No |
NS |
Heparin, warfarin, enoxaparin |
CR |
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