Measurements of the effect of interventions on heathly voices: a scope review

This is a scope review based on the research question: What vocal assessment measures are used to verify the effect of the intervention in vocally healthy individuals? The search was carried out electronically in MEDLINE (PubMed), LILACS (BVS), Scopus (Elsevier), Web of Science (Clarivate), Embase and Cochrane databases.

Selection criteria

The selection of studies was based on reading the titles, abstracts, keywords and full texts, applying the eligibility criteria. Data related to the publication’s bibliographic information, sample and intervention characteristics, the effects of the intervention on self-assessment, auditory-perceptual, acoustic, aerodynamic, electroglottographic measures, laryngeal examination results, among others, were extracted. The data were summarized and presented in a quantitative and descriptive way.

Results

97 articles were selected, among the 979 studies mapped in this review. Acoustic analysis was the most used measure (n=70, 72.3%) to verify the effects of vocal training in the selected studies, followed by electroglottography (n= 55, 56.7%), self-assessment (n= 38, 39 .2%), aerodynamics (n= 33, 34.0%), auditory-perceptual judgment (n= 22, 22.7%) and laryngeal examination (n= 16, 16.5%).

Conclusion

Acoustic analysis is the measure used in most studies to verify the effect of the intervention in vocally healthy individuals.

Keywords:
Voice; Voice quality; Voice training; Results study; Review; Healthy volunteers

Databases	Strategy	Number of mapped studies
PubMed/ MEDLINE	(("healthy volunteers"[MeSH] OR "healthy volunteers" OR "Normal Speakers" OR "normal healthy participants" OR "healthy adult" OR "healthy subject" OR "healthy subjects" OR "healthy volunteer" OR "normal humans" OR "normal subject" OR "normal subjects" OR "normal volunteer" OR "normal volunteers") AND ("voice training"[MeSH] "voice training" OR "Speech Therapy"[MeSH] OR "Speech Therapy" OR "vocal exercise" OR "vocal hygiene" OR "voice therapy" OR "vocal therapy" OR "Voice Rehabilitation" OR "vocal rehabilitation" OR "vocal intervention" OR "vocal interventions" OR "Voice Treatment" OR "Voice Treatments" OR ("Physical Functional Performance"[Mesh] AND Voice[Mesh]) OR ("Warm-Up Exercise"[Mesh] AND Voice[Mesh]) OR (Intervention AND Voice[Mesh]) OR (Exercise AND Voice[Mesh])) AND ("self assessment"[MeSH] OR "self assessment" OR "speech acoustics"[MeSH] OR "speech acoustics" OR "laryngoscope"[MeSH] OR "laryngoscope" OR "stroboscopy"[MeSH] OR "stroboscopy" OR "voice quality"[MeSH] OR "voice quality" OR "acoustic analysis" OR "glottography" OR "voice parameter" OR "rating scales" OR "objective voice measurements" OR "auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice" OR "voice assessment" OR "aerodynamics" OR "aerodynamic" OR "Patient Reported Outcome Measures"[MeSH] OR "Patient Reported Outcome Measures" OR "patient-reported outcome" OR "outcome assessment"))	274
LILACS (VHL)	((healthy volunteers) OR (healthy volunteers) OR (Normal Speakers) OR (normal healthy participants) OR (healthy adult) OR (healthy subject) OR (healthy subjects) OR (healthy volunteer) OR (normal humans) OR (normal subject) OR (normal subjects) OR (normal volunteer) OR (normal volunteers)) AND ((voice training) OR (voice training) OR (Speech Therapy) OR (Speech Therapy) OR (vocal exercise) OR (vocal hygiene) OR (voice therapy) OR (vocal therapy) OR (Voice Rehabilitation) OR (vocal rehabilitation) OR (vocal intervention) OR (vocal interventions) OR (Voice Treatment) OR (Voice Treatments) OR (Physical Functional Performance) OR (Warm-Up Exercise) OR (Intervention) OR (Exercise) AND (Voice)) AND ((self assessment) OR (self assessment) OR (speech acoustics) OR (speech acoustics) OR (laryngoscope) OR (laryngoscope) OR (stroboscopy) OR (stroboscopy) OR (voice quality) OR (voice quality) OR (acoustic analysis) OR (glottography) OR (voice parameter) OR (rating scales) OR (objective voice measurements) OR (auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice) OR (voice assessment) OR (aerodynamics) OR (aerodynamic) OR (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) OR (Patient Reported Outcome Measures) OR (patient-reported outcome) OR (outcome assessment))	69
Scopus (Elsevier)	(TITLE-ABS-KEY ("healthy volunteers" OR "Normal Speakers" OR "normal healthy participants" OR "healthy adult" OR "healthy subject" OR "healthy subjects" OR "healthy volunteer" OR "normal humans" OR "normal subject" OR "normal subjects" OR "normal volunteer" OR "normal volunteers") AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ("voice training" OR "Speech Therapy" OR "vocal exercise" OR "vocal hygiene" OR "voice therapy" OR "vocal therapy" OR "Voice Rehabilitation" OR "vocal rehabilitation" OR "vocal intervention" OR "vocal interventions" OR "Voice Treatment" OR "Voice Treatments") OR TITLE-ABS-KEY ("Physical Functional Performance" OR "Warm-Up Exercise" OR intervention OR exercise AND voice) AND TITLE-ABS-KEY ("self assessment" OR "speech acoustics" OR "laryngoscope" OR "stroboscopy" OR "voice quality" OR "acoustic analysis" OR "glottography" OR "voice parameter" OR "rating scales" OR "objective voice measurements" OR "auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice" OR "voice assessment" OR "aerodynamics" OR "aerodynamic" OR "Patient Reported Outcome Measures" OR "patient-reported outcome" OR "outcome assessment"))	235
Web of Science (Clarivate)	(TS=("healthy volunteers" OR "healthy volunteers" OR "Normal Speakers" OR "normal healthy participants" OR "healthy adult" OR "healthy subject" OR "healthy subjects" OR "healthy volunteer" OR "normal humans" OR "normal subject" OR "normal subjects" OR "normal volunteer" OR "normal volunteers") AND TS=("voice training" OR "voice training" OR "Speech Therapy" OR "Speech Therapy" OR "vocal exercise" OR "vocal hygiene" OR "voice therapy" OR "vocal therapy" OR "Voice Rehabilitation" OR "vocal rehabilitation" OR "vocal intervention" OR "vocal interventions" OR "Voice Treatment" OR "Voice Treatments" OR "Physical Functional Performance" AND “Voice” OR "Warm-Up Exercise" AND “Voice” OR “Intervention” AND “Voice” OR “Exercise” AND “Voice”) AND TS=("self assessment" OR "self assessment" OR "speech acoustics" OR "speech acoustics" OR "laryngoscope" OR "laryngoscope" OR "stroboscopy” OR "stroboscopy" OR "voice quality" OR "voice quality" OR "acoustic analysis" OR "glossography" OR "voice parameter" OR "rating scales" OR "objective voice measurements" OR "auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice" OR "voice assessment" OR "aerodynamics" OR "aerodynamic" OR "Patient Reported Outcome Measures" OR "Patient Reported Outcome Measures" OR "patient-reported outcome" OR "outcome assessment"))	26
EMBASE	('healthy volunteers'/exp OR 'healthy volunteers' OR 'normal speakers' OR 'normal healthy participants' OR 'healthy adult'/exp OR 'healthy adult' OR 'healthy subject'/exp OR 'healthy subject' OR 'healthy subjects'/exp OR 'healthy subjects' OR 'healthy volunteer'/exp OR 'healthy volunteer' OR 'normal humans'/exp OR 'normal humans' OR 'normal subject'/exp OR 'normal subject' OR 'normal subjects'/exp OR 'normal subjects' OR 'normal volunteer'/exp OR 'normal volunteer' OR 'normal volunteers'/exp OR 'normal volunteers') AND (((('voice training'/exp OR 'voice training' OR 'speech therapy'/exp OR 'speech therapy' OR 'vocal exercise' OR 'vocal hygiene'/exp OR 'vocal hygiene' OR 'voice therapy'/exp OR 'voice therapy' OR 'vocal therapy' OR 'voice rehabilitation'/exp OR 'voice rehabilitation' OR 'vocal rehabilitation'/exp OR 'vocal rehabilitation' OR 'vocal intervention' OR 'vocal interventions' OR 'voice treatment' OR 'voice treatments' OR 'physical functional performance'/exp OR 'physical functional performance') AND ('voice'/exp OR 'voice') OR 'warm-up exercise'/exp OR 'warm-up exercise') AND ('voice'/exp OR 'voice') OR 'intervention'/exp OR 'intervention') AND ('voice'/exp OR 'voice') OR 'exercise'/exp OR 'exercise') AND ('voice'/exp OR 'voice') AND ('self assessment'/exp OR 'self assessment' OR 'speech acoustics'/exp OR 'speech acoustics' OR 'laryngoscope'/exp OR 'laryngoscope' OR 'stroboscopy'/exp OR 'stroboscopy' OR 'voice quality'/exp OR 'voice quality' OR 'acoustic analysis'/exp OR 'acoustic analysis' OR 'glottography'/exp OR 'glottography' OR 'voice parameter'/exp OR 'voice parameter' OR 'rating scales' OR 'objective voice measurements' OR 'auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice' OR 'voice assessment' OR 'aerodynamics'/exp OR 'aerodynamics' OR 'aerodynamic'/exp OR 'aerodynamic' OR 'patient reported outcome measures'/exp OR 'patient reported outcome measures' OR 'patient-reported outcome'/exp OR 'patient-reported outcome' OR 'outcome assessment'/exp OR 'outcome assessment')	304
Cochrane	“healthy volunteers” OR “Normal Speakers” OR “normal healthy participants” OR “healthy adult” OR “healthy subject” OR “healthy subjects” OR “healthy volunteer” OR “normal humans” OR “normal subject” OR “normal subjects” OR “normal volunteer” OR “normal volunteers” in All Text AND "voice training" OR “Speech Therapy" OR “vocal exercise" OR "vocal hygiene" OR "voice therapy" OR "vocal therapy" OR "Voice Rehabilitation" OR "vocal rehabilitation" OR "vocal intervention" OR "vocal interventions" OR "Voice Treatment" OR "Voice Treatments" OR "Physical Functional Performance" AND “Voice” OR "Warm-Up Exercise" AND “Voice” OR “Intervention” AND “Voice” OR “Exercise” AND “Voice” in Title Abstract Keyword AND "self assessment" OR "speech acoustics" OR “laryngoscope” OR “stroboscopy” OR "voice quality" OR "acoustic analysis" OR "glottography" OR "voice parameter" OR "rating scales" OR "objective voice measurements" OR "auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice" OR "voice assessment" OR "aerodynamics" OR "aerodynamic" OR “Patient Reported Outcome Measures” OR “patient-reported outcome” OR “outcome assessment” in Title Abstract Keyword - (Word variations have been searched)	71

VARIABLES	STUDIES INVESTIGATED
TYPE OF RESEARCH
Quasi-experimental	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁴²42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7., ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
Before-and-after	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... 26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... 27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... -²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... -³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... , ⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890., ⁵⁰50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... -⁵²52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... , ⁵⁴54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... -⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... 73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... -⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... 78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... 79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... -⁸⁰80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... 83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... -⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... 90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... -⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... )
Experimental	(¹⁶16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁴44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... 46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... -⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... -⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁶⁸68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
Case series	(²⁹29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... , ³⁰30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... )
Case study	- - - - -
Type of intervention
Direct	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... 15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... -²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... 24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... 25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... 26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... 27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... 30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... 31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... -³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... 39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... 40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... 41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... 43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... 46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... 52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... 53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... -⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... -⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... 72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... 73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... -⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... 78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... 79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... 81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... 82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... 83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... 85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... 87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... 88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... -⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... 95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... 102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... -¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7., ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... -¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
Indirect	(²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... )
Both	(³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... )
TOTAL TIME OF INTERVENTION
Less than 1 minute	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁶26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... , ²⁷27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... )
1-3 minutes	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ¹⁶16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... -⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... )
4-10 minutes	(²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²⁹29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... , ³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... , ⁴⁴44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁵⁰50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... , ⁵²52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
11-20 minutes	(³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵¹51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... , ⁵⁴54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... )
21-30 minutes	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7., ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... )
31-40 minutes	- - - - -
41-60 minutes	(⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... )
1 to 2 hours	(¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁵⁵55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁸⁰80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... )
2 to 5 hours	(²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... , ⁴⁷47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... )
More than 5 hours	(⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶⁸68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... )
Information not available	(¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ³⁰30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... -³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... -⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... , ⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁸⁴84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... 85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... -⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... -¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
NUMBER OF SESSIONS
Single session	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... , ²⁶26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... 27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... 30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... 31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... -³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... 41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... 43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... 46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... 52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... -⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... ,⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... 74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... 79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... 81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... 82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... 83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... -⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... 105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7.-¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
2-4 sessions	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... -¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁵⁴54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... , ⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... 95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
5-8 sessions	(¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... -⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁶⁸68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... )
9-12 sessions	(⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... )
13-15 sessions	(¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... )
8-16 sessions	(²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... )
16-20 sessions	(⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
Information not available	(³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
MOMENT WHEN EFFECTS WERE ASSESSED
Immediately	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... , ²⁶26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... 27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... 30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... 31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... -³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... 41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... 43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... 46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... 52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... -⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... , ⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... 79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... 81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... 82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... 83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... -⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... 105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7.-¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
In follow-up	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... -⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... 87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... 88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... -⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... 95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
Information not available	(²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁵⁴54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ⁵⁵55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
ASSESSMENT METHOD
Self-assessment	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... -¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁵⁵55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... 67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... 99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... 105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7. 106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... -¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
APE	(¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... )
Acoustic	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... 15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... -¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... -²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... , ²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... 32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... 33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... -³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... , ⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890.,⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... -⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁵⁴54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... -⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... 66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... 67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... -⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... 74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... 76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... -⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... 82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... -⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... 87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... 88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... -⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... 93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... -⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... 98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... 99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... 101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... 102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... -¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7. 106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... -¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
Laryngeal examination	(²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁶26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... , ³⁰30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... , ⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... -⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
Aerodynamics	(¹⁶16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²⁷27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ²⁹29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁴⁴44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵⁴54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... -⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... 67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... 72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... -⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... , ⁸⁰80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... -¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7. 106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... -¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
Others	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... 24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... 25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... 26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... -²⁷27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ²⁹29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... , ³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... -³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... 41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... 43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... 46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... -⁴⁷47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... -⁵²52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... , ⁵⁴54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ⁵⁵55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... 73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... -⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... 85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... -⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... 102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... 105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7.-¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... -¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
TASKS
Sustained vowel in habitual tone	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... 15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... 16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... -¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... 25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... 26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... -²⁷27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... -³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... -⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁴⁷47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁵⁰50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... , ⁵¹51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... , ⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... -⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... 67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -⁶⁸68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... 72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... -⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... 88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... -⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7., ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... )
MPT emission (vowel or alveolar fricatives)	(¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... , ²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ²⁹29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... 67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7., ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
Sustained vowel at varied intensities	(²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵¹51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... )
Sustained vowel at varied frequencies	(³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890., ⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
Linked speech at varied intensities	(³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... )
Linked speech at varied frequencies	(¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵³53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... -⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... 60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... -⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁴84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... 89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... 90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... 93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... -⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
Singing tasks	(¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵¹51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... , ⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
Others	(²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²⁹29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... , ³⁰30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... , ³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... 40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... 41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... 43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... -⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁵¹51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... , ⁵²52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... , ⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁸⁰80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... , ⁸⁴84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... , ⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... )

VARIABLES	STUDIES INVESTIGATED
SAMPLE SIZE
Fewer than 30 participants	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... , ¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... -¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... 24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... 25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... 26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... 27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... 30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... 31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... -³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... 39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... 40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... 41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... -⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... -⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... 52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... 53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... -⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... -⁶³63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... -⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁶⁸68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... 72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... 73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... -⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... -⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁸⁰80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... 87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... 88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... 89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... 90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... 92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... 93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... 94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... 95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... -¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... -¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
30 - 60 participants	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... -¹⁶16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁴⁴44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁷47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... -⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... ,⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... -⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... -⁸⁴84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... -⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... -¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
60 - 90 participants	(¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7.)
More than 90 participants	(¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... )
SEX
Only males	(²⁷27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890. 42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... -⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... )
Only females	(¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... -⁶⁹69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷¹71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... , ⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸⁴84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... , ⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7. 106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... -¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... )
Predominantly males	(²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁹29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... , ³⁰30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... , ⁵¹51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... , ⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
Predominantly females	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... , ¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... , ³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁴⁴44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵²52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... 53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... -⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁷⁰70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁸⁰80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... -¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... )
Equivalent number between sexes	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ¹⁶16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ²⁶26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... , ³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁵⁰50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
Information not available	(²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... , ³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁴⁷47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... )
AGE OF THE PARTICIPANTS
Under 18 years old	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... )
Mean age between 18 - 25 years	(¹⁵15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ¹⁶16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... 32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... -³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890., ⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... 44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... -⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... 67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... 72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... 73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... -⁷⁴74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁸⁰80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... , ⁸⁴84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁹⁷97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... , ¹⁰⁰100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... , ¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7., ¹⁰⁶106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
Mean age between 26 - 40 years	(¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... , ²⁴24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... , ²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... 26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... 27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... -³⁰30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... , ³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ⁴²42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... , ⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... 47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... -⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... ,⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁵⁰50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... 52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... 53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... -⁵⁵55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -⁶⁴64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁷⁹79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁸¹81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )
Mean age between 40 - 60 years	(⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ¹⁰¹101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... )
Above 60 years old	(³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ³⁸38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... , ⁵⁰50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... , ⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁶⁰60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... )
Information not available	(³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ³⁹39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... , ⁴⁰40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... , ⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... , ⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... , ¹⁰⁷107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... )
OCCUPATIONAL VOICE USE
Occupational voice users	(¹⁷17 Barrichelo-Lindström V, Behlau M. Resonant voice in acting students: perceptual and acoustic correlates of the trained Y-Buzz by Lessac. J Voice. 2009;23(5):603-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.12.001. PMid:18411035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ¹⁹19 Boone DR, McFarlane SC. A critical view of the yawn-sigh as a voice therapy technique. J Voice. 1993;7(1):75-80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80114-6. PMid:8353622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... , ²²22 Dallaston K, Rumbach AF. Vocal performance of group fitness instructors before and after instruction: changes in acoustic measures and self-ratings. J Voice. 2016;30(1):127.e1-e8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.02.007. PMid:25795364. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ²⁶26 Garcia EZ, Yamashita HK, Garcia DS, Padovani MM, Azevedo RR, Chiari BM. Applicability of cone beam computed tomography to the assessment of the vocal tract before and after vocal exercises in normal subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2016;68(4):183-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383. PMid:28171875. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000449383... , ²⁸28 Gaskill CS, Quinney DM. The effect of resonance tubes on glottal contact quotient with and without task instruction: a comparison of trained and untrained voices. J Voice. 2012;26(3):e79-93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.03.003. PMid:21550779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 29 Gong T, Lu T, Zhang Y, Li Z, Shen A, Niu J, et al. Effects of Liuzijue Qigong posture on aerodynamics of phonation in healthy volunteers. J Voice. 2022. (In press). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.12.019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.... -³⁰30 Gorham-Rowan M, Morris R, Waggener G. Measurement of blood lactate as a function of vocal loading and neuromuscular electrical stimulation: proof of concept. J Commun Disord. 2019;80:92-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019.04.002. PMid:31132725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2019... , ³²32 Guzman M, Calvache C, Romero L, et al. Do different semi-occluded voice exercises affect vocal fold adduction differently in subjects diagnosed with hyperfunctional dysphonia? [published correction appears in folia phoniatr logop. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2015;67(2):68-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353. PMid:26394210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000437353... -³³33 Hamdan AL, Nassar J, Al Zaghal Z, El-Khoury E, Bsat M, Tabri D. Glottal contact quotient in Mediterranean tongue trill. J Voice. 2012;26(5):669.e11-e15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.07.008. PMid:22082865. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... , ⁴⁶46 Mendes AP, Brown WS Jr, Rothman HB, Sapienza C. Effects of singing training on the speaking voice of voice majors. J Voice. 2004;18(1):83-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.07.006. PMid:15070227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁴⁸48 Mürbe D, Pabst F, Hofmann G, Sundberg J. Effects of a professional solo singer education on auditory and kinesthetic feedback--a longitudinal study of singers’ pitch control. J Voice. 2004;18(2):236-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.05.001. PMid:15193657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2003.... , ⁵⁷57 Schneider B, Bigenzahn W. How we do it: voice therapy to improve vocal constitution and endurance in female student teachers. Clin Otolaryngol. 2005;30(1):66-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.2004.00937.x. PMid:15748195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2273.20... , ⁵⁹59 Smith CG, Finnegan EM, Karnell MP. Resonant voice: spectral and nasendoscopic analysis. J Voice. 2005;19(4):607-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.09.004. PMid:16301106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... 60 Stemple JC, Lee L, D’Amico B, Pickup B. Efficacy of vocal function exercises as a method of improving voice production. J Voice. 1994;8(3):271-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80299-1. PMid:7987430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... -⁶¹61 Tafiadis D, Kosma EI, Chronopoulos SK, Papadopoulos A, Toki EI, Vassiliki S, et al. Acoustic and perceived measurements certifying tango as voice treatment method. J Voice. 2018;32(2):256.e13-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.016. PMid:28709765. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁶⁶66 Van Stan JH, Park SW, Jarvis M, Stemple J, Hillman RE, Sternad D. Quantitative assessment of learning and retention in virtual vocal function exercises. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2021;64(1):1-15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-00357. PMid:33285082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_JSLHR-20-... , ⁷³73 Titze IR, Long R, Shirley GI, Stathopoulos E, Ramig LO, Carroll LM, et al. Messa di voce: an investigation of the symmetry of crescendo and decrescendo in a singing exercise. J Acoust Soc Am. 1999;105(5):2933-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906. PMid:10335642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.426906... 74 Antonetti AEDS, Ribeiro VV, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Effects of performance time of the voiced high-frequency oscillation and lax vox technique in vocally healthy subjects. J Voice. 2022;36(1):140.e29-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.008. PMid:32507328. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... -⁷⁵75 Guzman M, Angulo M, Muñoz D, Mayerhoff R. Effect on long-term average spectrum of pop singers’ vocal warm-up with vocal function exercises. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2013;15(2):127-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.702283. PMid:22909150. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/17549507.2012.... , ⁷⁷77 Rossiter D, Howard DM, DeCosta M. Voice development under training with and without the influence of real-time visually presented biofeedback. J Acoust Soc Am. 1996;99(5):3253-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872. PMid:8642130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.414872... , ⁸³83 McHenry M, Johnson J, Foshea B. The effect of specific versus combined warm-up strategies on the voice. J Voice. 2009;23(5):572-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.01.003. PMid:18411037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... 84 Pimenta RA, Dájer ME, Hachiya A, Tsuji DH, Montagnoli AN. Parameters acoustic and high-speed kymography identified effects of voiced vibration and vocal fry exercises. CoDAS. 2013;25(6):577-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014000100010. PMid:24626983. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2317-17822014... -⁸⁵85 Tyrmi J, Laukkanen AM. How stressful is “deep bubbling”? J Voice. 2017;31(2):262.e1-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.04.013. PMid:27292094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁸⁷87 Lopes LW, Sousa ESDS, Silva ACFD, Silva IM, Paiva MAA, Vieira VJD, et al. Cepstral measures in the assessment of severity of voice disorders. CoDAS. 2019;31(4):e20180175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20182018175. PMid:31433040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2018... , ⁸⁸88 Cordeiro GF, Montagnoli AN, Nemr NK, Menezes MH, Tsuji DH. Comparative analysis of the closed quotient for lip and tongue trills in relation to the sustained vowel /ε/. J Voice. 2012;26(1):e17-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.07.004. PMid:20926253. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.... , ⁹¹91 Tyrmi J, Radolf V, Horáček J, Laukkanen AM. Resonance tube or lax vox? J Voice. 2017;31(4):430-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.024. PMid:28062093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁹²92 Echternach M, Köberlein M, Gellrich D, Guzman M, Laukkanen AM, Burk F, et al. Duration of biodynamic changes associated with water resistance therapy. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2021;46(3):126-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.1785000. PMid:32583700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015439.2020.... , ⁹⁹99 Gilman M. Revisiting sustained phonation time of /s/, /z/, and /α/. J Voice. 2021 Nov;35(6):935.e13-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.03.012. PMid:32345503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 100 Bane M, Brown M, Angadi V, Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Vocal function exercises for normal voice: with and without semi-occlusion. Int J Speech Lang Pathol. 2019;21(2):175-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.1416176. PMid:29614887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17549507.2017.... 101 Verdolini Abbott K, Li NY, Branski RC, Rosen CA, Grillo E, Steinhauer K, et al. Vocal exercise may attenuate acute vocal fold inflammation. J Voice. 2012;26(6):814.e1-13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.03.008. PMid:23177745. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... -¹⁰²102 Dargin TC, DeLaunay A, Searl J. Semioccluded vocal tract exercises: changes in laryngeal and pharyngeal activity during stroboscopy. J Voice. 2016;30(3):377.e1-e9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.05.006. PMid:26390961. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... )
Nonoccupational voice users	(¹⁴14 Bunta F, Gósy M. Expanding the clinical toolset: acoustic analyses for speech-language pathologists and audiologists in the 21st century. Perspect ASHA Spec Interest Groups. 2022;7(6):1-12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2022_PERSP-22-... 15 Andrade PA, Wood G, Ratcliffe P, Epstein R, Pijper A, Svec JG. Electroglottographic study of seven semi-occluded exercises: LaxVox, straw, lip-trill, tongue-trill, humming, hand-over-mouth, and tongue-trill combined with hand-over-mouth. J Voice. 2014;28(5):589-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.11.004. PMid:24560003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... -¹⁶16 da Silva Antonetti AE, Ribeiro VV, Moreira PAM, Brasolotto AG, Silverio KCA. Voiced high-frequency oscillation and laxvox: analysis of their immediate effects in subjects with healthy voice. J Voice. 2019;33(5):808.e7-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.02.022. PMid:29861293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... , ¹⁸18 Brockmann-Bauser M, Balandat B, Bohlender JE. Immediate lip trill effects on the standard diagnostic measures voice range profile, jitter, maximum phonation time, and dysphonia severity index. J Voice. 2020;34(6):874-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.04.011. PMid:31196690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²⁰20 Bruno E, De Padova A, Napolitano B, Marroni P, Batelli R, Ottaviani F, et al. Voice disorders and posturography: variables to define the success of rehabilitative treatment. J Voice. 2009;23(1):71-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.06.002. PMid:17981012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ²¹21 Calvache C, Guzman M, Bobadilla M, Bortnem C. Variation on vocal economy after different semioccluded vocal tract exercises in subjects with normal voice and dysphonia. J Voice. 2020;34(4):582-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.01.007. PMid:30738783. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ²³23 D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. The effectiveness of manual circumlaryngeal therapy in future elite vocal performers: a pilot study. Laryngoscope. 2013;123(8):1937-41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050. PMid:23564361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.24050... 24 Ellis LW, Beltyukova SA. Effects of compliance monitoring of vocal function exercises on voice outcome measures for normal voice. Percept Mot Skills. 2011;112(3):729-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.112.3.729-736. PMid:21853762. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/11.15.28.PMS.1... -²⁵25 Fujiki RB, Oliver AJ, Sivasankar MP, Craig BA, Malandraki GA. Secondary voice outcomes of a randomized clinical trial comparing two head/neck strengthening exercises in healthy older adults: a preliminary report. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2019;62(2):318-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-18-0338. PMid:30950703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_JSLHR-S-1... , ²⁷27 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of an artificially lengthened vocal tract on estimated glottal contact quotient in untrained male voices. J Voice. 2010;24(1):57-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.05.004. PMid:19135851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2008.... , ³¹31 Grillo EU, Verdolini K. Evidence for distinguishing pressed, normal, resonant, and breathy voice qualities by laryngeal resistance and vocal efficiency in vocally trained subjects. J Voice. 2008;22(5):546-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.12.008. PMid:17400426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2006.... , ³⁴34 Kagan LS, Heaton JT. The effectiveness of low-level light therapy in attenuating vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2017;31(3):384.e15-23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.09.004. PMid:27839705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ³⁷37 Kotby MN, Shiromoto O, Hirano M. The accent method of voice therapy: effect of accentuations on FO, SPL, and airflow. J Voice. 1993;7(4):319-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80120-1. PMid:8293064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... 38 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Tyrmi J, Vilkman E. Immediate effects of ‘voice massage’ treatment on the speaking voice of healthy subjects. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2005;57(3):163-72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136. PMid:15914999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000084136... 39 Laukkanen AM, Syrjä T, Laitala M, Leino T. Effects of two-month vocal exercising with and without spectral biofeedback on student actors’ speaking voice. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2004;29(2):66-76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034479. PMid:15260182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14015430410034... 40 Laukkanen A-M. About the so called “resonance tubes” used in finnish voice training practice: an electroglottographic and acoustic investigation on the effects of this method on the voice quality of subjects with normal voice. Scand J Log Phon. 1992;17(3-4):151-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14015439209098... -⁴¹41 Leydon C, Mital K, DoCarmo J, Gaffney A, Ullucci P. The impact of vocal task on voice acoustics, effort and discomfort following submandibular neuromuscular electrical stimulation in healthy adults. J Voice. 2021;37(5):700-6. PMid:34116890., ⁴⁴44 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, De Cock E, Neyens H, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effectiveness of chewing technique on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(5):574-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.06.016. PMid:26292796. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁴⁵45 Meerschman I, D’haeseleer E, Catry T, Ruigrok B, Claeys S, Van Lierde K. Effect of two isolated vocal facilitating techniques glottal fry and yawn-sigh on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Commun Disord. 2017;66:40-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017.03.004. PMid:28412598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2017... , ⁴⁷47 Motel T, Fisher KV, Leydon C. Vocal warm-up increases phonation threshold pressure in soprano singers at high pitch. J Voice. 2003;17(2):160-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00003-1. PMid:12825648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... , ⁴⁹49 Nusseck M, Immerz A, Spahn C, Echternach M, Richter B. Long-term effects of a voice training program for teachers on vocal and mental health. J Voice. 2021;35(3):438-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.11.016. PMid:31864892. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 50 Orlikoff RF. Voice production during a weightlifting and support task. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2008;60(4):188-94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277. PMid:18463414. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000128277... 51 Paes SM, Behlau M. Dosage dependent effect of high-resistance straw exercise in dysphonic and non-dysphonic women. CoDAS. 2017;29(1):e20160048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20172016048. PMid:28300957. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2017... 52 Piragibe PC, Silverio KCA, Dassie-Leite AP, Hencke D, Falbot L, Santos K, et al. Comparison of the immediate effect of voiced oral high-frequency oscillation and flow phonation with resonance tube in vocally-healthy elderly women. Comparação do impacto imediato das técnicas de oscilação oral de alta frequência sonorizada e sopro sonorizado com tubo de ressonância em idosas vocalmente saudáveis. CoDAS. 2020;32(4):e20190074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20192019074. PMid:32049106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2019... 53 Portillo MP, Rojas S, Guzman M, Quezada C. Comparison of effects produced by physiological versus traditional vocal warm-up in contemporary commercial music singers. J Voice. 2018;32(2):200-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.03.022. PMid:28579159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... 54 Roy N, Ryker KS, Bless DM. Vocal violence in actors: an investigation into its acoustic consequences and the effects of hygienic laryngeal release training. J Voice. 2000;14(2):215-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80029-6. PMid:10875573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... 55 Sabol JW, Lee L, Stemple JC. The value of vocal function exercises in the practice regimen of singers. J Voice. 1995;9(1):27-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)80220-6. PMid:7757147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(05)... -⁵⁶56 Santana ÉR, Masson MLV, Araújo TM. The effect of surface hydration on teachers’ voice quality: an intervention study. J Voice. 2017;31(3):383.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.019. PMid:27765431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... , ⁵⁸58 Segall LE. The effect of group singing on the voice and swallow function of healthy, sedentary, older adults: A pilot study. Arts Psychother. 2017;55:40-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2017.02.... , ⁶²62 Tay EY, Phyland DJ, Oates J. The effect of vocal function exercises on the voices of aging community choral singers. J Voice. 2012;26(5):672-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.12.014. PMid:22717496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... 63 Toles LE, Ortiz AJ, Marks KL, Mehta DD, Van Stan JH, Hillman RE. Amount and characteristics of speaking and singing voice use in vocally healthy female college student singers during a typical week. J Voice. 2022;36(2):203-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.029. PMid:32451254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 64 Van Lierde KM, d’Haeseleer E, Deley S, Luyten A, Baudonck N, Claeys S, et al. The impact of a voice counseling procedure to select students with normal vocal characteristics for starting a master program in speech language pathology: a pilot study. J Voice. 2012;26(5):623-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.11.003. PMid:22285454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.... -⁶⁵65 Van Lierde KM, D’haeseleer E, Baudonck N, Claeys S, De Bodt M, Behlau M. The impact of vocal warm-up exercises on the objective vocal quality in female students training to be speech language pathologists. J Voice. 2011;25(3):e115-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.11.004. PMid:20236794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2009.... , ⁶⁷67 Yilmaz C, Bostancı Ö, Bulut S. Effect of respiratory muscle training on pitch range and sound duration in brass instrument players and singers. J Voice. 2022;36(1):76-82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.012. PMid:32451252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 68 Yiu EML, Liu CCY, Chan CYP, Barrett E, Lu D. Vibrational therapies for vocal fatigue. J Voice. 2021;35(1):29-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.07.009. PMid:31383515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... 69 Mercer E, Lowell SY. The low mandible maneuver: preliminary study of its effects on aerodynamic and acoustic measures. J Voice. 2020;34(4):645.e1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.12.005. PMid:30639152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 70 Saccente-Kennedy B, Amarante Andrade P, Epstein R. A pilot study assessing the therapeutic potential of a vibratory positive expiratory pressure device (acapella choice) in the treatment of voice disorders. J Voice. 2020;34(3):487.e21-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.09.019. PMid:32389238. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... 71 Sapienza CM, Crandell CC, Curtis B. Effects of sound-field frequency modulation amplification on reducing teachers’ sound pressure level in the classroom. J Voice. 1999;13(3):375-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)80042-3. PMid:10498053. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(99)... -⁷²72 Timmermans B, De Bodt MS, Wuyts FL, Van de Heyning PH. Training outcome in future professional voice users after 18 months of voice training. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004;56(2):120-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063. PMid:15001827. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000076063... , ⁷⁶76 Pabon P, Stallinga R, Södersten M, Ternström S. Effects on vocal range and voice quality of singing voice training: the classically trained female voice. J Voice. 2014;28(1):36-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.06.005. PMid:24084360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ⁷⁸78 Bagnall AD, McCulloch K. The impact of specific exertion on the efficiency and ease of the voice: a pilot study. J Voice. 2005;19(3):384-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.06.002. PMid:16102665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2004.... 79 Duffy OM, Hazlett DE. The impact of preventive voice care programs for training teachers: a longitudinal study. J Voice. 2004;18(1):63-70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)00088-2. PMid:15070225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(03)... 80 Easterling C. Does an exercise aimed at improving swallow function have an effect on vocal function in the healthy elderly? Dysphagia. 2008;23(3):317-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-9158-z. PMid:18437461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00455-008-915... 81 Laukkanen AM, Leppänen K, Ilomaki I. Self-evaluation of voice as a treatment outcome measure. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2009;61(1):57-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000. PMid:19204394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000201000... -⁸²82 Mahalingam S, Boominathan P. Effects of steam inhalation on voice quality-related acoustic measures. Laryngoscope. 2016;126(10):2305-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933. PMid:26972609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.25933... , ⁸⁶86 Laukkanen AM, Lindholm P, Vilkman E, Haataja K, Alku P. A physiological and acoustic study on voiced bilabial fricative/beta:/as a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1996;10(1):67-77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)80020-8. PMid:8653180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(96)... , ⁸⁹89 Dargin TC, Searl J. Semi-occluded vocal tract exercises: aerodynamic and electroglottographic measurements in singers. J Voice. 2015;29(2):155-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.05.009. PMid:25261954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.... , ⁹⁰90 Mills RD, Rivedal S, DeMorett C, Maples G, Jiang JJ. Effects of straw phonation through tubes of varied lengths on sustained vowels in normal-voiced participants. J Voice. 2018;32(3):386.e21-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.05.015. PMid:28648485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁹³93 Gaskill CS, Erickson ML. The effect of a voiced lip trill on estimated glottal closed quotient. J Voice. 2008;22(6):634-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.03.012. PMid:17574810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2007.... , ⁹⁴94 Kang J, Xue C, Lou Z, Scholp A, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. The therapeutic effects of straw phonation on vocal fatigue. Laryngoscope. 2020;130(11):E674-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498. PMid:31971264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.28498... , ⁹⁶96 Radhakrishnan NN. Nasal Resistance (NR) technique: a novel approach to improve glottal adduction. J Voice. 2022;36(1):91-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.04.020. PMid:32522383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2020.... 97 Lopes LW, Silva HF, Evangelista DS, Silva JD, Simoes LB, Silva POC, et al. Relationship between vocal symptoms, severity of voice disorders, and laryngeal diagnosis in patients with voice disorders. Relação entre os sintomas vocais, intensidade do desvio vocal e diagnóstico laríngeo em pacientes com distúrbios da voz. CoDAS. 2016;28(4):439-45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/20162015062. PMid:27356190. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2317-1782/2016... -⁹⁸98 De Bodt MS, Clement G, Wuyts FL, Borghs C, Van Lierde KM. The impact of phonation mode and vocal technique on vocal fold closure in young females with normal voice quality. J Voice. 2012;26(6):818.e1-e4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.05.003. PMid:23177749. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2012.... , ¹⁰³103 Patel RR, Walker R, Sivasankar PM. Spatiotemporal quantification of vocal fold vibration after exposure to superficial laryngeal dehydration: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2016;30(4):427-33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.07.009. PMid:26277075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ¹⁰⁵105 Saxon KG, Berry SL. Vocal exercise physiology: same principles, new training paradigms. J Sing. 2009;66:51-7. 106 Gomes R, Nascimento EF, Araújo FC. Por que os homens buscam menos os serviços de saúde do que as mulheres? As explicações de homens com baixa escolaridade e homens com ensino superior. Cad Saude Publica. 2007;23(3):565-74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007000300015. PMid:17334571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0102-311X2007... 107 Broaddus-Lawrence PL, Treole K, McCabe RB, Allen RL, Toppin L. The effects of preventive vocal hygiene education on the vocal hygiene habits and perceptual vocal characteristics of training singers. J Voice. 2000;14(1):58-71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)80095-8. PMid:10764117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(00)... -¹⁰⁸108 Chen FC, Ma EP, Yiu EM. Facial bone vibration in resonant voice production. J Voice. 2014;28(5):596-602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.12.014. PMid:24629644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2013.... , ¹¹⁰110 Elliot N, Sundberg J, Gramming P. Physiological aspects of a vocal exercise. J Voice. 1997;11(2):171-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)80075-6. PMid:9181540. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(97)... )
Mixed samples	(³⁵35 Kang J, Xue C, Piotrowski D, Gong T, Zhang Y, Jiang JJ. Lingering effects of straw phonation exercises on aerodynamic, electroglottographic, and acoustic parameters. J Voice. 2019;33(5):810.e5-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.05.002. PMid:29866635. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2018.... -³⁶36 Kang J, Xue C, Chou A, Scholp A, Gong T, Zhang Y, et al. Comparing the exposure-response relationships of physiological and traditional vocal warm-ups on aerodynamic and acoustic parameters in untrained singers. J Voice. 2019;33(4):420-8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.12.019. PMid:29422371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.... , ⁴²42 Maxwell MJ, English JD, Moppett IK, McGlashan JA, Norris AM. Vocalization assessed by electrolaryngography is unaffected by topical lidocaine anesthesia: a prospective, crossover, randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg. 2012;114(4):785-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182455b71. PMid:22314690. http://dx.doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182... , ⁴³43 Meerschman I, Bettens K, Dejagere S, Tetaert L, D’haeseleer E, Claeys S, et al. Effect of two isolated vocal-facilitating techniques chant talk and pitch inflections on the phonation of female speech-language pathology students: a pilot study. J Voice. 2016;30(6):771.e17-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.11.007. PMid:26725548. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2015.... , ⁹⁵95 Paolillo NP, Carrozza L, Osio M, Rosa E, Scalabrin M. Inspiratory vocal fry: anatomical and physiological aspects, application in speech therapy, vocal pedagogy and singing. a pilot study. J Voice. 2021;35(3):394-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.10.004. PMid:31708370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2019.... , ¹⁰⁴104 Stemple JC, Weiler E, Whitehead W, Komray R. Electromyographic biofeedback training with patients exhibiting a hyperfunctional voice disorder. Laryngoscope. 1980;90(3):471-6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.5540900314. PMid:7359968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/lary.554090031... , ¹⁰⁹109 Croake DJ, Andreatta RD, Stemple JC. Immediate effects of the vocal function exercises semi-occluded mouth posture on glottal airflow parameters: a preliminary study. J Voice. 2017;31(2):245.e9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.08.009. PMid:27595526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.... )

Academia Brasileira de Audiologia Rua Itapeva, 202, conjunto 61, CEP 01332-000, Tel.: (11) 3253-8711, Fax: (11) 3253-8473 - São Paulo - SP - Brazil
E-mail: revista@audiologiabrasil.org.br

Acompanhe os números deste periódico no seu leitor de RSS

[1] Conflict of interests: No.