Gu et al.77 Gu Y, Chang S-J, Ma G, Wang Y, Zhu J, Chen H, Lin X. Treatment of Congenital Melanocytic Nevi in the Eyelid and Periorbital Region With Ablative Lasers. Ann Plast Surg. 2019;83(4S):S65–9. https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.0000000000002094 https://doi.org/10.1097/SAP.000000000000...
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Case series |
20 participants (14 females, six males) |
Carbon dioxide laser (n = 11); Erbium:yttrium aluminum garnet laser (n = 2); Association (n = 7); Two to 21 sessions |
Six months after treatment by visual assessment and L*a*b* color space, measuring color value of the lesion and normal skin |
25% poor; 20% fair; 25% good; 20% excellent; 10% clear |
50% fair or poor outcome, requiring surgical excision |
Zeng1818 Zeng Y. Divided nevus of the eyelid: successful treatment with CO 2 laser. J Dermatol Treat. 2014;25(4):358–9. https://doi.org/10.3109/09546634.2012.756970 https://doi.org/10.3109/09546634.2012.75...
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Case report |
25-year-old female, right eyelid with 1.2 × 1.5 cm in size in the lower eyelid and 0.8 × 1 cm in the upper eyelid |
CO2 laser for 15 minutes foreach lid |
Normal tissues became visible after ablation; Thermal damage of the lower dermis avoided |
Patient satisfied |
Edema, incrustation, and erythema; Minimal repigmentation of upper lid; Superficial scar of the lower lid; Hypopigmentation on both wounds at the five-month follow-up |
Abrusci and Benzecry1919 Abrusci V, Benzecry V. Congenital melanocytic nevus on the lower eyelid treated with continuous wave and superpulsed CO 2 laser followed by erbium laser. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2017;19(4):219–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/14764172.2017.1293826 https://doi.org/10.1080/14764172.2017.12...
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Case report |
16-year-old female patient with medium right lower eyelid congenital nevus |
CO2 and Er:YAG laser simultaneously |
Total reepithelialization within 10 days; No complications during two-year follow-up |
Excellent and very satisfactory outcomes with absence of scarring |
Satisfactory 3 × 7-mm post-inflammatory lightly hyperpigmented area, not corresponding to melanocytic nevus as per dermatoscopic assessment |
Ponomarev et al.2222 Ponomarev IV, Topchiy SB, Pushkareva AE, Klyuchareva SV, Andrusenko YN. Treatment of Congenital Melanocytic Nevi With a Dual-Wavelengths Copper Vapor Laser: A Case Series. J Lasers Med Sci. 2021;12:e5. https://doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2021.05 https://doi.org/10.34172/jlms.2021.05...
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Case report |
55-year-old male and 30-year-old female patients with congenital melanocytic nevi on the forehead and lower eyelid |
511 and 578 nm dual wavelength copper vapor laser radiations; 55-year-old patient: two sessions one month apart 30-year-old patient: three sessions of one-month interval |
Immediate grayish appearance, narrow dark brown covering scab two or three days post-treatment, pink color after seven to 10 days when scab fell off |
Three weeks healing time and no recurrences during 24-month follow-up |
Slight erythema that resolved |
Cho et al.2828 Cho HJ, Lee W, Jeon MK, Park JO, Yang EJ. Staged Mosaic Punching Excision of a Kissing Nevus on the Eyelid. Aesthetic Plast Surg. 2019;43(3):652–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-019-01362-0 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-019-01362...
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Case report |
15 patients (10 women, five men, 13–73 years old) with congenital divided nevi (small, medium sized) involving eyelash-bearing area |
Seven patients: laser therapy; Eight patients: concomitant excision or history of previous excision; One patient: skin graft; Three to six sessions to complete the procedure, and the entire procedure performed every four to six weeks |
Assessment by checking postoperative lid margin irregularities, lid notching, delayed wound healing and closure, infections, partial/total decrease in hair along margin and recurrence |
Patients’ satisfaction assessment through questionnaire; All patients satisfied |
Partial loss of cilia in all patients |
McDonnel and Mayou3232 McDonnell PJ, Mayou BJ. Congenital divided naevus of the eyelids. Br J Ophthalmol. 1988;72(3):198–201. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.72.3.198 https://doi.org/10.1136/bjo.72.3.198...
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Case report |
Newborn female infant with left 2 × 2.5-cm pigmented divided nevus associated with thickening of the upper and lower eyelids and mild left eye ptosis |
Dermabrasion |
Decreased nevus size and pigmentation; Size and color reverted to initial presentation after four weeks |
Two months postoperative assessment satisfactory with no pigmentation recurrence |
None mentioned |
Yap and Earley3333 Yap LH, Earley MJ. The panda naevus: management of synchronous upper- and lower-eyelid pigmented naevi. Br J Plast Surg. 2001;54(2):102–5. https://doi.org/10.1054/bjps.2000.3514 https://doi.org/10.1054/bjps.2000.3514...
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Case report |
4-year-old boy with left congenital periorbital pigmented nevus; 25-year-old woman with congenital pigmented periorbital naevus associated with bleeding after minor trauma; 4-year-old girl with right congenital periorbital pigmented nevus; 23-year-old woman with congenital pigmented periorbital naevus affecting both right eyelids and right infraorbital region |
4-year-old boy: nevus excision then reconstruction using full-thickness post-auricular skin graft; 25-year-old woman: lower-lid excision, including eyelashes, and reconstruction using full-thickness post-auricular skin grafts; 4-year-old girl: two-stage excision, reconstruction using full-thickness post-auricular skin graft, wedge excision required two years later; 23-year-old woman: numerous excisions and reconstruction using full-thickness post-auricular skin grafts |
4-year-old boy, 25-year-old and 23-year-old women histology: benign compound nevus; 23-year-old woman: further wedge excision necessary two years after original excision; 4-year-old girl histology: intradermal pigmented nevus with extension to conjunctiva |
Good or excellent result as judged by patient and/or parents |
4-year-old girl: ophthalmologic opinion on scleral and conjunctival melanosis, but grafting not considered; 25-year-old woman: post-operative ectropion, corrected using lateral wedge excision; 23-year-old woman: epiphora due to close excision in lacrimal apparatus region |
Papadopoulos et al.3535 Papadopoulos O, Chrisostomidis C, Konofaos P, Georgiou P, Frangoulis M, Betsi E, Champsas G. Divided naevus of the eyelid, seven cases. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2007;60(3):260–5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2005.12.032 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2005.12.0...
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Case report |
Four patients (three females, one male, aged from 17 to 54 years old) |
Full-thickness excision of one-quarter of the lid and full-thickness skin grafts tocover defects |
Full-thickness pentagon excision useful in debulking of nevi extending in posterior lamella of eyelids, maintaining good lobe apposition, and preserving eyelashes line |
Successful |
None mentioned |
Yildirim et al.3434 Yildirim N, Sahin A, Erol N. The surgical treatment of congenital divided nevus of the eyelid: a case report and review of the literature. Int Ophthalmol. 2009;29(1):45–7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-007-9163-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-007-9163-...
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Case report |
16-year-old boy with continuous pigment lesion affecting upper and lower left eyelid, extending vertically to tarsal conjunctiva of both eyelids |
3-4 mm of normal skin surrounding nevus and 1-2 mm from tarsoconjunctival area removed; Newly formed eyelid margin covered by musculocutaneous flap; Minimal lateral tarsorrhaphy to reduce interpalpebral width |
Follow-up at six months; Use of lateral musculocutaneous flap for successful results; Patient’s age, gender, diameter of lesion and degree of involvement of tarsus to be kept in mind before surgery |
Satisfactory six months post-surgery |
None mentioned |
Ghosh et al.3636 Ghosh YK, Abu-Ain M, Ahluwalia HS. One Stage Management of a Giant Kissing Naevus. Orbit. 2010;29(3):175–6. https://doi.org/10.3109/01676830903488811 https://doi.org/10.3109/0167683090348881...
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Case report |
39-year-old female with large kissing nevus spanning central two third of lower and upper left eyelids |
Surgical reconstruction in one-stage fashion, by splitting posterior and anterior lamellae and debulking upper/lower lid lesions |
Follow-up atone week; Healing of upper lid defect at follow-up, lower lid graft taken nicely with good lid position and no exposure |
Great aesthetic and functional results |
None mentioned |
Rajput et al.99 Rajput GC, Mahajan D, Chaudhary KP, Deewana V. Kissing naevus arising from neural crest cells presenting as upper and the lower lid mass. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2015;6(3):417–9. https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.158796 https://doi.org/10.4103/0976-3147.158796...
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Case report |
40-year-old female with melanocytic nevi involving both eyelids |
Surgery with canthotomy and cantholysis; Lid repair in both lids by direct suturing method |
Histology: stratified squamous epithelium with nests of nevus cells at dermal-epidermal interface |
Healed lid skin and improved visual acuity on follow-up |
Healing of lid skin; Improvement of visual acuity to 6/36 in left eye |
Bayramiçli et al.3737 Bayramiçli M, Ersoy B, Şirinoğlu H. Surgical Management of a Congenital Panda Nevus With Preexpanded Triple Forehead Flaps and Temporal Island Flap: J Craniofac Surg. 2012;23(5):1396–8. https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e3182587a04 https://doi.org/10.1097/SCS.0b013e318258...
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Case report |
14-year-old boy with congenital panda nevus involving upper and lower eyelids, eyebrow, part of the malar eminence and nasal dorsum |
Staged excision of the lesion and defect; Reconstruction with expanded forehead flaps and temporal island flap with hair-bearing skin |
After three months: surgery for minor revisions; After 14 months: final stage of surgical treatment |
Satisfactory functional and aesthetic results |
None mentioned |
Desai et al.3838 Desai SC, Walen S, Holds JB, Branham G. Divided nevus of the eyelid: Review of embryology, pathology and treatment. Am J Otolaryngol. 2013;34(3):223–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2013.01.004 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amjoto.2013.01...
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Case report |
8-year-old male patient with congenital nevocellular nevus |
Excision and local advancement flap with V to Y closure of defect lateral to lateral canthus and full-thickness skin graft for eyelid reconstruction |
Final pathology: congenital nevocellular nevus |
Satisfactory |
No complications |
Kasai and Ogawa3939 Kasai K, Ogawa Y. The successful treatment of a divided nevus on a young patient using a modified Kunhnt-Szymanowski procedure. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 1990;6(3):181–4. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002341-199009000-00005 https://doi.org/10.1097/00002341-1990090...
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Case report |
16-year-old boy with nevus involving lower and upper eyelids (8 mm inferior and 5 mm superior to eyelashes, respectively) |
Surgical excision using the Kuhnt-Szymanowski procedure, and simple excision on the upper eyelid |
No ectropion within 11 months follow-up, and nearlyinvisible scar |
Complete removal of the lower ciliary border nevus |
None mentioned |