Celecoxib in the treatment of orofacial pain and discomfort in rats subjected to a dental occlusal interference model

Leitão, Andrea Whitehurst Ary; Borges, Marcela Maria Fontes; Martins, Joyce Ohana de Lima; Coelho, Antônio Alexandre; Carlos, Anna Clara Aragão Matos; Alves, Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes; Silva, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros; Sousa, Fabrício Bitu

doi:10.1590/acb370506

Andrea Whitehurst Ary Leitão

Master. Centro Univeristário Christus – Department of Dentistry – Laboratory of Oral Pathology – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5599-7114

Marcela Maria Fontes Borges

Fellow Master degree. Universidade Federal do Ceará – Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing – Division of Oral Pathology – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3731-0163

Joyce Ohana de Lima Martins

Fellow Master degree. Universidade Federal do Ceará – Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing – Division of Oral Pathology – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2919-9829

Antônio Alexandre Coelho

Graduate student. Centro Univeristário Christus – Department of Dentistry – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9901-3888

Anna Clara Aragão Matos Carlos

Dentist. Centro Univeristário Christus – Department of Dentistry – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6296-2956

Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves

PhD, Full Professor. Universidade Federal do Ceará – Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing – Division of Oral Pathology – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5090-6877

Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva ^**Corresponding author: paulo_goberlanio@yahoo.com.br | (55 85) 997732077

PhD, Full Professor. Centro Univeristário Christus – Department of Dentistry – Laboratory of Oral Pathology – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1513-9027

Fabrício Bitu Sousa

PhD, Full Professor. Centro Univeristário Christus – Department of Dentistry – Laboratory of Oral Pathology – Fortaleza (CE), Brazil.

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6430-9475

*Corresponding author: paulo_goberlanio@yahoo.com.br | (55 85) 997732077

Conflict of interest: Nothing to declare.

Authors’ contribution

Design of the study: Sousa FB; Technical procedures: Leitão AWA, and Borges MMF; Histomorphometry and immunohistochemical examinations: Martins JOL, Coelho AA, and Carlos ACAM; Manuscript writing: Leitão AWA, Borges MMF, Alves APN, and Silva PGB; Critical revision: Leitão AWA, Borges MMF, Martins JOL, Coelho AA, Carlos ACAM, Alves APN, Silva PGB, and Sousa FB; Final approval the version to be published: Leitão AWA, Borges MMF, Martins JOL, Coelho AA, Carlos ACAM, Alves APN, Silva PGB, and Sousa FB.

Figures (5)
Tables (1)

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Figure 1
Histomorphometric analysis of ipsilateral cell body area of trigeminal neurons in rats treated with different doses of a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (celecoxib, Eurofarma^®) and exposed to an experimentalmodel of dental occlusal interference. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/Bonferroni(mean ± standard error); hematoxylin and eosin, 400×, horizontal line = 50 μm.

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Figure 2
Histomorphometric analysis of contralateral cell body area of trigeminal neurons in rats treated with different doses of a selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (celecoxib, Eurofarma^®) and exposed to an experimentalmodel of dental occlusal interference. Two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA)/Bonferroni(mean ± standard error); hematoxylin and eosin, 400×, horizontal line = 50 μm.

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Figure 3
COX-2 immunostaining of cell bodies of trigeminal neurons after one, three, and sevendays of exposure to an experimental model of dental occlusal interference in rats treated witha selective COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib, Eurofarma^®). One-way ANOVA/Bonferroni(mean ± standard error). Immunohistochemistry, 400×, horizontal line = 50 μm.

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Figure 4
NFkB p65 immunostaining of cell bodies of trigeminal neurons after one, three, and sevendays of exposure to an experimental model of dental occlusal interference in rats treated witha selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor (celecoxib, Eurofarma^®). One-way ANOVA/Bonferroni(mean ± standard error). Immunohistochemistry, 400×, horizontal line = 50 μm.

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Figure 5
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y immunostaining of cell bodies of trigeminal neurons afterone, three, and seven days of exposure to an experimental model of dental occlusal interference in ratstreated with a selective cyclo-oxygenase-2 inhibitor (celecoxib, Eurofarma^®). One-way analysis ofvariance/Bonferroni (mean ± standard error). Immunohistochemistry, 400×, horizontal line = 50 μm.

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Table 1
Temporal course of nociception assay, counting of bites/scratches, mensuration of Grimace scale and weight loss in rats treated with celecoxib (Eurofarma^®) and exposed to experimental model of occlusal dental interference.

Parâmetros comportamentais		Time (Days)							p-Value
Parâmetros comportamentais		1	2	3	4	5	6	7	p-Value
Bites/ 5 min
	Sham	12.63 ± 5.78	9.00 ± 4.03	12.75 ± 5.26	7.63 ± 2.37	4.75 ± 1.85	3.63 ± 1.52	6.83 ± 3.70	0.010
	Saline	24.00 ± 10.62	38.13 ± 25.27	31.00 ± 19.49	24.88 ± 16.17	51.38 ± 15.30^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	55.63 ± 24.17^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	26.38 ± 7.02
	Celecoxib	16.63 ± 9.73	40.25 ± 26.79	25.25 ± 7.87	27.25 ± 6.13	12.00 ± 3.51	15.38 ± 5.11	13.75 ± 6.00
Scratches/ 5 min
	Sham	4.38 ± 2.06	3.83 ± 2.32	2.50 ± 0.89	1.86 ± 0.67	0.43 ± 0.43	0.88 ± 0.44	1.86 ± 0.96	< 0.001
	Saline	5.00 ± 2.44	1.38 ± 0.91	4.88 ± 3.11	19.00 ± 5.95^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	12.13 ± 5.99^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	11.75 ± 7.80^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	5.50 ± 2.78
	Celecoxib	2.00 ± 0.91	2.67 ± 1.26	2.29 ± 1.06	2.86 ± 1.32	2.57 ± 1.13	1.71 ± 0.87	4.63 ± 1.60
Grimmace scale sum (0-8)
	Sham	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.032
	Saline	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.38 ± 0.26^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	0.25 ± 0.16^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	0.13 ± 0.13	0.25 ± 0.25^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	0.00 ± 0.00
	Celecoxib	0.00 ± 0.00	0.13 ± 0.13	0.13 ± 0.13	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00
Nociception ipsilateral masseter (N)
	Sham	44.38 ± 6.44	39.63 ± 5.04	30.75 ± 2.61	43.25 ± 4.20	40.75 ± 4.68	62.50 ± 6.86	50.38 ± 8.37	< 0.001
	Saline	48.13 ± 7.56	26.38 ± 2.58	17.50 ± 2.53	19.00 ± 3.84^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	23.25 ± 2.15^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	23.00 ± 2.04^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	23.25 ± 3.89^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.
	Celecoxib	53.13 ± 7.97	34.13 ± 4.79	22.00 ± 2.55	28.13 ± 4.51	28.50 ± 2.33	30.88 ± 4.55^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	27.75 ± 4.05^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.
Nociception contra lateral masseter (N)
	Sham	38.63 ± 4.54	39.50 ± 5.96	33.75 ± 3.06	37.00 ± 4.79	38.75 ± 4.92	44.38 ± 7.81	41.50 ± 5.44	< 0.001
	Saline	32.50 ± 2.33	25.25 ± 2.27	15.25 ± 1.22^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	21.00 ± 2.63^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	21.50 ± 3.77^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	27.75 ± 3.38^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	23.38 ± 2.44^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.
	Celecoxib	36.38 ± 4.40	23.75 ± 2.35	22.38 ± 2.51	30.63 ± 4.83	24.63 ± 5.06	29.25 ± 2.66^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.	27.75 ± 3.38^* * p < 0.05 versus sham in same day.
Weight (%)
	Sham	100.00 ± 0.00	98.65 ± 0.85	99.40 ± 0.71	99.00 ± 0.66	98.88 ± 0.77	99.06 ± 1.51	101.93 ± 1.29	0.613
	Saline	100.00 ± 0.00	96.27 ± 1.24	97.34 ± 1.12	96.98 ± 1.57	97.01 ± 1.58	97.00 ± 1.28	100.50 ± 2.02
	Celecoxib	100.00 ± 0.00	96.97 ± 0.99	97.60 ± 0.79	97.13 ± 0.47	97.58 ± 0.74	98.34 ± 0.60	101.36 ± 0.61

[1] *Corresponding author: paulo_goberlanio@yahoo.com.br | (55 85) 997732077

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Celecoxib in the treatment of orofacial pain and discomfort in rats subjected to a dental occlusal interference model

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

Methods:

Results:

Conclusions: